to Dacia Interior, and made its capital. (Theodoret. Hist. Eccl. ii. 4.) It lay in a fruitful plain, at the spot where the sources of the Oescus united, and on the high-road from Naissus to Philippopolis, between Meldia and Burburaca. (Itin. Ant. p. 135; Itin. Hierosol. p. 567.) From the time of Aurelian it bore on its coins the surname of Ulpia; probably because, when Dacia was relinquished, the name of that Dacian town was transferred to it, and its inhabitants, perhaps, located there. The emperor Maximian was born in its neighbourhood. (Eutrop. ix. 14, 22.) It was destroyed by Attila (Priscus, de Legat. p. 49), but shortly afterwards restored. In the middle ages it occurs under the name of Triaditza (Tpiádır Ça, Niceph. Chron. Ann. Is. Angeli, iii. p. 214; Aposp. Geogr. in Hudson, iv. p. 43), which was perhaps its original Thracian appellation, and which is still retained in the dialect of the inhabitants. (See Wesseling, ad Itin. Ant. l. c.) Its extensive ruins lie to the S. of Sophia. (Comp. Procop. de Aed. iv. 1. p. 267, 4. p. 282; Hierocl. p. 654; Amm. Marc. xxxi. 16; Gruter, Inscr. p. 540. 2; Orelli, nos. 3548, 5013.) The Geogr. Rav. (iv. 7) incorrectly writes the name Sertica, since it was derived from the Thracian tribe of the Serdi. It is called by Athanasius (Apol. contra Arianos, p. 154) Σαρδῶν πόλις. [T. H. D.] SERE'NA, a town in Lower Pannonia, on the south bank of the Danube, on the road from Poetovium to Mursa. (It. Hieros. p. 562; Geog. Rav. iv. 19, where it is called Serenis; Tab. Peut., where its name is Serona.) It is thought to have occupied the site of the modern Moszlavina. [L. S.]

SERES. [SERICA.]

SERE TIUM (Zepériov, Dion Cass. lvi. 12), a fortified town of Dalmatia, which with Rhaetimus was captured by Germanicus in the campaign of [E. B. J.]

A. D. 7.

SERGU'NTIA (Zepyovvria, Strab. iii. p. 162), a small town of the Arevaci on the Durius, in Hispania Tarraconensis. Ukert (ii. pt. i. p. 455) takes it to have been the Zápyarea of Stephanus B. (8. v.) [T. H. D.]

SE'RIA (Zépia, Ptol. ii. 4. § 12), a town of the Turdetani in Hispania Baetica, with the surname of Fama Julia. (Plin. iii. 1. s. 3.) It lay E. of the mouth of the Anas, and N. of Baetis. [T. H.D.]

SERIA'NE, a city of Syria mentioned in the Itinerary of Antoninus as xviii. M. P. distant from Androna, which was xxvii. M.P. from Calcis, cxxxviii. M.P. from Dolicha, now Doluc. (Itin. Ant. pp. 194, 195.) Mannert thinks that it corresponds in situation with the Chalybon (Xaλv6wv) of Ptolemy (v. 15. §17), which gave its name to a district of Syria Chalybonitis. It is certainly identical with the modern Siria, 2 long days SE. of Aleppo, in the desert, the ruins of which were discovered and described by Pietro della Valle. (Mannert, Geographie, part vi. vol. i. p. 411.) [G. W.]

SE'RICA (Enpin, Ptol. vi. 16. §§ 1, 3 4, 6, vii. 2. § 1, 3. § 1, 5. § 1, viii. 24. §§ 1, 5, 27. § 2. &c.), a tract of country in the E. part of Asia, inhabited by the people called Seres. According to the description of Ptolemy, it was bounded on the W. by Seythia extra Imaum, on the NE. by an unknown land, on the E. by Sinae, and on the S. by India. Pliny on the contrary (vi. 13. s. 15) seems to extend it on the E. as far as the coast of Asia, as he mentions an Oceanus Sericus, and in another place (b. 17. s. 20) speaks of a promontory and bay. Modern opinions vary respecting its site; but

the best geographers, as Rennell, D'Anville, and Heeren, concur in placing it at the NW. angle of the present empire of China. (See Yates, Textrinum Antiq. p. 232, note). The name of Serica, as a country, was not known before the first century of our era, though there are earlier accounts of the people called Seres. It seems highly improbable, however, that they were known to Hecataeus, and the passage on which that assumption is founded occurs only in one MS. of Photius. They are first mentioned by Ctesias (p. 371, n. 22, ed. Bähr); but according to Mela (iii. 7) they were in his time known to all the world by means of their commerce. On the nothern borders of their territories were the more eastern skirts of the mountains Annibi and Auxacii (the Altai), which stretched as far as here from Scythia. In the interior of the country were the Montes Asmiraei, the western part of the Da-Uri chain; and towards the southern borders the Casii Montes (now Khara, in the desert of Gobi), together with a southern branch called Thagurus, which trended towards the river Bautisus (Hoang-ho.) On the farther side of that river lay the Ottorocorras, the most eastern branch of the Emodi mountains, called by Ptolemy (vi. 16. § 5) tà Enpiká ŏpn. Among the rivers of the country, the same author (Ib. §3) names, in its northern part, the Oechardes (probably the Selenga), and, in the S., the Bautes or Bautisus (Hoang-ho), which flowed towards the land of Sinae. Pliny, however (l. c.), mentions several other rivers, which seem to have been coast ones, as the Psitaras, Cambari, Lanos, and Atianos, as well as the promontory of Chryse and the bay of Cyrnaba. Serica enjoyed a serene and excellent climate, and possessed an abundance of cattle, trees, and fruits of all kinds (Amm. Marc. xxxiii. 6. § 64; Plin. l. c.). Its chief product, however, was silk, with which the inhabitants carried on a very profitable and most extensive commerce (Strab. xv. p. 693; Arist. Hist. Nat. v. 19; Virg. Georg. ii. 121; Plin. and Amm. ll. cc. &c.). Pliny records (xi. 22. s. 26), that a Greek woman of Cos, named Pamphila, first invented the expedient of splitting these substantial silken stuffs, and of manufacturing those very fine and veil-like dresses which became so celebrated under the name of Coae vestes. Both Serica and its inhabitants are thought to have derived their name from their staple product, since, as we learn from Hesychius (s. v. Enpes), the insect, from the web of which the brilliant stuff called holosericon was prepared, was named Ser (Ep). (Comp. Klaproth, Sur les Noms de la Chine in the Mém. rel. à l'Asie, iii. p. 264; and Tableaux Hist. de l'Asie, pp. 57 and 68.) It has been doubted, however, from the apparent improbability that any people should call themselves Seres, or silkworms, whether the name of Seres was ever really borne by any nation; and it has been conjectured that it was merely a mercantile appellation by which the natives of the silk district were known. (Latham, in Class. Mus. vol. iii. p. 43, seq.) Lassen (Ind. Alt. i. p. 321) has produced from the Mahabharata, ii. 50, as the real names of the Seres, those of Caka, Tukhara, and Kanka, who are represented as bringing just the same goods to market as are ascribed by Pliny (xxxiv. 14. s. 41) to the Seres, namely, wool, skins, and silk. Yet, though it may be allowed to be improbable that a people should have called themselves "Silkworms," yet it seems hardly less so that such an appellation should have been given them by foreigners, and that they should have been known by it and no other for a

period of several centuries. On the other hand, may it not be possible that the product was called after the people, instead of the people after the product? We are not without examples of an analogous procedure; as, for instance, the name of the phasis, or pheasant, from the river Phasis; of our own word currants, anciently and properly Corinths, from the place whence that small species of grape was originally brought, &c. However this may be, we may refer the reader who is desirous of a further account of the origin and manufacture of silk, to an excellent dissertation in the Textrinum Antiquarum. of Mr. Yates (part i. p. 160, seq.), where he will find all the passages in ancient authors that bear upon the subject carefully collected and discussed.

Besides its staple article, Serica also produced a vast quantity of precious stones of every kind (Expos. tot. Mundi, ap. Hudson, iii. p. 1, seq.), as well as iron, which was esteemed of a better quality even than the Parthian (Plin. l. c.) and skins (Per. M. Erythr. p. 22; Amm. l. c.)

According to Pausanias (vi. 22. § 2) the Seres were a mixture of Scythians and Indians. They are mentioned by Strabo (xv. p. 701), but only in a cursory manner. It appears from Mela (iii. 7) and from Pliny (vi. 17. s. 24), compared with Eustathius (ad Dionys. Per. v. 753, seq.), and Ammianus Marcellinus (1. c.), that they were a just and gentle people, loving tranquillity and comfort. Although addicted to commerce, they were completely isolated from the rest of the world, and carefully avoided all intercourse with strangers. From these habits, they were obliged to carry on their commercial transactions in a very singular manner. They inscribed the prices of their goods upon the bales in which they were packed, and then deposited them in a solitary building called the Stone Tower; perhaps the same place mentioned by Ptolemy (vi. 15. § 3) under the name of Hormeterion, situated in a valley on the upper course of the Jaxartes, and in the Scythian district of Casia. The Scythian merchants then approached, and having deposited what they deemed a just price for the goods, retired. After their departure, the Seres examined the sum deposited, and if they thought it sufficient took it away, leaving the goods; but if not enough was found, they removed the latter instead of the money. In the description of this mode of traffic we still recognise the characteristics of the modern Chinese. The Parthians also traded with the Seres, and it was probably through the former that the Romans at a later period procured most of their silk stuffs; though the Parthians passed them off as Assyrian goods, which seems to have been believed by the Romans (Plin. xi. 22. s. 25). After the overthrow of the Parthian empire by the Persians, the silk trade naturally fell into the hands of the latter. (Vopisc, Aurel. c. 45; Procop. B. Pers. i. 20, &c.) With regard to their persons, the Seres are described as being of unusual size, with blue eyes, red hair, and a rough voice (Plin. vi. 22. s. 24), almost totally unacquainted with diseases and bodily infirmities (Expos. tot. Mundi, l. c.), and consequently reaching a very great age (Ctes. 1. c.; Strab. xv. p. 701; Lucian, Macrob. 5). They were armed with bows and arrows (Hor. Od. i. 29. 9; Charic. vi. 3). Ptolemy (l. cc.) enumerates several distinct tribes of them, as the Annibi, in the extreme N., on the mountains named after them; the Zizyges, between them and the Auxacian mountains; the Damnae, to the S. of these; and still further S.,

down to the river Oechardes, the Pialae; the Oechardae, who dwelt about the river of the same name; and the Garenaei and Nabannae, to the E. of the Annibi. To the S. of these again was the district of Asmiraea, near the mountains of the same name, and still further in the same direction the Issedones; to the E. of whom were the Throani. To the S. of the Issedones were the Asparacae, and S. of the Throani the Ethaguri. Lastly, on the extreme southern borders were seated the Batae and the Ottorocorrae,-the latter, who must doubtless be the same people called by Pliny Attacori, on the like-named mountain. To the southern district must also be ascribed the Sesatae mentioned in Arrian's Peripl. M. Erythr. (p. 37), small men with broad foreheads and flat noses, and, from the description of them, evidently a Mongol race. They migrated yearly with their wives and children to the borders of Sinae, in order to celebrate their festivals there; and when they had returned to the interior of their country, the reeds which they left behind them, and which had served them for straw, were carefully gathered up by the Sinese, in order to prepare from it the Malabathron, a species of ointment which they sold in India. (Comp. Ritter, Erdkunde, ii. p. 179, v. p. 443, 2nd ed.; Bohlen, das Alte Indien, ii. p. 173; Heeren's, Ideen, i. 2. p. 494). According to Ammianus (L. c.) the towns of Serica were few in number, but large and wealthy. Ptolemy, in the places cited at the head of this article, names fifteen of them, of which the most important seem to have been, Sera, the capital of the nation; Issedon; Throana, on the E. declivity of the Asmiraei mountains, and on the easternmost source of the Oechardes; Asmiraea, on the same stream, but somewhat to the NW. of the preceding town; Aspacara, on the left bank of the Bantisus, not far from its most western source; and Ottorocorra. [T. H. D.]

SERIMUM (épiuov, Ptol. iii. 5. § 28), a town on the Borysthenes, in the interior of European Sarmatia. [T. H D.]

SERI'PHOS or SERI'PHUS (Zépidos: Eth. Zepípus: Serpho), an island in the Aegaean sea, and one of the Cyclades, lying between Cythnos and Siphnos. According to Pliny (iv. 12. s. 22) it is 12 miles in circumference. It possessed a town of the same name, with a harbour. (Scylax, p. 22; Ptol. iii. 15. § 31.) It is celebrated in mythology as the place where Danaë and Perseus were driven to shore in the chest in which they had been exposed by Acrisius, where Perseus was brought up, and where he afterwards turned the inhabitants into stone with the Gorgon's head. (Apollod. ii. 4. § 3; Pind. Pyth. x. 72, xii. 18; Strab. x. p. 487; Ov. Met. v. 242.) Seriphos was colonised by Ionians from Athens, and it was one of the few islands which refused submission to Xerxes. (Herod. viii. 46, 48.) By subsequent writers Seriphos is almost always mentioned with contempt on account of its poverty and insignificance (Aristoph. Acharn. 542; Plat. Rep. i. p. 329; Plut. de Exsil. 7. p. 602; Cic. de Nat. Deor. i. 31, de Senect. 3); and it was for this reason employed by the Roman emperors as a place of banishment for state criminals. (Tac. Ann. ii. 85, iv. 21; Juv. vi. 564, x. 170; Senec. ad Consol. 6.) It is curious that the ancient writers make no mention of the iron and copper mines of Seriphos, which were, however, worked in antiquity, as is evident from existing traces, and which, one might have supposed, would have bestowed some prosperity upon the island.

But though the ancient writers are silent about the mines, they are careful to relate that the frogs of Seriphos differ from the rest of their fraternity by being dumb. (Plin. viii. 58. s. 83; Arist. Mir. Ausc. 70; Aelian, Hist. An. iii. 37; Suidas, s. v. Bárpaxos ek Zepipov.) The modern town stands upon the site of the ancient city, on the eastern side of the island, and contains upwards of 2000 inhabitants. It is built upon a steep rock, about 800 feet above the sea. There are only a few remains of the ancient city. (Ross, Reisen auf den Griech. Inseln, vol. i. p. 134, seq.; Fiedler, Reise, &c. vol. ii. p. 106, seq.)

SERMO, a town of the Celtiberi in Hispania Tarraconensis. (Itin. Ant. p. 447.) Variously identified with Muel and Mezalocha. [T. H. D.] SERMYLE (Zepuúλn, Herod. vii. 122; Thuc. v. 18; Zepuuxía, Scyl. p. 26; Hecataeus, ap. Steph. B. s. v.; Böckh, Inser. Graec. vol. i. p. 304: Eth. Zepuúλio), a town of Chalcidice, between Galepsus and Mecyberna, which gave its name to the Toronaic gulf, which was also called SERMYLICUS SINUS (KÓλTOS Zepμvλikós, Scyl. l. c.). The modern Ormylia, between Molyvó and Derna, is identified from its name, which differs little from the ancient form, with the site of Sermyle. (Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iii. p. 155.) [E. B. J.]

SERMY'LICUS SINUS. [SERMYLE.] SEROTA, a town on the frontier between Upper and Lower Pannonia, on the right bank of the river Dravus. (It. Ant. p. 130; It. Hieros. p. 562; Geog. Rav. iv. 19, where it is called Sirore, while the Table calls it Sirota.) It is possible that this town may have belonged to the tribe of the Serretes mentioned by Pliny (iii. 28) as inhabiting a part of Pannonia. The town of Serota is commonly identified with the modern Veröcze or Verovits. [L. S.] SERPA, a place in Hispania Baetica, on the Anas, and in the territory of the Turdetani. (Itin. Ant. p. 426.) It still bears its ancient name. See Resendi Ant. Lusit. p. 194. [T. H. D.] SERRAEPOLIS (Zeppaíñoλis kúμn, Ptol. v. 6. § 4), a village on the coast of Cilicia, lying between Mallus and Aegae (Ayaz).

SERRAPILLI, a tribe mentioned by Pliny (iii. 28), as dwelling on the river Dravus in Pannonia. The resemblance of name has induced some geographers to assume that they dwelt about the modern town of Pilisch; but this is a mere conjecture. [L. S.]

SERRETES. [SEROTA.] SERRHAE. [SIRIS.] SERRHEUM or SERRHIUM (Zéppiov, Dem. p. 85, R.; Zéppelov, Herod. vii. 59; Steph. B. s. v.), a promontory and town on the southern coast of Thrace, now Cape Makri. It lay to the west of Maroneia, and opposite to the island of Samothrace. It is repeatedly mentioned by Demosthenes (pp. 85, 114, 133, R.), as having been taken by Philip, contrary to his engagements with the Athenians; and Livy (xxxi. 16) states that it was one

name.

year B. c. 200. (Plin. iv. 11. s. 18; Mela, ii. 2.) According to Stephanus Byz. (c.) a town on the island of Samothrace bore the same [J. R.] SERRI, a people of the Asiatic Sarmatia, on the Euxine. (Plin. vi. 5. s. 5.) Mela (i. 19) places them between the Melanchlaeni and Siraces. [T. H. D.] SERRIUM. [SERRHEUM.]

SERVIODURUM, a town in the north-east of Vindelicia on the Danube, on the road from Reginum to Boiodurum, near Augustana Castra. (Tab. Peut.; Not. Imp.) It must have occupied the site of the modern Straubing, or some place in the neighbourhood, such as Azelburg, where ancient remains still exist. [L. S.]

SERVITIUM, a town in the southern part of Upper Pannonia, on the river Dravus, on the road from Siscia to Sirmium. (It. Ant. p. 268; Geog. Rav. iv. 19, where it is called Serbetium; Tab. Peut.) Its site has been identified with several modern places; but the most probable conjecture is that it occupied the place of the modern Sieverorezi, the point at which the roads leading from Sirmium and Siscia to Salona met. [L. S.]

SESAMUS (noaμós), a small river on the coast of Paphlagonia, flowing into the Euxine near the town of Amastris, whence in later times the river itself was called Amastris. (Anonym. Peripl. P. E. p. 5; Marcian. p. 71; AMASTRIS.) [L. S.] SESARETHUS. [TAULANTII.] SESATAE. [SERICA.]

SESECRIVENAE (Enσeкpievaι voo, Arrian, Peripl. M. Erythr. p. 30), a group of islands opposite to the S. coast of India intra Gangem, and probably in the Sinus Colchicus where Ptolemy (vii. 1. § 10) places a town with the somewhat similar name of Σωσίκουραι. It must have been in the neighbourhood of Taprobane, since the Periplus mentions the Aiyidiwv vñoos as close to the Sesecrienae, whilst Ptolemy (vii. 4. § 11) places the same island amongst a number of others lying before Taprobane, many of which must undoubtedly have belonged to the Sesecrienae. [T. H. D.]

SESSITES (Sesia), a river of Gallia Transpadana, and one of the most important of the northern tributaries of the Padus. It flows beneath the walls of Vercellae (Vercelli), and joins the Padus about 16 miles below that city. Its name is noticed only by Pliny (iii. 16. s. 20) and the Geographer of Ravenna (iv. 36), who writes the name Sisidus. [E. H. B.]

SESTIA NAE ARAE (called by Ptolemny Σηστίου Bwμol aкpov, ii. 5. § 3), the W. promontory of the N. coast of Gallaecia in Hispania Tarraconensis. It had three altars dedicated to Augustus, whence its name. (Plin. iv. 20. s. 34; Mela, iii. 1.) It is the present Cabo Villano (Florez, Esp. Sagr. xx. p. 44; Sestini, Med. Isp. p. 103.) [T. H. D.]

SESTIA 'RIA PROM. (Σηστιαρία ἄκρα, Ptol. iv. 1. § 7), a headland on the N. coast of Mauritania Tingitana, between capes Russadir and Abyla. It is probably the same that is called Cannarum Promontorium in the Itin. Ant. (p. 11), lying at a distance of 50 miles from Russadir, or the present Cabo Quilates. [T. H. D.]

SESTI'NUM (Eth. Sestinas: Sestino), a town in the interior of Umbria, mentioned only by Pliny, who enumerates the Sestinates among the towns of that region (Plin. iii. 14. s. 19; Gruter, Inscr. p. 108. 7), but which still retains its ancient name. It is situated among the Apennines, at the source of the river

ii. p. 591; comp. Sestini, Geog. Num. p. 55.) It is commonly supposed to have occupied the site of the modern Sidas Kaleh. [L. S.] SETA'NTII (TávтIOL, Ptol. ii. 3. § 2), a tribe probably belonging to the Brigantes on the W. coast of Britannia Romana, and possessing a harbour (ZeravTiwν Xiμhy, Ptol. l. c.), commonly thought to have been at the mouth of the river Ribble. Reichard, however, places it on the S. coast of the Solway Frith, while Camden (p. 793) would read, with one of the MSS. of Ptolemy, "Segontiorum Portus," and seeks it near Caernarvon. [T. H. D.] SETANTIORUM PORTUS. [SETANTII.] SETEIA (Σετηΐα or Σεγηΐα εἴσχυσις, Ptol. ii. 3. § 2), an estuary on the W. coast of Britannia Roinana, opposite the isle of Mona, into which the Dee discharges itself. [T. H. D.]

189.

SETELSIS (Σετελσίς or Σελενσίς, Ptol. ii. 6. § 72), a town of the Jaccetani in Hispania Tarraconensis, now Solsona. See a coin in Sestini, p. [T. H.D.] SETHERIES, a river of Asiatic Sarmatia, on the E. coast of the Pontus Euxinus, and in the territory of the Sindi. (Plin. vi. 5. s. 5.) [T. H. D.]

SETIA (Enría: Eth. Setinus: Sezze), an ancient city of Latium, situated on the S. slope of the Volscian mountains, between Norba and Privernum, looking over the Pontine Marshes. It is probable that it was originally a Latin city, as its name is found in the list given by Dionysius of the thirty cities of the Latin League. (Dionys. v. 61.) But it must have fallen into the hands of the Volscians, at the time their power was at its height. No mention of it is, however, found during the wars of the Romans with that people until after the Gaulish invasion, when a Roman colony was established there in B. C. 392, and recruited with an additional body of colonists a few years afterwards. (Vell. Pat. i. 14; Liv. vi. 30.) At this time Setia must have been the most advanced point of the Roman dominion in this direction, and immediately adjoined the territory of the Privernates, who were still an independent and powerful people. [PRIVERNUM.] This exposed the new colonists to the incursions of that people, who, in B. C. 342, laid waste their territory, as well as that of Norba. (Liv. vii. 42, viii. 1.) The Privernates were, however, severely punished for this aggression, and from this time the Setini seem to have enjoyed tranquillity. But it is remarkable that a few years later L. Annius of Setia appears as one of the leaders of the Latins in their great war against Rome, B. c. 340. (Liv. viii. 3.) Setia was a Colonia Latina, and was one of those which, during the pressure of the Second Punic War (B. C. 209), declared its inability to furnish any further supplies either of men or money. (Liv. xxvii. 9.) It was, at a later period of the war, severely punished for this by the imposition of much heavier contributions. (Id. xxix. 15.) From its strong and somewhat secluded position, Setia was selected as the place where the Carthaginian hostages, given at the close of the war, were detained in custody, and in B. C. 198 became in consequence the scene of a very dangerous conspiracy among the slaves of that and the adjoining districts, which was suppressed by the energy of the praetor L. Cornelius Merula. (Id. xxxii. 26.) From this time we hear no more of Setia till the Civil Wars of Marius and Sulla, when it was taken by the latter after a regular siege, B. c. 82. (Appian, B. C. i.

period a strong fortress, an advantage which it owed to its position on a hill as well as to its fortifications, the remains of which are still visible. Under the Empire Setia seems to have continued to be a flourishing municipal town, but was chiefly celebrated for its wine, which in the days of Martial and Juvenal seems to have been esteemed one of the choicest and most valuable kinds: according to Pliny it was Augustus who first brought it into vogue. (Plin. xiv. 6. s. 8; Martial, x. 36. 6, xiii. 112; Juv. x. 27; Strab. v. pp. 234, 237; Sil. Ital. viii. 379.) We learn from the Liber Coloniarum that Setia received a colony under the Triumvirate; and it is probable that it subsequently bore the title of a Colonia, though it is not mentioned as such by Pliny. (Plin. iii. 5. s. 9; Lib. Colon. p. 237; Orell. Inscr. 2246; Zumpt, de Colon. p. 338.)

The position of Setia on a lofty hill, looking down upon the Pontine Marshes and the Appian Way, is alluded to by several writers (Strab. v. p. 237; Martial, x. 74. 11, xiii. 112), among others in a fragment of Lucilius (ap. A. Gell. xvi. 9), in whose time it is probable that the highroad, of the extreme hilliness of which he complains, passed by Setia itself. It was, however, about 5 miles distant from the Appian Way, on the left hand. There can be no doubt that the modern town of Sezze occupies the same site with the ancient one, as extensive remains of its walls are still visible. They are constructed of large polygonal or rudely squared blocks of limestone, in the same style as those of Norba and Cora. The substructions of several edifices (probably temples) of a similar style of construction, also remain, as well as some inconsiderable ruins of an amphitheatre. (Westphal, Röm. Kamp. p. 53; Dodwell's Pelasgic Remains, pp. 115-120.) [E. H. B.]

SETIA (Zéria, Ptol. ii. 4. § 9). 1. A town of the Turduli in Hispania Baetica, between the Baetis and Mount Ilipula.

2. A town of the Vascones in Hispania Tarraconensis. (Ptol. ii. 6. § 67.) [T. H. D.] SE'TIDA (Zérida, Ptol. ii. 4. § 12), a town of the Turdetani in the W. of Hispania Baetica. [T. H. D.] SETIDA'VA (Zeridava), a town in the northeast of ancient Germany, on the north of the sources of the Vistula, so that it belonged either to the Omani or to the Burgundiones. (Ptol. ii. 11. § 28.) Its exact site is not known, though it is commonly assumed to have occupied the place of the modern Zydowo on the south of Gnesen. (Wilhelm, Germanien, p. 253.) [L. S.] SETISACUM (Zeriaaкov, Ptol. ii. 6. § 52), a town of the Murbogi in the N. of Hispania Tarraconensis. [T. H. D.] SETIUS MONS or PROM. [BLASCON; FECYI JUGUM.]

SETÓTRIALLACTA (ZETотpiaλλáктα, Ptol. ii. 6. § 56), a town of the Arevaci in Hispania Tar[T. H. D.]

raconensis.

SETO'VIA (Zerovía, Appian, Illyr. 27), a town of Dalmatia, situated in a well-wooded valley, which was besieged by Octavius in the campaign of B. C. 34. It has been identified with Sign, situated in the rich valley of the Cettina, and bounded by nountains to the right and left. [E. B. J.]

SETUACOTUM (Σετουάκωτον, οι Σετουάκατον), a town in the south of Germany between the upper part of the Danube and the Silva Gabreta, perhaps belonging to the territory of the Narisci (Ptol. ii. 11.