Vib. Sequest. p. 18), and is generally considered to, ing to another reading, a city of the Massaliots, SECOR or SICOR (Σηκωρ ή Σικόρ λιμήν), ο SECURISCA (Zeкоúρiσка, Procop. de Aed. iv. 7. p. 292, ed. Bonn.), a town in Moesia Inferior, lying S. of the Danube, between Oescus and Novae. (Itin. Ant. p. 221; comp. Geogr. Rav. iv. 7; Theophyl. vii. 2.) Variously identified with Sohegurli, Sistov, and Tcherezelan. [T. H. D.] SEDELAUCUS. [SIDOLOCUS.] SEDETA'NI. [EDETANI.] SEDIBONIA TES, are placed by Pliny in Aqui SEBINUS LACUS (Lago d' Iseo), a large lake in the N. of Italy, at the foot of the Alps, formed by the waters of the river Ollius (Oglio), which after flowing through the land of the Camuni (the Val Camonica), are arrested at their exit from the mountains and form the extensive lake in question. It is not less than 18 miles in length by 2 or 3 in breadth, so that it is inferior in magnitude only to the three great lakes of Northern Italy; but its name is mentioned only by Pliny (ii. 103. s. 106, iii. 19. s. 23), and seems to have been little known in antiquity, as indeed is the case with the Lago dtania (iv. c. 19). He says, " Aquitani, unde nomen Iseo at the present day. It is probable that it derived its name from a town called Sebum, on the site of the modern Iseo, at its SE. extremity, but no mention of this name is found in ancient writers. (Cluver, Ital. P. 412.) [E. H. B.] SEBRIDAE (Ze6pída, Ptol. iv. 7. § 33), or SOBORIDAE (Zo6opída, Ptol. iv. 7. § 29), an Aethiopian race, situated between the Astaboras (Tacazze) and the Red Sea. They probably correspond with the modern Samhar, or the people of the "maritime tract." There is some likelihood that the Sembritae, Sebridae, and Soboridae are but various names, or corrupted forms of the name of one tribe of Aethiopians dweiling between the upper arms of the Nile and the Red Sea. [W. B. D.] SEBURRI (Ze6ouppoí and Zeouppoí, Ptol. ii. 6. § 27), a people in the NW. of Hispania Tarraconensis, on both banks of the Minius, probably a subdivision of the Callaici Bracarii. [T. H. D.] SECELA or SECELLA. [ZIKLAG.] SECERRAE, called by the Geogr. Rav. (iv. 42) and in a Cod. Paris. of the Itin. Ant. (p. 398) SETERRAE, a town of the Laeëtani in Hispania Tarraconensis, on the road from the Summum Pyrenaeum and Juncaria to Tarraco. Variously identified with S. Pere de Sercada, Arbucias, and San Seloni (properly Santa Colonia Sejerra). The last identification seems the most probable. [T. H. D.] The same SE'CIA (Secchia), a river of Gallia Cispadana, one of the southern tributaries of the Padus, which crosses the Via Aemilia a few miles W. of Modena. It is evidently the same stream which is called by Pliny the Gabellus; but the name of Secia, corresponding to its modern appellation of Secchia, is found in the Jerusalem Itinerary, which marks a station called Pons Secies, at a distance of 5 miles from Mutina. (Itin. Hier. p. 606.) bridge is called in an inscription which records its restoration by Valerian, in a. D. 259, Pons Seculae. (Murat. Inser. p. 460. 5; Orell. Inscr. 1002.) The Secchia is a considerable stream, having the character, like most of its neighbours, of a mountain [E. H. B.] SECOANUS (≥ŋkoavós, Steph. 8. v.), a river of the Massaliots, according to one reading, but accord torrent. provinciae, Sediboniates. Mox in oppidum contri- SEDU'NI, a people in the valley of the Upper SEDU'SII, a German tribe mentioned by Caesar (B. G. i. 51) as serving under Ariovistus; but as no particulars are stated about them, and as they are not spoken of by any subsequent writer, it is impossible to say to what part of Germany they belonged. Some regard them as the same as the Edusones mentioned by Tacitus (Germ. 40), and others identify them with the Phundusi whom Ptolemy (ii. 11. § 12) places in the Cimbrian Chersonesus ; but both conjectures are mere fancies, based on nothing but a faint resemblance of names. [L. S.] SEGALLAUNI (Zeyaλλavvoi, Ptol. ii. 10. § 11). Ptolemy places them west of the Allobroges, and he names as their town Valentia Colonia (Valence), near the Rhone. Pliny (iii. 4) names them Segovellauni, and places them between the Vocontii and the Allobroges; but he makes Valentia a town of the Cavares. [CAVARES.] [G. L.] SEGASAMUNCLUM (Zeyiσαμóукovλov, Рtol. ii. 6. § 53), a town of the Autrigones in Hispania Tarraconensis. (Itin Ant. p. 394.) Variously identified with S. Maria de Ribaredonda, Cameno, and Balluercanes. [T. H. D.] SEGE'SAMA (eyeoάua, Strab. iii. p. 162), or SEGESAMO and SEGISAMO (Itin. Ant. pp. 394, 449, 454; Orell. Inser. no. 4719), and SEGISAMONENSES of the inhabitants (Plin. iii. 3. s. 4), a town of the Murbogi or Turmodigi in Hispania Tarraconensis, on the road from Tarraco to Asturica, now called Sasamo, to the W of Briviesca. (Florez, Esp. Sagr. vi. p. 419, xv. p. 59.) [T. H. D.] SEGESSERA, in Gallia, is placed in the Table between Corobilium (Corbeil) and Andomatunum (Langres), and the distance of Segessera from each place is marked xxi. The site of Segessera is not certain. Some fix it at a place named Suzannecourt. [COROBILIUM.] [G. L.] SEGESTA (Zéyeora: Eth. ZeyeσTavós, Segestanus: Ru. near Calatafimi), a city of Sicily in the NW. part of the island, about 6 miles distant from the sea, and 34 W. of Panormus. Its name is always written by the Attic and other contemporary Greek writers EGESTA (Eyeσra: Eth. 'Eyeoraîos, Thuc. &c.), and it has hence been frequently asserted that it was first changed to Segesta by the Romans, for the purpose of avoiding the ill omen of the name of Egesta in Latin. (Fest. s.v. Segesta, p. 340.) This story is, however, disproved by its coins, which prove that considerably before the time of Thucydides it was called by the inhabitants themselves Segesta, though this form seems to have been softened by the Greeks into Egesta. The origin and foundation of Segesta is extremely obscure. The tradition current among the Greeks and adopted by Thucydides (Thuc. vi. 2; Dionys. i. 52; Strab. xiii. p. 608), ascribed its foundation to a band of Trojan settlers, fugitives from the destruction of their city; and this tradition was readily welcomed by the Romans, who in consequence claimed a kindred origin with the Segestans. Thucydides seems to have considered the Elymi, a barbarian tribe in the neighbourhood of Eryx and Segesta, as descended from the Trojans in question: but another account represents the Elymi as a distinct people, already existing in this part of Sicily when the Trojans arrived there and founded the two cities. [ELYMI.] A different story seems also to have been current, according to which Segesta owed its origin to a band of Phocians, who had been among the followers of Philoctetes; and, as usual, later writers sought to reconcile the two accounts. (Strab. vi. p. 272; Thuc. I. c.) Another version of the Trojan story, which would seem to have been that adopted by the inhabitants themselves, ascribed the foundation of the city to Egestus or Aegestus (the Acestes of Virgil), who was said to be the offspring of a Trojan damsel named Segesta by the river god Crimisus. (Serv. ad Aen. i. 550, v. 30.) We are told also that the names of Simois and Scamander were given by the Trojan colonists to two small streams which flowed beneath the town (Strab. xiii. p. 608); and the latter name is mentioned by Diodorus as one still in use at a much later period. (Diod. xx. 71.) It is certain that we cannot receive the statement of the Trojan origin of Segesta as historical; but what ever be the origin of the tradition, there seems no doubt on the one hand that the city was occupied by a people distinct from the Sicanians, the native race of this part of Sicily, and on the other that it was not a Greek colony. Thucydides, in enumerating the allies of the Athenians at the time of the Peloponnesian War, distinctly calls the Segestans barbarians; and the history of the Greek colonies in Sicily was evidently recorded with sufficient care and accuracy for us to rely upon his authority when he pronounces any people to be non-Hellenic. (Thuc. vii. 57.) At the same time they appear to have been, from a very early period, in close connection with the Greek cities of Sicily, and entering into relations both of hostility and alliance with the Hellenic states, wholly different from the other barbarians in the island. The early influence of Greek civilisation is shown also by their coins, which are inscribed with Greek characters, and bear the unquestionable impress of Greek art. The first historical notice of the Segestans transmitted to us represents them as already engaged (as early as B. C. 580) in hostilities with the Selinuntines, which would appear to prove that both cities had already extended their territories so far as to come into contact with each other. By the timely assistance of a body of Cnidian and Rhodian emigrants under Pentathlus, the Segestans at this time obtained the advantage over their adversaries. (Diod. v. 9.) A more obscure statement of Diodorus relates that again in B. c. 454, the Segestans were engaged in hostilities with the Lilybaeans for the possession of the territory on the river Mazarus. (Id. xi. 86.) The name of the Lilybaeans is here certainly erroneous, as no town of that name existed till long afterwards [LILYBAEUM]; but we know not what people is really meant, though the presumption is that it is the Selinuntines, with whom the Segestans seem to have been engaged in almost perpetual disputes. It was doubtless with a view to strengthen themselves against these neighbours that the Segestans took advantage of the first Athenian expedition to Sicily under Laches (B. C. 426), and concluded a treaty of alliance with Athens. (Thuc. vi. 6.) This, however, seems to have led to no result, and shortly after, hostilities having again broken out, the Selinuntines called in the aid of the Syracusans, with whose assistance they obtained great advantages, and were able to press Segesta closely both by land and sea. In this extremity the Segestans, having in vain applied for assistance to Agrigentum, and even to Carthage, again had recourse to the Athenians, who were, without much difficulty, persuaded to espouse their cause, and send a fleet to Sicily, B. c. 416. (Thuc. vi. 6; Diod. xii. 82.) It is said that this result was in part attained by fraud, the Segestans having deceived the Athenian envoys by a fallacious display of wealth, and led them to conceive a greatly exaggerated notion of their resources. ever, actually furnished 60 talents in ready money, and 30 more after the arrival of the Athenian armament. (Thuc. vi. 8, 46; Diod. xii. 83, xiii. 6.) They, how But though the relief of Segesta was thus the original object of the great Athenian expedition to Sicily, that city bears little part in the subsequent operations of the war. Nicias, indeed, on arriving in the island. proposed to proceed at once to Selinus, and compel that people to submission by the display of their formidable armament. But this advice was overruled: the Athenians turned their arms against Syracuse, and the contest between | sequence besieged by a Carthaginian force, and were Segesta and Selinus was almost forgotten in the at one time reduced to great straits, but were relieved more important struggle between those two great by the arrival of Duilius, after his naval victory, powers. In the summer of B. c. 415 an Athenian B. C. 260. (Pol. i. 24.) Segesta seems to have been fleet, proceeding along the coast, took the small town one of the first of the Sicilian cities to set the examof Hyccara, on the coast, near Segesta, and made it ple of defection from Carthage; on which account, over to the Segestans. (Thuc. vi. 62; Diod. xiii. as well as of their pretended Trojan descent, the in6.) The latter people are again mentioned on more habitants were treated with great distinction by the than one occasion as sending auxiliary troops to Romans. They were exempted from all public burassist their Athenian allies (Thuc. vii. 57; Diod. xiii. dens, and even as late as the time of Cicero continued 7); but no other notice occurs of them. The final to be "sine foedere immunes ac liberi." (Cic. Verr. defeat of the Athenians left the Segestans again ex- iii. 6, iv. 33.) After the destruction of Carthage, posed to the attacks of their neighbours the Seli- Scipio Africanus restored to the Segestans a statue nuntines; and feeling themselves unable to cope of Diana which had been carried off by the Carthawith them, they again had recourse to the Carthaginians, probably when they obtained possession of ginians, who determined to espouse their cause, and sent them, in the first instance, an auxiliary force of 5000 Africans and 800 Campanian mercenaries, which sufficed to ensure them the victory over their rivals, B. C. 410. (Diod. xiii. 43, 44.) But this was followed the next year by a vast armament under Hannibal, who landed at Lilybaeum, and, proceeding direct to Selinus, took and destroyed the city. (Ib. 54-58.) This was followed by the destruction of Himera; and the Carthaginian power now became firmly established in the western portion of Sicily. Segesta, surrounded on all sides by this formidable neighbour, naturally fell gradually into the position of a dependent ally of Carthage. It was one of the few cities that remained faithful to this alliance even in B. c. 397, when the great expedition of Dionysius to the W. of Sicily and the siege of Motya seemed altogether to shake the power of Carthage. Dionysius in consequence laid siege to Segesta, and pressed it with the utmost vigour, especially after the fall of Motya; but the city was able to defy his efforts, until the landing of Himilco with a formidable Carthaginian force changed the aspect of affairs, and compelled Dionysius to raise the siege. (Id. xiv. 48, 53-55.) From this time we hear little more of Segesta till the time of Agathocles, under whom it suffered a great calamity. The despot having landed in the W. of Sicily on his return from Africa (E. c. 307), and being received into the city as a friend and ally, suddenly turned upon the inhabitants on a pretence of disaffection, and put the whole of the citizens (said to amount to 10,000 in number) to the sword, plundered their wealth, and sold the women and children into slavery. He then changed the name of the city to Dicaeopolis, and assigned it as a residence to the fugitives and deserters that had gathered around him. (Diod. xx. 71.) It is probable that Segesta never altogether recovered this blow; but it soon resumed its original name, and again appears in history as an independent city. Thus it is mentioned in B. C. 276, as one of the cities which joined Pyrrhus during his expedition into the W. of Sicily. (Diod. xxii. 10. Exc. H. p. 498.) It, however, soon after fell again under the power of the Carthaginians; and it was probably on this occasion that the city was taken and plundered by them, as alluded to by Cicero (Verr. iv. 33); a circumstance of which we have no other account. It continued subject to, or at least dependent on that people, till the First Punic War. In the first year of that war (B. C. 264) it was attacked by the consul Appius Claudius, but without success (Diod. xxiii. 3. p. 501); but shortly after the inhabitants put the Carthaginian garrison to the sword, and declared for the alliance of Rome. (lb. 5. p. 502; Zonar. viii. 9.) They were in con the city after the departure of Pyrrhus. (Cic. Verr. iv. 33.) During the Servile War also, in B. c. 102, the territory of Segesta is again mentioned as one of those where the insurrection broke out with the greatest fury. (Diod. xxxvi. 5, Exc. Phot.p. 534.) But with the exception of these incidental notices we hear little of it under the Roman government. It seems to have been still a considerable town in the time of Cicero, and had a port or emporium of its own on the bay about 6 miles distant (Tò Tŵv AlyeoTév éμπópiov, Strab. vi. pp. 266, 272; Zeyeσтavŵv μmóρiov, Ptol. iii. 4. § 4). This emporium seems to have grown up in the days of Strabo to be a more important place than Segesta itself: but the continued existence of the ancient city is attested both by Pliny and Ptolemy; and we learn from the former that the inhabitants, though they no longer retained their position of nominal independence, enjoyed the privileges of the Latin citizenship. (Strab. I. c.; Plin. iii. 8. s. 14; Ptol. iii. 4. § 15.) It seems, however, to have been a decaying place, and no trace of it is subsequently found in history. The site is said to have been finally abandoned, in consequence of the ravages of the Saracens, in a. D. 900 (Amico, ad Fazell. Sic. vii. 4. not. 9), and is now wholly desolate; but the town of Castell 'a Mare, about 6 miles distant, occupies nearly, if not precisely, the same site as the ancient emporium or port of Segesta. The site of the ancient city is still marked by the ruins of a temple and theatre, the former of which is one of the most perfect and striking ruins in Sicily. It stands on a hill, about 3 miles NW. of Calatafimi, in a very barren and open situation. It is of the Doric order, with six columns in front and fourteen on each side (all, except one, quite perfect, and that only damaged), forming a parallelogram of 162 feet by 66. From the columns not being fluted, they have rather a heavy aspect; but if due allowance be made for this circumstance, the architecture is on the whole a light order of Doric; and it is probable, therefore, that the temple is not of very early date. From the absence of fluting, as well as other details of the architecture, there can be no doubt that it never was finished, -the work probably being interrupted by some political catastrophe. This temple appears to have stood, as was often the case, outside the walls of the city, at a short distance to the W. of it. The latter occupied the summit of a hill of small extent, at the foot of which flows, in a deep valley or ravine, the torrent now called the Fiume Gaggera, a confluent of the Fiume di S. Bartolomeo, which flows about 5 miles E. of Segesta. The latter is probably the ancient Crimisus [CRIMISUS], celebrated for the great victory of Timoleon over the Carthaginians, while the Gaggera must probably be the stream called by Diodorus (xx. 71) the Scamander Two other streams are mentioned by Aelian (V. H. ii. 33) in connection with Segesta, the Telmessus and the Porpax; but we are wholly at a loss to determine them. Some vestiges of the ancient walls may still be traced; but almost the only ruins which remain within the circuit of the ancient city are those of the theatre. These have been lately cleared out, and exhibit the praecinctio and sixteen rows of seats, great part in good preservation. The general form and arrangement are purely Greek; and the building rests at the back on the steep rocky slope of the hill, out of which a considerable part of it has been excavated. It is turned towards the N. and commands a fine view of the broad bay of Castell 'a Mare. (For a more detailed account of the antiquities of Segesta, see Swinburne's Travels, vol. ii. pp. 231235; Smyth's Sicily, pp. 67, 68; and especially Serra di Falco, Antichità della Sicilia, vol. i. pt. ii.) Ancient writers mention the existence in the territory of Segesta of thermal springs or waters, which seem to have enjoyed considerable reputation (Tà Sepuà udara Alyeσraia, Strab. vi. p. 275; Sepuà XovTpà Tà 'Eyeσraîa, Diod. iv. 23). These are apparently the sulphureous springs at a spot called Calametti, about a mile to the N. of the site of the ancient city. (Fazell. Sic. vii. 4.) They are mentioned in the Itinerary as Aquae Segestanae sive Pincianae " (Itin. Ant. p. 91); but the origin of the latter name is wholly unknown. 66 The coins of Segesta have the figure of a dog on the reverse, which evidently alludes to the fable of the river-god Crimisus, the mythical parent of Aegestus, having assumed that form. (Serv. ad Aen. i. 550, v. 30; Eckhel, vol. i. 234.) The older coins (as already observed) uniformly write the name ZEREZTA, as on the one annexed: those of later date, which are of copper only, bear the legend ΕΓΕΣΤΑΙΩΝ (Eckhel, c. p. 236). [E. H. B] SEGESTA (Sestri), a town on the coast of Liguria, mentioned by Pliny, in describing the coast of that country from Genua to the Macra. (Plin. iii. 5. s. 7.) He calls it Segesta Tigulliorum; so that it seems to have belonged to a tribe of the name of the Tigullii, and a town named Tigullia is mentioned by him just before. Segesta is commonly identified with Sestri (called Sestri di Levante to distinguish it from another place of the name), a considerable town about 30 miles from Genoa, while Tigullia is probably represented by Tregoso, a village about 2 miles further inland, where there are considerable Roman remains. Some of the MSS. of Pliny, indeed, have "Tigullia intus, et Segesta Tigulliorum," which would seem to point clearly to this position of the two places. (Sillig, ad loc.) It is probable, also, that the Tegulata of the Itineraries (Itin. Ant. p. 293) is identical with the Tigullia of Pliny. [E. H. B.] SEGESTA, or SEGESTICA. [SISCIA.] SEGIDA (Zeyida, Strabo, iii. p. 162). 1. A town of the Arevaci in Hispania Tarraconensis. According to Appian, who calls it Zeynōn (vi. 44), it belonged to the tribe of the Belli, and was 40 stadia in circumference. Stephanus B. (s. v.) calls it. Zeyion, and makes it a town of the Celtiberians, of whom indeed the Arevaci and Belli were only subordinate tribes. Segida was the occasion of the first Celtiberian War (Appian, l. c.), and was probably the same place called Segestica by Livy (xxxiv. 17). 2. A town of Hispania Baetica, with the surname Restituta Julia. (Plin. iii. 1. s. 3.) [T. H. D.] SEGISA (yioa, Ptol. ii. 6. § 61), a town of the Bastitani in Hispania Tarraconensis, perhaps the modern Sehegin. [T. H.D.] SEGI'SAMA and SEGISAMA JULIA (eyioaua 'Iovλía, Ptol. ii. 6. § 50), a town of Hispania Tarraconensis. We find the inhabitants mentioned by Pliny as Segisamajulienses (iii. 3. s. 4). Ptolemy ascribes the town to the Vaccaei, but Pliny to the Turmodigi, whence we may probably conclude that it lay on the borders of both those tribes. The latter author expressly distinguishes it from Segisamo. [T. H. D.] SEGISAMO. [SEGESAMA.] SEGISAMUNCLUM. [SEGASAMUNCLUM.] SEGNI, a German tribe in Belgium, mentioned by Caesar (B. G. vi. 32) with the Condrusi, and placed between the Eburones and the Treviri. In B. G. ii. 4 Caesar speaks of the Condrusi, Eburones, Caeraesi, and Paemani, "qui uno nomine Germani appellantur;" but he does not name the Segni in that passage. There is still a place named Sinei or Signei near Condroz, on the borders of Namur; and this may indicate the position of the Segni. [G. L.] SEGOBO'DIUM in Gallia, placed in the Table on a road from Andomatunum (Langres) to Vesontio (Besançon). The Itin. gives the same road, but omits Segobodium. D'Anville supposes Segobodium to be Seveux, which is on the Saône, and in the direction between Besançon and Langres. [G. L.] SEGOBRIGA (Zeyóspiya, Ptol. ii. 6. § 58). 1. The capital of the Celtiberi in Hispania Tarraconensis. (Plin. iii. 3. s. 4.) It lay SW. of Caesarangusta, and in the jurisdiction of Carthago Nova. (Plin. l. c.) The surrounding district was celebrated for its talc or selenite. (Id. xxxvi. 22. s. 45.) It must have been in the neighbourhood of Priego, where, near Pennaescrite, considerable ruins are still to be found. (Florez, Esp. Sagr. vii. p. 61.) For coins see Sestini, i. p. 193. (Cf. Strab. iii. p. 162; Front. Strat. iii. 10. 6.) 2. A town of the Edetani in Hispania Tarraconensis, known only from inscriptions and coins, the modern Segorbe. (Florez, Esp. Sagr. v. p. 21, viii. p. 97, and Med. pp. 573, 650; Mionnet, i. p. 50, and Supp. i. p. 102.) [T. H. D.] SEGODU'NUM (Zeyódouvov). Ptolemy (ii. 7. § 21) calls Segodunum the chief town of the Ruteni [RUTENI], a Gallic people west of the Rhone, in the Aquitania of Ptolemy. In some editions of Ptolemy the reading is Segodunum or Etodunum. In the Table the name is Segodum, which is probably a corrupt form; and it has the mark of a chief town. It was afterwards called Civitas Rutenorum, whence the modern name Rodez, on the Aveyron, in the department of Aveyron, of which it is the chief town. [G. L.] SEGODU'NUM (Zeyódovvor), a town of southern Germany, probably in the country of the Hermunduri, is, according to some, the modern Würzburg. (Ptol. ii. 11. § 29; comp. Wilhelm, Germanien, p. 209.) [L. S.] SEGO'NTIA. 1. A town of the Celtiberi in Hispania Tarraconensis, 16 miles from Caesaraugusta. (Itin. Ant. pp 437, 439.) Most probably identical with the Seguntia of Livy (xxxiv. 19). The modern Rueda, according to Lapie. 2. (Zeуorτía пaрáμika, Ptol. ii. 6. § 66), a town of the Barduli in Hispania Tarraconensis. [T. H. D.] SEGONTIACI, a people in the S. part of Britannia, in Hampshire. (Camden, pp. 84, 146; Caes. B. G. v. 21; Orelli, Inscr. 2013.) [T. H. D.] SEGOʻNTIUM, a city in the NW. part of Britannia Secunda, whence there was a road to Deva. (Itin. Ant. p. 482.) It is the modern Caernarvon, the little river by which is still called Sejont. (Camden, p. 798.) It is called Seguntio by the Geogr. Rav. (v. 31). [T. H. D.] SEGORA, in Gallia, appears in the Table on a road from Portus Namnetuin (Nantes) to Limunum, or Limonum (Poitiers). D'Anville supposes that Segora is Bressuire, which is on the road from Nantes to Poitiers. [G. L.] SEGOSA, in Gallia, is placed by the Antonine Itin. on a road from Aquae Tarbellicae (Dax) to Burdigala (Bordeaux). The first station from Aquae Tarbellicae is Mosconnum, or Mostomium, the site of which is unknown. The next is Segosa, which D'Anville fixes at a place named Escoussé or Escoursé. But he observes that the distance, 28 Gallic leagues, between Aquae and Segosa is less than the distance in the Itin. [G. L.J SEGOVELLAUNI. [SEGALLAUNI.] SEGOVIA (Zeyovsía, Ptol. ii. 6. § 56). 1. A town of the Arevaci in Hispania Tarraconensis, on the road from Emerita to Caesaraugusta. (Itin. Ant. p. 435; Plin. iii. 3. s. 4; Flor. iii. 22.) It still exists under the ancient name. For coins see Florez (Med. ii. p. 577), Mionnet (i. p. 51, and Suppl. i. p. 104), and Sestini (p. 196). 2. A town of Hispania Baetica, on the river Silicense. (Hirt. B. A. 57.) In the neighbourhood of Sacili or the modern Perabad. [T. H. D.] SEGUSIA'NI (Σεγοσιανοί or Σεγουσιανοί), Gallic people. When Caesar (B. C. 58) was leading against the Helvetii the troops which he had raised in North Italy, he crossed the Alps and reached the territory of the Allobroges. From the territory of the Allobroges he crossed the Rhone into the country of the Segusiani: "Hi sunt extra Provinciam trans Rhodanum primi." (B. G. i. 10.) He therefore places them in the angle between the Rhone and the Saône, for he was following the Helvetii, who had not yet crossed the Saone. In another place (vii. 64) he speaks of the Aedui and Segusiani as bordering on the Provincia, and the Segusiani were dependents of the Aedui (vii. 75). Strabo (iv. p. 186) places the Segusiani between the Rhodanus and the Dubis (Doubs), on which D'Anville remarks that he ought to have placed them between the Rhone and the Loire. But part of the Segusiani at least were west of the Rhone in Caesar's time, as he plainly tells us, and therefore some of them were between the Rhone and the Doubs, though this is a very inaccurate way of fixing their position, for the Doubs ran through the territory of the Sequani. Lugdunum was in the country of the Segusiani. [LUGDUNUM.] Pliny gives to the Segusiani the name of Liberi (iv. 18). Baiter In Cicero's oration Pro P. Quintio (c. 25), a Gallic people named Sebaguinos, Sebaginnos, with several other variations, is mentioned. The reading "Sebusianos" is a correction of Lambinus. (Orelli's Cicero, 2nd ed.) has written "Segusiavos " in this passage of Cicero on his own authority; but there is no name Segusiavi in Gallia. It is probable that the true reading is "Segusianos." Ptolemy (ii. 8. § 14) names Rodumna (Roanne) and Forum Segusianorum as the towns of the Segusiani, which shows that the Segusiani in his time extended to the Loire [RODUMNA]; and the greater part of their territory was probably west of the Rhone and Saône. Mionnet, quoted by Ukert (Gallien, p. 320), has a medal which he supposes to belong to the Segusiani. [G. L.] SEGU'SIO (Σεγούσιον : Eth. Σεγουσιανός, Segusinus: Susa), a city of Gallia Transpadana, situated at the foot of the Cottian Alps, in the valley of the Duria (Dora Riparia), at the distance of 35 miles from Augusta Taurinorum (Turin). It was the capital of the Gaulish king or chieftain Cottius, from whom the Alpes Cottiae derived their name, and who became, in the reign of Augustus, a tributary or dependent ally of the Roman Empire. Hence, when the other Alpine tribes were reduced to subjection by Augustus, Cottius retained the government of his territories, with the title of Praefectus, and was able to transmit them to his son, M. Julius Cottius, upon whom the emperor Claudius even conferred the title of king. It was not till after the death of the younger Cottius, in the reign of Nero, that this district was incorporated into the Roman Empire, and Segusio became a Roman municipal town. (Strab. iv. pp. 179, 204; Plin. iii. 20. s. 24; Amm. Marc. xv. 10.) It was probably from an early period the chief town in this part of the Alps and the capital of the surrounding district. It is situated just at the junction of the route leading from the Mont Genèvre down the valley of the Dora with that which crosses the Mont Cenis; both these passages were among the natural passes of the Alps, and were doubtless in use from a very early period, though the latter seems to have been unaccountably neglected by the Romans. The road also that was in most frequent use in the latter ages of the Republic and the early days of the Empire to arrive at the pass of the Cottian Alps or Mont Genèvre, was not that by Segusio up the valley of the Duria, but one which ascended the valley of Fenestrelles to Ocelum (Ureau), and from thence crossed the Col de Sestrieres to Scingomagus (at or near Cesanne), at the foot of the actual pass of the Genèvre. This was the route taken by Caesar in B. C. 58, and appears to have still been the one most usual in the days of Strabo (Caes. B. G. i. 10; Strab. iv. p. 179); but at a later period the road by Segusio seems to have come into general use, and is that given in the Itineraries. (Itin. Ant. pp. 341, |