The Elements of Analytical Geometry: Comprehending the Doctrine of the Conic Sections, and the General Theory of Curves and Surfaces of the Second Order

الغلاف الأمامي
E.H. Butler, 1848 - 288 من الصفحات
 

المحتوى

To draw a tangent from a point without the circle
104
The base of a triangle and the sum of the squares of the sides
110
Modifications to be introduced when the axis of x is below
117
Article Page
118
Inferences from this expression
124
The axes of an ellipse and the vertex of any diameter being
130
Other properties unfolded by the same equation
136
section will be a circle
140
On the hyperbola and mode of describing it
141
Determination of its vertices and asymptotes
142
Expression for the distance of any point from the centre
143
Different forms of the equation of the hyperbola
144
Squares of the ordinates as the products of the parts into which they divide the transverse diameter parameter a third propor tional to the transverse a...
145
Expression for the radius vector
146
Transformation of the equation of the hyperbola from rectangular to oblique conjugates
147
Properties deduced analogous to those in the ellipse
148
When they are oblique
149
The axis and vertex of a diameter being given to find the length of that diameter and of its conjugate
150
On tangents normals c to the hyperbola
151
The equations and lengths of these lines
152
Properties analogous to those in the ellipse 153
153
Equation of the hyperbola when referred to its asymptotes
155
Properties of lines drawn between the asymptotes
156
To construct the curve when a point in it and the asymptotes are given
157
Its equation and vertex determined
158
Equation in terms of the parameter
159
The diameters all parallel to each other
160
Equations of the tangent normal c the subtangent double the abscissa and the subnormal constant
161
Properties of the focal tangent
162
To find the locus of the intersection of pairs of rectangular tangents
163
On polar coordinates
164
Polar equation of the ellipse when the focus is pole
165
Article Page 112 Polar equation when the centre is the pole
166
Determination of the polar subtangent in each curve
167
Properties of focal chords
168
SECTION IV
169
determination of the locus of the equation My²+ Nx P
170
y³ Qx
171
Mode of obtaining the properties of the parabola from those of the ellipse
172
Examination of the equation when some of its terms are absent
174
Means of constructing the equation
176
Table of formulas to be employed in constructing central curves
177
Examples of their application
178
Means of judging when the equation represents a system of parallels
180
Examples of such equations
181
Determination of formulas for constructing parabolas
182
Given the base of a triangle and the sum of the tangents of the base angles to find the locus of the vertex
195
Given the base and difference of the tangents to find the locus of the vertex
196
Article Page
197
From two given points two straight lines are drawn so as to inter
203
If through any point chords are drawn to a line of the second
211
To find a cube that shall be double a given cube
212
To trisect an angle
213
Five points being given on a plane of which no three are in the same straight line it is possible to describe a line of the second order passing through t...
214
General Scholium with remarks on the higher curves
218
PART II
221
Equations of a point
222
Modifications of these equations
223
Equations of a straight line in space
224
Determination of the points where the coordinate planes are pierced by a given straight line
225
two points
226
Conditions of intersection of two straight lines
227
Sum of the squares of the cosines of the angles which any straight line makes with three others mutually at right angles equal to unity
228
On the generation of a plane surface
229
Equation of the plane
230
Equation of a plane passing through three points
231
two planes
232
Through a given point to draw a plane parallel to a given plane
233
Article Page determine its length
234
To determine the inclination of a straight line to a plane
235
The locus of every equation of the first degree containing three variables must be a plane
236
SECTION II
237
Equation of a tangent plane
238
Conical surfaces described
239
Equation determined
240
Surface of revolution defined
241
an ellipse
242
Surfaces of the second order in general
243
Diametral planes of surfaces without a centre
244
The hyperboloid of a single sheet
245
The hyperboloid of two sheets
248
The hyperbolic paraboloid
249
Tangent planes to surfaces of the second order
251
On conjugate diametral planes
253
SECTION III
254
The square of a surface equal to the sum of the squares of its projections on three rectangular planes
255
If any number of areas be projected on different systems of rect
257
Case in which the formulas become simplified
263
Final reduction of the equation
269
Position of a plane determined so that if a given triangle be pro
276
The sum of the squares of the faces of the parallelopiped whose
279
PROBLEM XXIV
286

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الصفحة 67 - In a triangle, having given the ratio of the two sides, together with both the segments of the base, made by a perpendicular from the vertical angle, to determine the sides of the triangle.
الصفحة 160 - In article (100), it was found that the principal parameter is equal to 4m, the coefficient of x, in the equation of the curve, when referred to rectangular conjugates. By analogy, the coefficient 4r, when any system of conjugates are employed, is called the parameter of that diameter, which is taken for the axis of x, so that generally the parameter of any diameter is equal to four times the distance of its vertex from the focus. By equation (5) the parameter is always equal to the double ordinate,...
الصفحة 30 - To find the side of a regular octagon inscribed in a circle whose radius is known.
الصفحة 200 - Given the base and the sum of the sides of a triangle to find the locus of the centre of the circle touching the base, and the prolongation of the other two sides.
الصفحة 62 - Given the hypothenuse (10) of a right angled triangle, and the difference of two lines drawn from its extremities to the centre of the inscribed circle (2), to determine the base and perpendicular. Ans. 8.08004 and 5.87447 PROBLEM XIX.
الصفحة 104 - To draw a tangent to a circle from a given point without it. Let (a...
الصفحة 37 - In an isosceles triangle, the square of a line drawn from the vertex to any point in the base, together with the rectangle of the segments of the base, is equal to the square of one of the equal sides of the triangle.
الصفحة 201 - Given the base, an angle adjacent to the base, and the difference of the sides of a triangle, to construct it.
الصفحة 120 - From these expressions for y and z, it appears that for the same value of x, there are two values of y numerically equal, but having contrary signs ; hence the chord AB bisects all the chords drawn parallel to CD.
الصفحة 142 - A, which intimates that the hyperbola, like the ellipse, intersects the axis of x in two points, B, A, equidistant from O, the one to the right, and the other to the left, and that A expresses this distance. If, in the same equation, we suppose x = 0, we have for the corresponding value of y the expression y = V JA2 — c2^.

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