NOTES

ADDISON, JOSEPH (1672-1719).- Famous English poet, essayist, and statesman. Dr. Samuel Johnson once wrote, "Whoever wishes to attain an English style must give his days and nights to the volumes of Addison." The sketches of Sir Roger de Coverley, the country gentleman, and his associates, are among the masterpieces of English literature.

ALCOTT, LOUISA MAY (1832-1888). — American writer. Stories of hers which every girl should read are Little Women and An Old-Fashioned Girl. ALDRICH, THOMAS BAILEY (1836-1908). — An American poet, novelist, journalist, editor of the Atlantic Monthly (1881-1890). He wrote many good stories; for example, Marjorie Daw and Other People. Our selection has been taken from the famous book for boys, Story of a Bad Boy.

ANDREWS, MARY RAYMOND SHIPMAN.-A well-known American writer of short stories.

ARNOLD, MATTHEW (1822-1888). - Famous English critic and poet; professor of poetry in Oxford University. He wrote Sohrab and Rustum, The Scholar Gypsy, Balder Dead, and many sonnets.

BROWNING, ROBERT (1812-1889).- A famous English poet. He wrote many beautiful songs and impressive dramas. He was the author of The Pied Piper of Hamelin.

BROWNING, ELIZABETH BARRETT (1806-1861).-Famous English poet; wife of Robert Browning. Among her best-known poems are Sonnets from the Portuguese and Aurora Leigh.

BRYANT, WILLIAM CULLEN (1794-1878). —A noted American poet and journalist. At the age of twenty he published the poem, Thanatopsis. Many of his poems deal with nature.

BUNYAN, JOHN (1628-1688).— His best-known work is Pilgrim's Progress. The book is simply and clearly written, so that young people as well as older people can find pleasure in it. For more than two and a quarter centuries this book has been, with the exception of the Bible, the most widely read book in the English language. It has been translated into almost every language of the world.

BURNS, ROBERT (1759-1796). A famous Scottish lyric poet; one of the most beloved writers of the world, because he portrayed the common

experiences of his peasant life with humor and tender pathos. Besides the poem which we have printed, perhaps his most popular works are Tam O'Shanter and The Cotter's Saturday Night.

BURROUGHS, JOHN (1837- ). An American essayist. Mr. Burroughs has written with great sympathy about nature and animals. Some of his best books are Wake-Robin, Winter Sunshine, Birds and Poets, Fresh Fields. BUTTERWORTH, HEZEKIAH (1839-1905).-American poet, novelist, and miscellaneous writer.

BYRON, GEORGE NOEL GORDON, LORD (1788–1824). — Celebrated English poet. His best-known long poem is Childe Harold, in four cantos, describing the travels through Europe of a fictitious hero. The third canto, the most popular, gives a vivid account of the battle of Waterloo. Lord Byron wrote also The Prisoner of Chillon.

CARLYLE, THOMAS (1795-1881). - English essayist, philosopher, historian. His History of the French Revolution is good literature and good history. He wrote also a History of Frederick the Great. His most widely read books are Sartor Resartus and Heroes and Hero Worship.

CERVANTES SAAVEDRA, MIGUEL DE (1547-1616).- Famous Spanish novelist, author of one of the great books of the world, Don Quixote (1605-1615). This country gentleman, Don Quixote, stirred by thrilling tales of chivalry, starts with his squire, Sancho Panza, in search of knightly adventure. Our selection pictures one of these and this is typical of many others equally amusing.

CHURCH, REV. ALFRED JOHN (1829- ).English teacher and author. Chiefly known for his writings on ancient history.

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COLERIDGE, SAMUEL TAYLOR (1772-1834). — English poet. This selection has been taken from his most famous poem, The Ancient Mariner, which contains wonderful pictures of night and morning, of arctic and tropic seas. COOPER, JAMES FENIMORE (1789-1851).—The first important American novelist, author of the famous Leather-Stocking Tales, namely, Deerslayer, Last of the Mohicans, Pathfinder, Pioneers, Prairie. Natty Bumpo, the hero of these stories, is a type of the hardy and courageous pioneers who first settled in our country. Our selection has been made from The Spy, Cooper's first great story and one of his most widely read books.

COWPER, WILLIAM (1731-1800).— A celebrated English poet. Famous for his long poem, The Task, for the humorous tale, John Gilpin's Ride, and for many popular hymns. He had a sincere love of nature and of animals.

CURTIS, GEORGE WILLIAM (1824-1892).—Noted American orator, author, journalist, and editor of Harper's Weekly. He wrote a charming

little story called Prue and I. Our selection is taken from the speech made at the hundredth anniversary of the battle of Lexington.

DICKENS, CHARLES (1812-1870). — English novelist. Any boy or girl who does not know David and the story of his life in David Copperfield, Oliver in Oliver Twist, Little Nell in The Old Curiosity Shop, or Tiny Tim in the Christmas Carol, is still to become acquainted with some of the best friends he will ever know. Dickens did a great deal for the schools and the school children of England. He gave in his books such word pictures of the harshness with which children were treated and taught in the schools that people were led to investigate and finally to provide better rooms and teachers. EGGLESTON, EDWARD (1837-1902). - American novelist and historian. His best known books are The Hoosier Schoolmaster and The Hoosier Schoolboy. He wrote also a very popular History of the United States, and a series of historical studies on The Beginners of a Nation.

ELIOT, CHARLES WILLIAM (1834- ). A distinguished American educator, President of Harvard University from 1869-1909.

Eliot, George (1819-1880).—The pen name of Mrs. Mary Ann Evans Cross, English novelist. Among young people Silas Marner and The Mill on the Floss are very popular. In the latter book hot-headed, loving Maggie Tulliver grows up.

EMERSON, RALPH WALDO (1803-1882).. Famous American essayist and poet; one of our greatest thinkers. For many years he lectured on such subjects as Culture, Human Life, Nature, Representative Men, and aroused the young men of America to the importance of pure living and high thinking.

FINCH, FRANCIS M. (1827-1907). — American poet.

FORD, SEWELL, (1868– ).- American journalist and miscellaneous writer.

Fox, JOHN, JR. - American novelist. His works treat especially of life in the mountain districts of Tennessee and Kentucky.

FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN (1706-1790). - Celebrated American philosopher, statesman, diplomatist, and author; founder of the University of Pennsylvania. His chief literary work is an Autobiography.

GOETHE, JOHANN WOLFGANG VON (1749-1832).- Famous German poet, dramatist, and prose writer. His greatest works are Faust, a drama, and Wilhelm Meister, a novel.

GOLDSMITH, OLIVER (1728-1774). Famous English poet, novelist, and dramatist. His most popular poem is The Deserted Village, from which our poetic selection has been taken. His best-known story is The Vicar of

Wakefield, an account of the interesting and amusing experiences of the Primrose family. Our selection describes an adventure of the improvident Moses Primrose. To Goldsmith is also attributed the well-known story, Little Goody Two Shoes.

GRADY, HENRY W. (1851-1889).

American journalist and orator, editor of the Atlanta Constitution. The Homes of the People is a speech which he delivered at Elberton, Ga., only a few months before he died.

HALE, EDWARD EVERETT (1822-1909). — American author, editor, and clergyman. One of our country's grand old men. He has written many books for boys; such as Philip Nolan's Friends and the world-famous book, The Man Without a Country. Every child should read this book.

HARDING, SAMUEL BANNISTER (1866- ). American writer on historical subjects. Professor of history in Indiana University.

HEADLEY, JOEL TYLER (1813–1897). American writer on historical subjects. Author of Napoleon and His Marshals, and Life of Washington. HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881). American author, journalist, and editor. He has written several popular stories, containing pleasant pictures of New England. His best boy's book, Arthur Bonnicastle, is a story of Yankee life. Our selection is made from this book.

HOLMES, OLIVER WENDELL (1809-1894). American poet, essayist, and novelist. He wrote many humorous and patriotic poems and a very popular book, The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table. After that, he was often called The Autocrat.

HUGO, VICTOR MARIE (1802-1885).

- Famous French poet and novelist. His best work, from which The Battle of Waterloo is taken, is a long novel, Les Miserables, a story of a hero, Jean Valjean, in his attempt to lead a good life and his struggles against prejudice and wickedness.

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IRVING, WASHINGTON (1783-1859). American historian, essayist, and short-story writer. The first great American author. Perhaps his most popular book is The Sketch-Book, which contains Rip Van Winkle, Legend of Sleepy Hollow, and many other interesting stories.

JEWETT, SARAH ORNE (1849-1909). — American writer, who wrote especially stories of New England life.

JONSON, BEN (1573–1637). — Famous English dramatist, of the time of Shakespeare. His best plays are Every Man in His Humor and The Alchemist.

KEATS, JOHN (1795-1821). Famous English poet. Though he was only twenty-six when he died, he left some of the most beautiful poems in the language.

KIPLING, RUDYARD (1865– ).

English poet and short-story writer. He has written extensively of India, describing Anglo-Indian military and civil life. Children especially like his Jungle Books. LAMB, CHARLES (1775-1834). - Noted English essayist and humorist. He wrote the series of essays called Essays of Elia, which are filled with his personal likes and dislikes and reveal a loving and tender-hearted man. His affection for his sister Mary was especially beautiful. Together they wrote the Tales from Shakespeare, which have done much to interest boys and girls in Shakespeare's plays.

LANIER, SIDNEY (1842-1881). — American poet and critic, "the foremost singer of the South since Poe." He was passionately fond of music and wrote poems which sing melodiously of the live oaks with their "little green leaves," of the glimmering marsh, of the rising sun and the flooding sea. His best poems are Corn, Ballad of the Trees and the Master, The Marshes of Glynn, Song of the Chattahooche, and Hymns of the Marshes.

LARCOM, LUCY (1826-1893). - American poet; author of several volumes of poetry. Perhaps her best-known single poem is Poor Lone Hannah. LONGFELLOW, HENRY WADSWORTH (1807-1882). - The best known and most beloved American poet. Of his long poems the best are Evangeline, The Courtship of Miles Standish, Hiawatha, and Tales of a Wayside Inn. Longfellow was for many years a professor in Harvard college.

LOTI, PIERRE (his real name is Louis Marie Julien Viand) (1850– ). A famous French novelist. His comrades on a French training-ship named him Loti, after an Indian flower.

LOWELL, JAMES RUSSELL (1819-1891). - American poet, essayist, scholar, diplomat; professor at Harvard University, editor of Atlantic Monthly and North American Review, ambassador to Spain and to Great Britain. His Odes are probably the greatest odes written by an American poet. Besides his Vision of Sir Launfal, and his humorous and patriotic Biglow Papers, Lowell has written many interesting essays on great authors and great books.

MALORY, SIR THOMAS (about 1430-1470).

An Englishman. Author of

the prose romance, Morte d'Arthur. Little is known of him.

MATTHEWS, BRANDER (1852- ). Professor of English literature in Columbia University. Author of The Development of the Drama, Vignettes of Manhattan, and of many magazine articles.

MILLER, JOAQUIN (1841– ). American poet, born in Indiana. Most of his poems deal with western frontier life. MILTON, JOHN (1608-1674).

R-5th-25

After Shakespeare the greatest of English