INITIALS USED IN VOLUME XX. TO IDENTIFY INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTORS, WITH THE HEADINGS OF THE ARTICLES IN THIS VOLUME SO SIGNED. A. C. Se. A. F. P. A. G. D. A. G. H. A. Ha. A. J. L ALBERT CHARLES SEWARD, M.A., F.R.S. Professor of Botany in the University of Cambridge. Hon. Fellow of Emmanuel Palaeobotany: Mesozoic. ALBERT FREDERICK POLLARD, M.A., F.R.HIST.S. Professor of English History in the University of London. Fellow of All Souls' College, Oxford. Assistant Editor of the Dictionary of National Biography, 1893- Parker, Matthew. ARTHUR GEORGE DOUGHTY, M.A., LITT.D., C.M.G. Dominion Archivist of Canada. Member of the Geographical Board of Canada. Papineau. ALBERT GEORGE HADCOCK. Late R.A. Manager, Gun Department, Elswick Works, Newcastle-on-Tyne.. ADOLF HARNACK. See the biographical article: HARNACK, ADOLF. ANDREW JACKSON LAMOUREUX. Ordnance: History and Con struction. Origen. Librarian, College of Agriculture, Cornell University. Formerly Editor of the Rio Pará. A. Ma. A. M. Cl. A. N. A. P. H. {Papacy: 1087-13054 { ALEXANDER MACALISTER, M.A., M.D., LL.D., D.Sc., F.R.S., F.S.A. A. S.-P. { Patron and Client (in part). Oriole; Ornithology (in part); Osprey; Ostrich; Ousel; Orange Free State: History (in part). Paris: History (in part). Keeper of Geology, Natural History Museum, South Kensington. Secretary of Owen, Sir Richard; ARTHUR WAUGH, M.A. 1 New College, Oxford. Newdigate Prize, 1888. Author of Gordon in Africa: Alfred, ARTHUR WILLIAM HOLLAND. Formerly Scholar of St John's College, Oxford. Bacon Scholar of Gray's Inn, 1900. Palaeospondylus. Pater, Walter; Otto of Freising; Palatine; 'A complete list, showing all individual contributors, appears in the final volume. A. W. R. A. W. W. B. R. C. E.* C. F. A. C. H. Ha C. L. K. C. R. C. R. B. ALEXANDER WOOD RENTON, M.A., LL.B. Puisne Judge of the Supreme Court of Ceylon. Editor of Encyclopaedia of the Laws Patents (in part). ADOLPHUS WILLIAM WARD, LITT.D., LL.D. See the biographical article: WARD, A. W. SIR BOVERTON REDWOOD, D.Sc., F.R.S. (Edin.), F.I.C., Assoc.INST.C.E., ! M.INST.M.E. Pantomime. Adviser on Petroleum to the Admiralty, Home Office, India Office, Corporation of CHARLES EVERITT, M.A., F.C.S., F.G.S., F.R.A.S. CHARLES FRANCIS ATKINSON. Alkaloids. {Opium: Chemistry of the Opium Formerly Scholar of Queen's College, Oxford. Captain, 1st City of London (Royal Orleans: Campaign of 1870. CARLTON HUNTLEY HAYES, A.M., PH.D. Assistant Professor of History in Columbia University, New York City. Member of CHARLES LETHBRIDGE KINGSFORD, M.A., F.R.HIST.S., F.S.A. Assistant Secretary to the Board of Education. Author of Life of Henry V. Editor CLEMENT REID, F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S. Ozanam; Paschal II.; Oldcastle, Sir John; District Geologist on H.M. Geological Survey of England and Wales. Author of Palaeobotany: Tertiary. CHARLES RAYMOND BEAZLEY, M.A., D.LITT., F.R.G.S., F.R.HIST.S. Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford. DAVID HANNAY. Formerly British Vice-Consul at Barcelona. Author of Short History of the Royal· D. H. S. DUKINFIELD HENRY SCOTT, M.A., PH.D., LL.D., F.R.S. D. J. H. Orford, Earl of (Edward Russell); { President of the Linnean Society. Author of Structural Botany; Studies in Fossil Palaeobotany: Palaeozoic. DAVID JAMES HAMILTON, M.D., F.R.S. (Edin.) (1849-1909). Professor of Pathology, Aberdeen University, 1882-1907. Author of Text-Book of Pathology (in part). Abbot of Downside Abbey, Bath. Author of "The Lausiac History of Palladius," Olivetans; Pachomius, St. in Cambridge Texts and Studies. E. C. Q. EDMUND CROSBY QUIGGIN, M.A. Fellow, Lecturer in Modern Languages, and Monro Lecturer in Celtic, Gonville and Ode; Ohlenschläger; Ottava Rima; Overbury; Paludan-Müller; Pastoral, (Olympia (in part); Parthenon. E. H. M. Ed. M. E. M. H. E. M. T. E. M. W. E. 0.* E. Pr. F. C. C. F. G. P. ELLIS HOVELL MINNS, M.A. University Lecturer in Palaeography, Cambridge. Lecturer and Assistant Librarian Professor of Ancient History in the University of Berlin. Author of Geschichte des Pacorus; Parthia; Alterthums: Geschichte des alten Aegyptens; Die Israeliten und ihre Nachbarstämme. | Parysatis; Pasargadae. EDWARD MORELL HOLMES. Curator of the Museum of the Pharmaceutical Society, London. SIR EDWARD MAUNDE THOMPSON, G.C.B., I.S.O., D.C.L, LITT.D., LL.D. Fellow, Senior Tutor and Librarian of Queen's College, Oxford. EDMUND OWEN, M.B., F.R.C.S., LL.D., D.Sc. {Opium. Palaeography; Palimpsest; Olynthus. Consulting Surgeon to St Mary's Hospital, London, and to the Children's Hospital, Com Special Lecturer in Portuguese Literature in the University of Manchester. Fellow of the British Academy. Formerly Fellow of University College, Oxford. FREDERICK GYMER PARSONS, F.R.C.S., F.Z.S., F.R.ANTHROP.INST. Vice-President, Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Lecturer on See the biographical article: KиNOPFF, F. E. J. M. Oliveira Martins; Paul of Samosata; Olfactory System; {Painting: Modern Belgian Orange Free State (in part). Paterson, William. { Physician to Charing Cross Hospital. Pathologist to the London County Asylums. Paralysis. G. A. C.* G. B. B. Professor of Church History, University of Freiburg-im-Breisgau, 1878-1901. Papacy: 1870-1900. GEORGE ABRAHAM GRIERSON, C.I.E., PH.D., D.LITT. Member of the Indian Civil Service, 1873-1903. In charge of Linguistic Survey of India, 1898-1902. Gold Medallist, Royal Asiatic Society, 1909. Vice-President Pahari. of the Royal Asiatic Society. Formerly Fellow of Calcutta University. Author of REV. GEORGE ALBERT COOKE, D.D. Oriel Professor of the Interpretation of Holy Scripture, and Fellow of Oriel College, Palmyra. GERARD BALDWIN BROWN, M.A. Professor of Fine Art, University of Edinburgh. Formerly Fellow of Brasenose Painting. GEORGE BROWN GOODE (1851-1896). Assistant Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, 1887-1896. Author Oyster (in part). Professor of Mathematics and Dean of the Faculty of Arts, Edinburgh University. Pascal (in part). G. B. G. { G. E. G. H. C. REV. GEORGE EDMUNDSON, M.A., F.R.HIST.S. Formerly Fellow and Tutor of Brasenose College, Oxford. Ford's Lecturer, 1909. Hon. Member, Dutch Historical Society, and Foreign Member, Netherlands Associa Professor of Zoology in the Royal College of Science, Dublin. Author of Insects: Orthoptera. GEORGE SAINTSBURY, LL.D., D.C.L. See the biographical article: SAINTSBURY, GEORGE E. B. Professor of Pathology, Cambridge University. Fellow of Trinity Hall, Cambridge. Parasitic Diseases. H. F. B. H. F. G. H. F. O. H. F. P. H. Ja. HENRY BRADLEY, M.A., PH.D. HUGH CHISHOLM, M.A. Formerly Scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford. Editor of the 11th edition of Parliament (in part). SIR HUGH CHARLES CLIFFORD, K.C.M.G. Colonial Secretary, Ceylon. Fellow of the Royal Colonial Institute. Formerly Resident, Pahang. Colonial Secretary, Trinidad and Tobago, 1903-1907. Author of Pantun. Studies in Brown Humanity; Further India, &c. Joint-author of A Dictionary of Strickland Curator and Lecturer on Zoology in the University of Cambridge. Odontornithes. HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN, LL.D., D.Sc., F.R.S. (Edin.). Da Costa Professor of Zoology, Columbia University, New York. President, American Museum of Natural History, New York. Curator of Department of Palaeontology. HENRY FRANCIS PELHAM, LL.D., D.C.L. See the biographical article: PELHAM, HENRY FRANCIS. HENRY JACKSON, LITT.D., LL.D., O.M. Regius Professor of Greek in the University of Cambridge. Fellow of Trinity {otho, Marcus S. College. Fellow of the British Academy. Author of Texts to illustrate the History of Parmenides of Elea. |