Lucerne, Lion of. See LION OF Luchsberg. [Lynx Mountain.] A Luck of Edenhall. This name is given to a drinking-vessel long and carefully preserved at Edenhall, in Cumberland, England. It is traditionally said to have been stolen from the elves at one of their banquets, by a member of the ancient family of Musgrave, or, according to some accounts, by one of their domestics. The fortunes of the house are, or at least were, believed to depend upon its preservation. "If that glass do break or fall, Farewell to the luck of Edenhall." It is described as a tall enamelled glass, apparently of Venetian workmanship of the tenth century; and it is supposed to have been a chalice belonging to St. Cuthbert's ruined chapel, in the neighborhood of the hall. Longfellow has translated from the German poet Uhland a pretty ballad about the "Luck of Edenhall." One legend connected with this curious heirloom relates that the butler having gone to the well of St. Cuthbert found there a group of fairies, and this remarkable goblet standing on the brink of the well. He seized it; and the fairies, having tried in vain to recover it, fled, exclaiming,— "If this glass do break or fall, Farewell the luck of Edenhall." The letters I. H. S. are inscribed on For its keeper takes a race of might, As the goblet ringing flies apart, The guests in dust are scattered all, Lucretia. A picture by Jacopo Lucretia. A picture by Rembrandt Ludgate Hill. See LUDGATE. Cheapside, the Strand, Fleet Street, and Each name a very story in itself. Ludgate Prison. A celebrated "Sir Philip Sidney, the preux chevalier of his age, the poet, and lover of letters and men of letters, was no doubt a frequent resident in Ludlow Castle, and probably there collected at times around him the Spensers and the Raleighs and the other literary stars of the day." Thomas Wright. I must hold Ludlow Castle an honest house, for which Milton's "Comus" was written, and the company nobly bred, which performed it with knowledge and sympathy. Emerson. Ludovisi Juno. See JUNO, and also VILLA LUDOVISI. Kling! klang!-with a harder blow than Ludovisi, Villa. See VILLA LU all Ludwigstrasse. [Louis Street.] A noted street in Munich, Bavaria, with magnificent buildings. Lueg Castle. A remarkable castle constructed in a cavern near the grotto of Adelsberg, in Southern Austria. It was built in 1570. It can only be approached by steps cut in the rock, by ladders and drawbridges. It has served as a mysterious place of retreat for centuries. Luke, St. See ST. LUKE. Lumley Castle. A seat of the Earl of Scarborough, near Durham, England. Lundy's Lane. A locality in the province of Ontario, Canada. It was the scene of a battle between the United States forces and the British in 1814, resulting in the defeat of the latter. The courage which girls exhibit is like a battle of Lundy's Lane, or a sea-fight. Emerson. Lung' Arno. [Along the Arno.] The celebrated street and thoroughfare of Florence, Italy, extending along the right bank of the river, the Arno, which divides the city. Also the principal street in Pisa, Italy. Who, that remembers Florence, does not remember well the San Miniato in Monte, towering on its lofty eminence above the city, and visible along the Lung' Arno from the Ponte alle Grazie to the Ponte alla Carraja? Mrs. Jameson. Lurlei. See LORELEI. Lute Player. A picture by Michelangelo Amerighi, called Caravaggio (1569-1609). In the Lichtenstein Collection, Vienna, Austria. See LADY WITH THE LUTE. Luther's Beech. A magnificent tree which formerly stood near Liebenstein, Germany, on the borders of the Thuringian forest, and was celebrated as the tree under which the reformer was seized on his return from Worms, and carried to the prison of the Wartburg. Luther's Cell. A room in the Augustine convent in Erfurt, Ger many, memorable as the apartment in which the great reformer lived while a monk, and which contains his Bible and other interesting relics. Luther's Elm Tree. A tree near Worms, Germany, famous from the tradition that the great reformer rested under it on his memorable journey to the city. mar Luther's House. A mansion in Wittenberg, Germany, where the reformer lived after his riage, and which is carefully preserved in an almost unaltered condition. It contains various interesting relics. Luton-Hoo. Formerly the seat of the Marquis of Bute, near Bedford, England. It was destroyed by fire in 1843. "This is one of the places I do not regret having come to see. It is a very stately palace indeed. The dignity of the rooms is very great, and the quantity of the pictures is beyond expectation - beyond hope." Dr. Johnson. Luxembourg. See MUSÉE DU LUXEMBOURG and PALAIS DE LUXEMBOURG. Luxor. See OBELISK OF LUXOR and TEMPLE OF LUXOR. Lycabettus. A rocky conical hill of considerable height, about one mile north-east of the Acropolis, and forming a striking feature in the scenery of Athens, Greece. This hill is said to have been dropped here, that it might serve as a bulwark of Athens, by Pallas Minerva, who, at the birth of Erichthonius, the ancient king of Attica, came from her temple at Pallené, and bore this hill through the air in her arms as a birthday gift. It is now known as the mountain of ST. GEORGE. "This hill is to the Grecian capital what Vesuvius is to Naples, or Arthur's Seat to Edinburgh; from its summit Athens and its neighborhood lie unrolled before the eye as in a map." Murray. Lyceum. A famous school in ancient Athens, where the philos Sir Charles Fellows from Xanthus, in Lycia, Asia Minor, in 1841, and now deposited in a room specially devoted to the purpose in the British Museum, London. [Called also the Lycian Marbles.] Lyon's Inn. A seminary of legal learning in London - one of the nine inns of chancery. Lyon's Inn, once a hostelry, was destroyed in 1863. They cut his throat from ear to ear, His brains they battered in; His name was Mr. William Weare, He dwelt in Lyon's Inn. Lysicrates. See CHORAGIC MONUMENT OF LYSICRATES. Lyversberg Passion. A painting of the Passion, or suffering of Christ, attributed to Israel von Meckenen (1440-1503), but really by an unknown master. It derives its name from having been owned by Herr Lyversberg. At Cologne, Germany. Mabille. See JARDIN MABILLE. M. "Altogether, perhaps, so extraordinary a natural marvel does not exist in the British dominions." OF MACHPELAH. Mr. and Mrs. Hall. Mad Margery. [Dutch, De dulle Griete.] An enormous piece of ordnance preserved at Ghent, Belgium. It is made of wrought iron, and was used by the citizens of Ghent at the siege of Oudenarde in 1382. Macaroni Club. A company of eccentric fops who flourished in England in the eighteenth cen- Machpelah, Cave of. See CAVE tury. They dressed in the most fantastic manner. One of their most noticeable peculiarities was wearing a large knot of hair upon the back of the head. Their name was derived from their having always upon the dinner-table a dish of macaroni, then a novelty in England. For a time these eccentric young men were the leaders of fashion in London. Every thing, from the costume of the clergy to the music at public entertainments, was à la Maca roni. "A winter without politics even our Macaronis entertain the town with nothing but new dresses, and the size of their nosegays. They have lost all their money, and exhausted their credit, and can no longer game for £20,000 a night." Horace Walpole. Macbeth's Cairn. This is supposed to be on the spot where Macbeth, flying from his castle at Dunsinane, was slain by Macduff. See DUNSINANE HILL. Macedonian, The. A British frigate captured in the war of 1812 by the United States frigate Constitution. McGill Street. A main thorough- McHenry, Fort. See FORT MC- M'Swine's Gun. A natural curi- such force as to produce a sound capable, it is said, of being heard distinctly a distance of between 20 and 30 miles, and shooting up a shaft of water some hundreds of feet into the air. Madama, Villa. See VILLA MA DAMA. Madame Tussaud's Exhibition. A famous exhibition of waxwork figures in London. It is situated in Baker Street. 眼 "Many of these, especially those relating to the French Revolution, were modelled from life, or death, by Madame Tussaud, who was herself imprisoned and in danger of the guillotine, with Madame Beauharnais and her child Hortense as her associates." Hare. Madeleine, The. This church is one of the most beautiful buildings in Paris. It was begun by Louis XV., and completed in the reign of Louis Philippe. It is of Grecian architecture. The principal façade looks upon the Rue Royale and the Place de la Concorde, and is very magnificent. The interior of the church is richly decorated in gilt and marble. It contains many paintings and sculptures illustrative of the life of the Magdalene. In May, 1871, 300 insurgents were driven by the Versailles troops into this church and there killed. "The most sumptuous fane ever erected to her [the Magdalen's] special honor is that which, of late years, has arisen in the city of Paris. The church, or rather temple, of La Madeleine stands an excelling monument, if not That nobler type is realized again In perfect form, and dedicate - to whom? As ever wore her life in sin and shame; And He, for that love's sake, all else forgave." Lord Houghton. Madeleine, Boulevart de la. One of the boulevards of Paris, extending only about 600 feet from the church of the Madeleine. See BOULEVARDS. Madem's Well. See ST. MADEM'S WELL. Madison Square. A fashionable park in the city of New York, some six acres in extent, three miles from the Battery. It is bordered by magnificent hotels, and contains a monument erected to the memory of Gen. Worth. Miss Flora M'Flimsey, of Madison Square. W. A. Butler. Madison's Cave. A natural curiosity in Augusta County, Va. "It extends into the earth about 300 feet, branching into subordinate caverns, and at length terminates in two different places at basins of water of unknown extent. The vault of this cave is of solid limestone from 20 to 40 or 50 feet high, through which water is continually percolating. This trickling down the sides of the cave has incrusted them over in the form of elegant drapery." Jefferson. Madness. One of two celebrated statues by Caius Gabriel Cibber (d. 1700?), which formerly adorned the principal gate of the old Bethlehem Hospital, London, and are now in the entrance-hall of the new Bethlem Hospital. The companion figure is called Melancholy. See MELANCHOLY. "These are the earliest indications of the appearance of a distinct and natural spirit in sculpture. Those who see them for the first time are fixed to the spot with terror and awe. . . . From the degradation of the actual madhouse we turn overpowered and disgusted, but from these magnificent creations we retire in mingled awe and admiration." Cunningham. Madonna. [My Lady, i.e. the Virgin Mary.] The favorite subject of pictorial representation by the great religious painters of the Middle Ages. "Of the pictures in our galleries, public or private, the largest and most beautiful portion have reference to the Madonna,- her character, her person, her history. It was a theme which never tired her votaries, whether, as in the hands of great and sincere artists, it became one of the noblest and loveliest, or, as in the hands of superficial, unbelieving, time-serving artists, one of the most degraded. All that human genius, inspired by faith, could achieve of best; all that fanaticism, sensualism, atheism, could perpetrate of worst, do we find in the cycle of those representations which have been dedicated to the glory of the Virgin." Mrs. Jameson. Of the almost innumerable compositions upon this theme, a few of the more celebrated and familiar, especially those which bear a distinctive title, are given below. See also, for pictures relating to this subject, HOLY FAMILY and VIRGIN. Madonna. An altar-piece by Giovanni Cimabue (1240-1302?). In the church of S. Maria Novella, Florence, Italy. "In spite of its colossal size, and formal attitude and severe style, the face of this Madonna is very striking, and has been well described as 'sweet and unearthly, reminding you of a sibyl."" Mrs. Jameson. "It happened that this work was so much an object of admiration to the people of that day, they having then never seen any thing better, that it was carried in solemn procession, with the sound of trumpets and other festal demonstrations, from the house of |