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MISCELLANIES.

A COMPARISON DRAWN BETWEEN THE TURKS AND SPANIARDS,

"The Spaniards are the Moslems of Western Europe. They have lost their place in the scale of nations, and sunk into semi-barbarism from the same causes-the paramount influence of superstition and despotism. Like the Turks, they exhibit in their government a most ludicrous combination of magnificent pretension and deplorable imbecility; and in their national character, the same pride, ignorance, intractableness and fanaticism. Like the Turks, too, they inherit a splendid empire, which is in a state of utter dilapidation. The colonies of the one, like the subject nations of the other, having made the discovery that their governors are weak, stupid, and tyrannical, cannot by any human means be kept in subjection to rulers they despise. We may add, to complete the parallel, that the two courts are composed of very similar materials. The monk and the mufti, the white page and the black eunuch, are counsellors of the same order; and were it possible for the bearded brother of the sun and the moon to transfer himself to Madrid, and make a small change in his creed, he would scarcely be able to perceive any alteration in the spirit or the mechanism of his government. As for Ferdinand, it would be doing injustice to the Turks to suppose that they would endure him for a single year. Spain and Turkey seem, in fact, to have been placed at the two extremities of Europe, to serve as monuments to other nations, of the degrading and barbarising effects of superstition and despotism."-The Scotsman.

"A bill has been twice read nem.con. in the American senate, granting to General La Fayette the sum of 200,000 dollars, and an entire township of land, in recompense of his signal services to the republic in the révolutionary war. This donation reflects the highest honor on the national feeling of the United States; and even the length of time that has elapsed since the period of the general's services to America, carries with it a reflection peculiarly gratifying to him; namely, that he has maintained, during a long life, so high a character for consistency and public virtue, that the gratitude and affection of a great nation of freemen are as warm towards him as ever. The Courier affects to sneer at the lateness of the reward, and asks, what would have been done for the general, had he remained quietly in Europe. This is pitiful work. The hireling is not ignorant, that the United States are but just emerging from the financial embarrassments occasioned by two struggles against the injustice of the British government; that the republic would neither have been war. ranted in offering, nor could La Fayette have honorably accepted, a grant of money which would have pressed upon the shattered finances of the givers. The pretence, that the peo ple of the United States would have forgotten their obligations to the illustrious Frenchman, is triumphantly disproved by the enthusiastic reception he has met with among them; yet it is quite natural, that his presence has called forth their affectionate feelings in a greater degree, and produced this last practical proof of their esteem more promptly, than would have been the case, had he continued to reside in another hemisphere."-The Examiner.

GREECE.

A SUMMARY OF THE BRILLIANT CAMPAIGN OF THIS YEAR.

Seven battles have taken place, and the Greek fleet, con

stantly triumphant, has occasioned the enemy the following

losses:

At the re-capture of the Island of Ipsara, were taken and sunk, sloops......

At the battle between Samos and Ephesus, taken, burned, and sunk, vessels destined to effect the landing of troops on the Island of Samos.....

....

At the battle near Cos, a frigate and a brig were burned, together......

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At the battle near Icaria, which was one of the most obstinately contested, a corvette and two brigs were run aground and sunk, near the Island of Axia, together.. 3 At the battle between Samos and Geronta, a frigate, a corvette, and a brig were burned, together....

At the battle between Chio and Caraburna were burned a corvette and a brig, together..

...

Total, Ships........

2

64

The number of Turks who have perished or been taken prisoners in these different engagements amount to ten thousand. There are also prisoners on board of Greek vessels several persons of distinction. The naval victories of the Greeks are surprising; but the protector of their sacred cause is great. Their affairs proceed very favourably; they are organizing regular troops and corps of artillery; they intend soon to turn their attention to the formation of a body of cavalry; they have troops enough at their disposition, and it is certain that their progress will be rapid, and that their independence is established.

Some official documents are published in the New York papers, relative to the acknowledgment of the independence of the late colonies of Spain by the United States, but which possess no peculiar interest. They exhibit the same insolent

pretension and disregard of truth on the part of Spain, which have distinguished most of the articles on that subject in the Madrid Gazette. The American reply to the remonstrance is couched in terms of great moderation. It appears from one of these documents, that a request had been made by England to Spain, for permission to land troops in Cuba, to pursue the pirates, if necessary, which has been refused, as well as a similar application from the government of the United States.

Sir Charles Stuart has been, for some days, in daily attendance at the foreign office, and his interviews with Mr. Planta have been most frequent during the absence of Mr. Canning. We understand the visit paid to his Majesty, by especial command, at the cottage, at Windsor, was for the express purpose of communicating to the ex-ambassador at the court of France, the royal pleasure that he should undertake the secret mission to the king of Portugal, and afterwards proceed to Brasil,

We observe from the French papers of Friday, that, in the chamber of deputies, the speakers of both sides on the law of indemnity, spoke in a very apprehensive tone respecting the continuance of peace. Mr. Agier, an ultra royalist, ob

serves:

own

"An article, gentlemen, deserving of your utmost attention, is that which fixes the duration of the operation; and I that five years appear very long to me under present circumstances.... 66 May not the movements of the New World, a second time influence Europe and even ourselves ?" General Thiars, a Liberal, spoke in a still more decided manner: "" "Examine," says he, "under what circumstances they dare propose to you to add a milliard to the already frightful mass of the public debt. See what is passing around us: two great powers divide the

world; one wishes to engross its commerce, the other frightens civilized nations with its savage masses. These two rival powers are observing each other: the combat is about to begin, and the world entertains hope (strong sensations), but what do I say? has not this grand struggle already commenced? has not England chosen her positions? is not the recognition of the blockade of Patras in defiance of Austria? Ought not the recognition of the republic of South America to be considered as a direct attack against the Holy Alliance? has not England already selected her point d'appu against the continent? and another event, which is preparing, will it not give her the same advantage in the Peninsula?" (Movement of surprise).

"Coupling the allusions with the bickerings at Vienna, the approaching congress at Paris, and the augmentation of our own army on a much more extensive scale than has been avowed (our statements on this subject have not been contradicted), we think we are not going too far when we say that there is, at all events, no ground for calculating confidently on the continuance of peace. It is true the Holy Alliance cannot directly attack us; but it will of course depend much on the nature of their operations on the continent whether we shall remain altogether passive."-Morning Paper.

A bill is before the senate for authorizing congress to make a good road, protected in a proper manner, between the state of Missouri and New Mexico, for the convenience of the trade with the latter country by land, which is represented to. be very considerable. A survey has actually commenced, preparatory to an undertaking to unite by a canal the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, set on foot by some individuals in New York. The route chosen is that by the river St. Juan and the lake of Nicaragua. The election of president of the United States was to take place on the 9th ult., at Washing

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