NOTICES AND ABSTRACTS

OF

MISCELLANEOUS COMMUNICATIONS TO THE SECTIONS.

MATHEMATICS AND PHYSICS.

MATHEMATICS.

Address by G. B. AIRY, Astronomer Royal, President of the Section

Mr. A. CAYLEY on Curves of the Third Order ....

Mr. THOMAS DOBSON on the General Forms of the Symmetrical Properties of

Plane Triangles .........................

2

C. F. EKMAN'S Inquiry into the Fundamental Principles of Algebra, chiefly

with regard to Negative and Imaginary Quantities...........

4

M. Bierens de HAAN on Definite Integrals ...........

4

Sir W. R. HAMILTON on Geometrical Rests in Space .........

Rev. T. P. KIRKMAN on the Roots of Substitutions .........

Professor PRICE on the Influence of the Rotation of the Earth on the Apparent

Path of a Heavy Particle......

4

6

Mr. W. H. L. RUSSELL on the Calculus of Functions, with Remarks on the

Theory of Electricity....

9

Mr. WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE on Petzval's Asymptotic Method of solving Dif-

ferential Equations....

10

on the Reduction of the decadic Binary Quantic

to its Canonical Form ......

Professor SYLVESTER on the Involution of Axes of Rotation

11

12

ASTRONOMY.

M. N. ADLER on the Almanac

12

The ASTRONOMER ROYAL'S Remarks on Dr. Hincks's Paper on the Acceleration

of the Moon's Mean Motion as indicated by the Records of Ancient Eclipses 12

Mr. J. S. STUART GLENNIE on the Resistance of the Ether to the Comets and

Planets, and on the Rotation of the latter......

13

Mr. R. P. GREG on M. Haidinger's Communication on the Origin and Fall

of Aerolites.......

.....

.......

M. W. HAIDINGER's attempt to account for the Physical Condition and the

Fall of Meteorites upon our Planet

13

15

Rev. EDWARD HINCKS on the Quantity of the Acceleration of the Moon's

Mean Motion, as indicated by the Records of certain Ancient Eclipses

Mr. DANIEL VAUGHAN on Cases of Planetary Instability indicated by the ap-

pearance of Temporary Stars.......

Mr. J. S. STUART GLENNIE on the Application of the Principle of the Conser-

vation of Force to the mechanical explanation of the Correlation of Forces... 26

Professor W. THOMSON'S Physical Considerations regarding the Possible Age

of the Sun's Heat ......

27

.......... 31

Mr. J. ALEXANDER DAVIES's Observations upon the Production of Colour by

the Prism, the Passive Mental Effect or Instinct in comprehending the En-

largement of the Visual Angle, and other Optical Phenomena .........

Mr. THOMAS ROSE on Presentations of Colour produced under novel conditions;

with their assumed relation to the received Theory of Light and Colour....... 32

Mr. WILLIAM THOMAS SHAW'S Method of interpreting some of the Pheno-

mena of Light...............

Mr. JOHN SMITH on the Chromascope, and what it reveals ......

on the Prism and Chromascope...................................

Mr. THOMAS SUTTON on the Panoramic Lens..........

33.

33

33

33

Mr. H. H. VIVIAN'S Microscopic Observations on the Structure of Metals..... 34

Mr. J. J. WALKER's Observations on an Iris seen in Water, near Sunset....... 35

ELECTRICITY, MAGNETISM.

35

35

The ASTRONOMER ROYAL on Spontaneous Terrestrial Galvanic Currents

on the Laws of the Principal Inequalities, Solar and

Lunar, of Terrestrial Magnetic Force in the Horizontal Plane, from obser-

vations at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, extending from 1848 to 1857... 36

Mr. LATIMER CLARK and Sir CHARLES BRIGHT on the Formation of Stand-

ards of Electrical Quantity and Resistance.................

.......... 37

Mr. J. P. GASSIOT on the Deposit of Metals from the Negative Terminal of an

Induction Coil during the Electrical Discharge in Vacuo ..............

...... 38

Professor HENNESSY on a Probable Cause of the Diurnal Variation of Magnetic
Dip and Declination...........

Mr. FLEEMING JENKIN on Permanent Thermo-Electric Currents in Circuits of

one Metal......

.....

39

... 39

Rev. H. LLOYD on the Secular Changes of Terrestrial Magnetism, and their

Connexion with Disturbances

Mr. C. W. SIEMENS on an Electric Resistance Thermometer for observing

Temperatures at inaccessible situations

........

Messrs. ARCHIBALD SMITH and F. J. EVANS on the Effect produced on the

Deviation of the Compass by the Length and Arrangement of the Compass

Needles; and on a New Mode of Correcting the Quadrantal Deviation....... 45

Mr. F. J. EVANS on H.M.S. Warrior's Compasses ....

45

Mr. B. STEWART on the Photographic Records given at the Kew Observatory

of the great Magnetic Storm of the end of August and beginning of Septem-

ber 1859

47

Page

......

47

Mr. G. JOHNSTONE STONEY on the Amount of the direct Magnetic Effect of the

Sun or Moon on Instruments at the Earth's Surface.........

Mr. CHARLES TOMLINSON on Lightning Figures, chiefly with reference to those

Tree-like or Ramified Figures sometimes found on the Bodies of Men and

Animals that have been struck by Lightning ......

METEOROLOGY.

Mr. I. ASHE on the Causes of the Phenomena of Cyclones

Mr. JOHN ALLAN BROUN on the supposed Connexion between Meteorological

Phenomena and the Variations of the Earth's Magnetic Force...............

Mr. WILLIAM DANSON on the Law of Universal Storms...............

Mr. WILLIAM FAIRBAIRN on the Temperature of the Earth's Crust, as exhi-

bited by Thermometrical Returns obtained during the sinking of the Deep

Mine at Dukinfield

...........

Rear-Admiral FITZROY's Tidal Observations

56

Dr. J. H. GLADSTONE on the Distribution of Fog around the British Isles...... 57

Mr. JAMES GLAISHER on a Deep-Sea Thermometer invented by Henry John-
son, Esq.

son, Esq...............

on a Deep-Sea Pressure-Gauge invented by Henry John-

on a Daily Weather Map; on Admiral FitzRoy's Paper

presented to Section A. relative to the Royal Charter Storm; and on some

Meteorological Documents relating to Mr. Green's Balloon Ascents.........

Mr. J. T. GODDARD on the Cloud Mirror and Sunshine Recorder ........

Professor HENNESSY on the Connexion between Storms and Vertical Disturb-

ances of the Atmosphere.

58

Mr. WILLIAM HOPKINS on the Theories of Glacial Motion

61

Mr. W. S. JEVONS on the Deficiency of Rain in an Elevated Rain-Gauge, as

caused by Wind.........

62

Mr. H. W. CRAWLEY on a Solar Halo observed at Sydney, Cape Breton, Nova

Scotia, August 13, 1861.........

63

......

Mr. PETER J. LIVSEY'S Description of a Mercurial Barometer, recently invented

by Mr. Richard Howson, Engineer of Middlesborough-on-Tees

Mr. E. J. LOWE on the Great Cold of Christmas 1860, and its destructive

Effects

Letter from Captain MAURY on the importance of an Expedition to the Antarctic

Regions, for Meteorological and other scientific purposes. (Communicated by

the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty) ....

Mr. JOHN E. MORGAN on an Anemometer for Registering the Maximum Force

and extreme Variation of the Wind.............

Rev. T. RANKIN's Meteorological Observations at Huggate, Yorkshire.......... 73

Mr. C. W. SIEMENS on a Bathometer, or Instrument to indicate the Depth of

the Sea on Board Ship without submerging a Line

73

.........

Mr. BALFOUR STEWART on a New Minimum Mercurial Thermometer proposed

by Mr. Casella .....

Mr. G. J. SYMONS on British Rain-fall

Rev. W. WALTON on some Signs of Changes of the Weather

74

74

74

CHEMISTRY.

Address by W. A. MILLER, M.D., F.R.S. &c., Professor of Chemistry, King's

College, London

Professor ANDERSON on the Constitution of Paranaphthaline or Anthracene,
and some of its Decomposition Products..........

Professor ANDREWS on the Effect of Great Pressures combined with Cold on
the Six Non-condensable Gases.....

Dr. CRACE CALVERT on the Chemical Composition of some Woods employed

in the Navy.....

on the Chemical Composition of Steel

Page

...

75

76

76

77

77

78

78

78

Professor DAUBENY on the Evolution of Ammonia from Volcanos......

Mr. H. DEANE on a particular Decomposition of Ancient Glass........

Dr. DELFFS on Morin, and the non-existence of Morotannic acid

Mr. G. C. FOSTER on Piperic and Hydropiperic Acids..........

Professor GALLOWAY on the Composition and Valuation of Superphosphates... 79

Dr. J. H. GLADSTONE and Mr. G. GLADSTONE on an Aluminous Mineral from

the Upper Chalk near Brighton

Dr. J. H. GLADSTONE on the Emission and Absorption of Rays of Light by

certain Gases .......

Mr. W. GOSSAGE on the History of the Alkali Manufacture................

79

79

80

Mr. J. J. GRIFFIN on the Construction of Gas- Burners for Chemical Use...... 81

Mr. W. J. HURST on the Sulphur Compound formed by the Action of Sulphu-
retted Hydrogen on Formiate of Lead at a High Temperature ....

Dr. JOULE and Professor W. THOMSON on the Thermal Effects of Elastic Fluids

Mr. J. B. LAWES and Dr. J. H. GILBERT on some points in connexion with

the Exhaustion of Soils........................

Dr. J. H. LLOYD on Purifying Towns from Sewage by means of Dry Cloaca... 85

Dr. S. MACADAM on the Proportion of Tin present in Tea-Lead..................................

85

86

86

on the Proportion of Arsenic present in Paper-Hangings...... 86

on an Economical Mode of boiling Rags, &c. with Alkaline Ley

Mr. W. MARRIOTT on the Separation of Ammonia from Coal-gas..........

Mr. JOHN MERCER on Madder Photographs.......................

Professor W. A. MILLER on Photographic Spectra of the Electric Light........ 87

Dr. MOFFAT on Atmospheric Ozone

on Sulphuretted Hydrogen as a Product of Putrefaction............ 89

Mr. WILLIAM ROBERTS on the Solvent Power of Strong and Weak Solutions
of the Alkaline Carbonates on Uric Acid Calculi.......

Professor Roscoe on Perchloric Acid and its Hydrates.................

Drs. RUSSELL and MATTHIESSEN on Vesicular Structure in Copper................................

Dr. SMITH (of Sydney) on certain Difficulties in the way of separating Gold

from Quartz

Professor TENNANT on a Specimen of Meteoric Iron from Mexico

Mr. CHARLES TOMLINSON on the Cohesion-Figures of Liquids

Dr. VOELCKER on the Composition of Crystallized Moroxite, from Jumillo,

near Alicante.....

Dr. WALLACE on the Composition and Properties of the Water of Loch Katrine,

as supplied in Glasgow....

Drs. WILLIAMSON and RUSSELL on an Apparatus for the rapid Separation and

Measurement of Gases.........

Page

95

GEOLOGY.

Address by Sir RODERICK IMPEY MURCHISON, President of the Section ........ 95

Mr. W. H. BAILY'S Palæontological Remarks upon the Silurian Rocks of Ire-

land

Mr. T. W. BARROW's Remarks on the Bone-caves of Craven ...

108

..... 108

Mr. E. W. BINNEY's succinct account of the Geological Features of the neigh-

bourhood of Manchester.........

109

....... 109

Mr. J. BONWICK on the Extinct Volcanos of Australia ........

Mr. ANTONIO BRADY on some Flint Instruments, &c. exhibited to the Meeting 110

Mr. Alexander BRYSON on the Aqueous Origin of Granite......................

........ 110

Rev. C. R. GORDON on the Laws discoverable as to the Formation of Land on

the Globe........

112

Mr. C. GOULD on the Results of the Geological Survey of Tasmania ................................... 112

Mr. A. H. GREEN on the Faults of a portion of the Lancashire Coal-field...... 113

Dr. HAGEN'S Comparison of Fossil Insects of England and Bavaria.............. 113

Professor HARKNESS on the Old Red Sandstone of South Perthshire ............ 114

on the Sandstones and their associated Deposits of the

Valley of the Eden and the Cumberland Plain.......
....... 115

Mr. D. MILNE HOME'S Notice of Elongated Ridges of Drift, common in the

South of Scotland, called Kaims'

........ 115

Mr. EDWARD HULL on Isomeric Lines, and the relative Distribution of the

Calcareous and Sedimentary Strata of the Carboniferous Group of Britain... 116

Professor JUKES on the Progress of the Survey in Ireland.............................

Mr. J. G. MARSHALL on the Relation of the Eskdale Granite at Bootle to the

Schistose Rocks, with Remarks on the General Metamorphic Origin of

Granite.......

117

.... 117

Mr. GEORGE H. MORTON on the Pleistocene Deposits of the District around

Liverpool........

..... 120

Mr. C. MOORE's Notes on two Ichthyosauri to be exhibited to the Meeting.... 121

Information from Professor Haidinger respecting the Present State of the Im-

perial Geological Institution of Vienna. (Communicated by Sir R. I. MUR-

CHISON)

... 121

Maps and Sections recently published by the Geological Survey, exhibited by

Sir R. I. MURCHISON...

........

Professor OWEN on a Dinosaurian Reptile (Scelidosaurus Harrisoni) from the

Lower Lias of Charmouth........................

.....

121

121

on the Remains of a Plesiosaurian Reptile (Plesiosaurus Aus-

tralis) from the Oolitic Formation in the Middle Island of New Zealand 122

Mr. W. PATTERSON on certain Markings in Sandstones........
123

Mr. W. PENGELLY on a new Bone-cave at Brixham

Torbay....

123

on the Recent Encroachments of the Sea on the Shores of

..... 124

on the Relative Age of the Petherwin and Barnstaple Beds. 124

on the Age of the Granites of Dartmoor.

127

.........