ABELARD, 282 ff.

Attila, 19.

sacerdotal view of, 254 f.

Adam of St. Victor, 501 ff.

Adamnan, 24 ff.

Adoptionism, 92.

Adrian I., 110, 122; IV., 192 ff., 544 f.
Aegidius of Rome, 380 f.

Aelfric, 106.

Alfred the Great, 63 ff.

All Saints, festival of, 136 f.

Augustine, missionary, 28 ff.
Augustines, the, 287.

Avignon, the line of Popes at, 345 ff.

Beguines, 301.

Belisarius, 18.

247, 362.

(anti-Pope), 356, 361.
Benedict of Aniane, 140.

Berengar, 93.

Bernard of Clairvaux, 191, 272 ff., 309
ff., 498 f.

Bernard of Cluny, 500.
Bertha, 29.

Berthold of Calabria, 287.

Bishops, connected with civil affairs,
99 f.; under authority of the State as
to appointment, 103 f.; objection to
bishops at large, 108; country
bishops, 108; peculiarity of the epis-
copate in Ireland and Scotland, 25,
108 ff.; right of confirming assumed
by the Pope, 124; bishops largely
subjects of papal patronage, 249 f.
Boethius, 65.

Bogomilies, 94, 233.

Bohemia, planting of Christianity in,
47; reform movement in, 427 ff.
Bohemian Brethren, 399, 457.
Bohemond of Tarentum, 264 f.
Bonaventura, 299, 304, 314 f., 504, 510.
Boniface III., 117; IV., 136 f.; VIII.,
149, 257, 332 ff., 345 f., 380; IX.,
356 f.

Boniface, missionary, 38 ff.
Borgia, Cæsar, 374 ff.

Brethren of the Common Life, 468 ff.
Bruno, 271.

Bulgaria, Christianity in, 47 f.
Burgundians, 17 f.

CÆSARINS, 300.
Calixtines, 458.
Calixtus III., 368.

Canonizing, regular mode of, provided,

Carthusians, 271.

Cathari, 95, 233 ff.

Catharine of Siena, 379.
Celestines, 300.

Celibacy of the clergy, 106 f., 177 f.,
252 f., 377 f., 416.

Charles of Anjou, 154 f., 247, 484.
Charles the Bald, 63, 100.
Charles the Fat, 66.

Charles VII. of France, 329; VIII.,
475 f.

Charles IV., of Germany, 156.
Charles II., King of Naples, 323, 334.
Charlemagne, 42 f., 60 ff., 87, 92, 103,
111, 122, 143.

Charles Martel, 38 f., 58 f.
Chivalry, as related to the Crusades,
261.

Chrodegang of Metz, 105 f., 125.

Church, in relation to the State, 96 ff.
Church constitution, peculiarity of the
Scottish or Celtic, 25, 108 ff.; growth
and culmination of the papal theoc-
racy, 114 ff., 165 ff.; various features
that appeared between Gregory VIII.
and Boniface VIII., 248 ff.
Church discipline, 125 ff., 254 ff., 320 f.
Cimabue, 522.

Cistercians, 271 ff.

Cities, as factors of the Empire, 156.

Clarendon, Constitutions of, 202 ff.
Claudius of Turin, 90, 137, 395.
Clement V., 257 f., 344 ff., 350; VI.
351, 353 f.; VII. (anti-Pope), 356.
Clementines, 258.

Clermont, Council of, 263.
Clotilda, 15.
Clovis, 14 f.

Cluny, Order of, 140; Church of, 515 f.
Cobham, Lord, 425 ff.
Celestine V., 332 f.

Cologne, cathedral of, 520.

Colonna, house of, 334 f., 338, 343, 345,

361.

Columba, 24 ff.

Columbanus, 34 ff.

Comnenus, house of, 482.
Conall, 25.

Confession, 125 f., 254.
Conrad II., 66; III., 265, 285.
Conrad of Waldhausen, 429.
Consolamentum, Catharist rite, 237.
Constance, Council of, 301, 321, 359 ff.,
378, 423.

Constantine XI., 483.

Constantine Copronymus, 84 f.
Controversies, 76 ff., 90 ff.

Conventuals, 301.

Corman, 31 f.
Correggio, 529.

Cosmas of Jerusalem, 490 f.
Councils: Aachen (836), 139; Amalfi

(1089), 252; Arles (813), 131, (1234),
257; Basle (1431), 365 ff.; Bourges
(1031), 98; Calcuith (816), 109; Cha-
lons on the Saone (813), 109; Cler-
mont (1095), 263; Cloveshoe (747),
127; Constance (1414), 359 ff.; Con-
stantinople (sixth ecumenical in 680),
71 ff.; Constantinople (iconoclastic in
754), 84 f.; Florence (1438), 367, 481
f.; Frankfort (794), 87; Friaul (796),
107; Lateran, the Second (1139),
192; Lateran, the Fourth (1215),
238; Lyons (1274), 484; Mentz (813),
134, (847), 127, (888), 107; Metz (813,
847), 97 f., (888), 107, 129; Nantes
(658), 107; Nicæa, the Second (787),
85 f., 88; Norbonne (1243), 257;
Paris (614), 98, (825),87 f., (829), 131,
(1209), 306 f.; Pavia (876, 1018), 107;
Pisa (1409), 358 f.; Placentia (1095),
263; Rathbreasail (1110), 109: Ries-
bach (799), 107; Rheims (624), 98
(813), 131; Rome (743), 107, (1080),
173;
Rouen (1072), 98; Soissons
(744), 107, (813), 138; Toledo (589),

90, (633), 107, (655), 107; Toulouse
(1229), 240 f.; Tribur (895), 133 f.;
Valence (855), 143; Vatican (1869),
74, 363 f.; Whitby (664), 33 f.;
Worms (1076), 181.
Courtenay, 403, 409.

Criticism of the Church, representatives
of, 380 ff.

Crusades for the recovery of the Holy
Land, 175, 226 ff., 259 ff., 368 f.
Crusades against heretics, 230 ff., 321,
399.

of

emperor,

De Hæretico comburendo, the statute,

EASTER, Conflict between British and
Roman custom on the time of cele-
brating, 33 f.

Ebbo, archbishop of Rheims, 44 f.
Eckhart, 461 ff.

Education of clergy, 105 f.

Edward I. of England, 332, 336 f; III.,
329 f., 406 f.

Edwin, King of Northumberland, 30 f.
Elfleda, abbess, 141.
Elipandus of Toledo, 92.

Empire, the Holy Roman, 155 ff., 326 ff.
Empire, the Eastern or Greek, 20, 153,
227 f., 481 ff.

Frederic I. (Barbarossa),

193 ff., 266: II. 209, 217, 242 ff.,
267; III., 328.

Frederic, Spanish King of Sicily, 323 f.,

334.

Godfrey of Bouillon, 264 f.
Gothic style, 516 ff.
Goths, 16 f.

Gottschalk, crusader, 264.
Gottschalk, predestinarian, 92 f.
Gratian, compiler of canon law, 257.
Green, J. R. 16, 64, 403, 418.
Gregory (I.) the Great, 23 f., 27 f., 65,
77, 98, 114 ff., 132, 492; II., 39, 73;
IV., 111, 137; VI. 113; VII., see be-
low; IX; 243 f., 247, 250, 257; XI.,
350, 355: XII., 356, 360.
Gregory VII. (Hildebrand), his prepa-
ration for the papal office, 165 f.;