them made was fo artfully concealed by their friends in England, that it was fcarce known or believed that the Highlanders were up in arms, before certain advice came that they had actually defeated the king's troops at Prefton-pans t. The pannic with which all were then feized, is well remembered. The archbishop gave the firft alarm, and awakened the nation from its lethargy. This will eternize his name, and place his image in the heart of every fincere proteftant. His example was fuccefsfully followed by the bishops and clergy in general. An affociation was entered into at York, and a fubfcription propofed, for money to raife troops for the defence of that county. The neighbouring nobility, gentry, and clergy, met for that purpofe at York-caftle, September 24, 1745; where his grace addrefied them in a noble fpeech, which had fuch an effect upon his auditory, that a fubfcription enfued to the amount of 40,000l. In 1747, he was tranflated to the fee of Canterbury, on the demife of Dr. Potter. His acceffion to the higheft dignity in the church, gave great joy to the friends of the prefent happy and excellent constitution in church and state. He refembled archbifhop Tillotfon in his known reluctance to accept of the first ftation in the church, with this peculiar circumftance of having before fhewn the highest qualifications for it, by a conduc in the fecond, from which the public intereft received its earliest fupport at its most dangerous crisis. In 1753, he was feized with a violent fever at Lambeth-house, which brought him to the brink of the grave; and though he did in fome measure recover, yet from that time he might be rather faid to languish than live. He retired to Croydon-declined all public bufiness,—and faw little other company than his relations and particular friends. After languifhing for about four years, he expired March 13, 1757; and, agreeable to the exprefs direction of his will, was interred in a private manner in the vault of Croydon church. He left to the incorporated fociety for the relief of the widows and fons of poor clergymen, the fum of 10001.-To the mafter and fellows of Corpus Chrifti college 1000l. He also expended upwards of 60001. in repairing and adorning the palaces and gardens of Lambeth and Croydon. One circumstance reflects peculiar honour on this worthy prelate that the dignities conferred on him, were unfolicited, and owing folely to his merit, which alone recommended him. He poffeft the virtues of public and private life in a most eminent degree-and was a true friend to civil and religious liberty. Adorned with the most valuable of all moral and intellectual accomplishments, he lived in the esteem of the wife, and good, and great, and died fincerely lamented by every friend to learning, truth, and virtue. His fermons, lately published, bear the strongest marks of unaffected piety and benevolence; and though, when read in the clofet, they lofe the graces of that elocution, which attracted admiration when pronounced from the pulpit, yet they will be read with pleafure "Conjurationem nofcentem non credendo, corroboraverunt." Cicero. fure by every fincere chriftian, as breathing the true fpirit of free dom. Of Sir WILLIAM DAWS, Bart. HE E was defcended from an ancient and honourable family in the county of Effex (born in 1671) educated at Merchant-taylors fchool, London-and from thence elected to St. John's college in Oxford, of which he was afterwards fellow. He was the youngest of four brothers, three of whom dying young, the title and estate of of the family fell to him. As foon as he had taken his firft degree in arts, and upon the family eftate devolving to him, he refigned his fellowship, and left Oxford. For fome time he applied his attention to the affairs of his eftate; but finding a greater propensity to intellectual studies, than rural purfuits, he entered into holy orders. Sir William did not long remain in the church without prefermenthis fortune and family conduced to his advancement, which is no uncommon cafe,-for these advantages often tend more to a perfon's promotion in the ecclefiaftical, as well as civil ftations of life, than all other natural or acquired abilities without them. Sir William was made master of Catharine-hall, in Cambridge, chaplain to Queen Anne, and dean of Bockin. In 1708, he was confecrated bishop of Chefter, and in 1713, tranflated to the archiepifcopal fee of York, on the demife of Dr. Sharp. Whilft he was at the univerfity, before he went into orders, he wrote the Anatomy of Atheism, a poem, dedicated to Sir George Darcy, Bart. printed in 1701, octavo. The defign of this piece (as his lordship declares in the preface) is to expofe the folly and prefumptions of those, who are arrived at that pitch of prophanenefs, as to think it wit to deny the existence of a deity, and to ridicule that which they cannot argue againft. Such impious characters are well delineated in the following lines: "See then our atheist all the world oppofe, "And, like Drawcanfir, make all men his foes; "See with what faucy pride he does pretend, "His wifer father's notions to amend; « Huffs Plutarch, Plato, Pliny, Seneca, And bids even Cicero himself give way; "Tells all the world they follow a falfe light, "And he alone, of all mankind, is right.' This amiable prelate was diftinguifhed for candour, humility, and that univerfal benevolence, which is the peculiar characteristic of true christianity. Secure in his own greatnefs, he feared no diminution of it; with a happy facility, he united the dignity of the prelate, with the eafe of the gentleman. He was efteemed an eloquent. preacher, and his charity was very extenfive. He expired April 30, 1724, in the 53d year of his age. He had a genius for poetry, but the duties of his exalted station diverted him from a purfuit of the muses. He publifhed fermons onvariousfubjects, particularly on the Eternity of Hell-torments, a doctrine which he endeavour endeavoured to vindicate, His humanity and candour was remarkably confpicuous to all; but with regard to his clergy, fo eafy of accefs,-fo affable and courteous, as to be entirely beloved by them. Of the Right Reverend Dr. GIBSON, Lord Bishop of London. T HIS eminent prelate was born in 1669. He appeared in early life, and made an uncommon proficiency in the most useful branches of literature. Nothing was too difficult for his ftudious ardour, indefatigable diligence, and profound erudition: the numerous productions of his pen display his fhining talents, abilities, and intenfe application to the improvement of the mind in arts and fciences. He was honoured with the patronage of archbishop Tennifon, and was appointed domeftic chaplain to his grace; who had a due fenfe of his eminent qualifications, and rewarded his merit accordingly. To enumerate his works would be unneceffary; they are in the cabinets of the curious; efteemed by the literati; and have done fignal service to the interefts of religion, morality, truth, and virtue. That work for which Dr. Gibfon was moft diftinguished, is his celebrated Codex (published in 1713.) The fcheme of this comprehenfive work was formed and profecuted by the particular encouragement and deferved patronage of archbishop Tennifon, whofe affiftance tended to the improvement of that plan, and to the execution of fo great a defign. This celebrated work engaged a confi derable part of Dr. Gibson's life; and when his judgment was matured by age and experience, and confequently qualified for the completion of fuch an elaborate performance, had he executed no other work, he might juftly be faid to have spent the best of his days in the fervice of the church and clergy;-but as he had the warmeft zeal for the interest of both, fo he gave other fignal instances of affection for them from time to time.-His judicious collection of the principal treatises against popery, and in defence of the reformation, -at a time when our li berties (both civil and religious) were in the moft imminent danger, must render his memory dear to every fincere proteftant, every true friend to our prefent moft happy and excellent conftitution in church and ftate. His Paftoral Letters are juftly esteemed as the moft masterly productions against infidelity and enthusiasm. With regard to bishop Gibson's private life, he was, in every refpect, a perfect ceconomist. His abilities were fo well adapted to difcharge the duties of the facred function, that during the incapacity of archbishop Wake, the tranfaction of ecclefiaftical affairs was committed to the bishop of London. He was a true friend to the established church and government, and as great an enemy to perfecution. He was ufually confulted by the most learned and exalted perfonages in church and state, and the greatest deference was paid to his judgment. He poffeft the focial virtues in an eminent degree, and his beneficence was very extenfive. His intenfe application * In the reign of king James the Second. ta to ftudies impaired his health, notwithstanding which he attained to his 79th year: he expired September 6th, 1748, after an epifcopate of near 33 years. THI Of the Right Reverend Dr. HOUGH, Lord Bishop of Worcester. HIS refpectable prelate was born in 1655. I fhall pafs over the former more private part of his life, and willingly Haften to that period, that critical juncture, in the reign of James the Second, when at the head of a fociety (St. Mary Magdalen college at Oxford) he made that noble ftand in defence of the reformation-of civil and religious liberty. In this laudable effort, it is difficult to decide whether his perfonal abilities, or patriotic virtues, fhone moft confpicuous. His public benefactions were very extenfive. He gave the fum of one thoufand pounds to Magdalen college, the place of his education, as well as fcene of his government for feveral years. He embraced every opportunity to patronize genius, encourage learning, and promote the interefts of ufeful knowledge. -- When his lordship was tranflated from Oxford to the fee of Litchfield and Coventry, he almoft rebuilt the palace of Ecclefhall. On the demife of bifhop Lloyd, he was tranflated to Worcester. On his acceffion to this fee, he gave a fignal proof of his unbounded generofity, in rebuilding great part of the epifcopal palace, and expended on that (and his feat at Hartlebury) at leaft 7oco 1. His private benefactions were equal to His his public; he was liberal, without profufion; and diftinguished for candour, and humanity. amiable virtues procured him the affection and veneration of the clergy, and the refpect and honour of the laity in general. It may not be improper to obferve, that Dr. Hough particularly excelled in epiftolary writinga branch of literature that requires peculiar talents, and in which art thould never want eafe, nor elegance lofe fight of nature. The folid ornaments of his moral excellencies claim our greatest regard. His piety was unaffected, and his virtues exemplary. The principles of religion had made a deep impreffion on his mind, fhone forth in his conduct with the most refulgent luftre, and animated his writings. A diffidence of our own abilities, and a defire to avoid thofe honours, which ambition greedily runs after, is a certain criterion, whereby to distinguish true merit, and real magnanimity. An inftance of this appeared in Dr. Hough, who actually declined to accept an offer made him of the highest ecclefiaftical dignity (vacant by the demife of Dr. Tennifon); the bishop of Worcester was contented with the exalted station he did enjoy, and afpired no higher. He died (fatisfied with a long life, equally full of days and honour) May 8, 1743, aged 92. During an epifcopacy of 53 years he difplayed an amiable pattern of thofe virtues, which are the ornaments of the religion he explained, and the faith he profeft. 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