CHAPTERS I, III, VI, VII, XIII, XIV THE THIRTY YEARS' WAR BIBLIOGRAPHIES The best bibliography of the Thirty Years' War is that given in DahlmannWaitz, Quellenkunde der deutschen Geschichte, 7th edn., edited by E. Brandenburg, in coöperation with other scholars (Leipzig, 1905-6), Book v, Section IV, pp. 517-547 (Der dreissigjährige Krieg, 1618-48), together with some entries in the preceding Section (Die Wiederherstellung des Katholizismus, 1555–1618), and many in Section V (Recht, Verfassung, Verwaltung, Wirtschaft, geistiges Leben). The period from 1648-60 is included in Book vi, Section I (Die Schwäche des Reiches, das Emporkommen Preussens). See also the publications on the general bibliography of German history mentioned in the Bibliography of Chapters V and XXI of Vol. III of this work. Bibliographies of the War, or of parts of it, are given in those of the books enumerated below to the titles of which the abbreviation Bibl. is appended: notably in F. Krones, Ritter von Marchland, Handbuch d. Gesch. Oesterreichs, Vol. I (Berlin, 1878); in F. W. Barthold, Der Grosse Deutsche Krieg vom Tode Gustav Adolf's ab, Vol. II (Stuttgart, 1843); and in J. Janssen, Gesch. d. deutschen Volkes, Vols. v-VIII (Freiburg i. B., 1886–94). A valuable account of the historiography of the Thirty Years' War (Zur Geschichte u. Geschichtschreibung d. 30jähr. Krieges) was contributed by B. Erdmannsdörffer to Histor. Zeitschr., Vol. xiv (1865); and a more recent review of the same subject is appended to G. Winter, Gesch. des dreissigjähr. Krieges (Allgem. Gesch. in Einzeldarstellungen) (Berlin, 1893). Among the special bibliographies the following call for notice: K. Brachmann's of the collection of pamphlets in the Breslau town library, originating in the Winter-King's sojourn at Breslau early in 1620, in Wissensch. Beil. zum Programm d. Wilhelmsgymn. zu Breslau, 1904–5; those concerning the overthrow of Bohemian Protestantism in the enlarged edn. of R. Reuss, La Destruction du Protestantisme en Bohème (Strassburg and Paris, 1868); the Austrian Peasants' Revolt of 1626 in F. Stieve's work on the subject (Munich, 1891); the fall of Magdeburg by G. Droysen, Studien über die Belagerung u. Zerstörung Magdeburgs in Forschungen zur deutsch. Gesch. III, 3; the later Wallenstein literature in the Introductions to G. Irmer's Verhandlungen Schwedens u. seiner Verbündeten mit Wallenstein u. d. Kaiser (3 vols. Leipzig, 1888-91) (see also O. Lorenz in Histor. Zeitschr., Vol. xxxix); the Peace of Westphalia in Vol. 1 of F. W. Ghillany, Diplomat. Handbuch, Nördlingen, 1855. I Of the manuscript materials some indication is given below; had A. Gindely lived to carry out his intention of publishing, under the auspices of the Vienna Academy, the whole of his researches in foreign and home archives, he had intended to add to the completed work a list of all published sources for the entire period from 1618-48 (see his paper Meine Forschungen, etc., Vienna, 1862). The printed official documents from the period of the Thirty Years' War- propositions, Abschiede, edicts, proclamations, official reports, etc. that have escaped destruction 801 51 C. M. H. IV. 802 The Thirty Years' War are numerous; but more peculiar to the period are its enormous semi-official, quasiofficial, and unofficial literature of news, and its miscellaneous pamphlets. The news-sheets of the Thirty Years' War were many, and the title-pages rarely did injustice to their text; among them were the Catholic "ordentliche Zeitungen," probably issued from Vienna, and the weekly posts from many other quarters, especially from the Low Countries. The pamphlet literature comprises a mass of panegyric, admonition, invective, controversy, and scurrility which has hitherto baffled any systematic attempt at digestion and arrangement. Probably few larger and more varied bodies of printed contemporary documents and "monuments" of all sorts connected with the Thirty Years' War exist than that comprised in the Acton collection in the University Library at Cambridge. The whole of this collection, of which a printed catalogue is in course of preparation, has been examined for the purposes of the present Bibliography. Sections 1 (1486-1620) and more particularly 2 of Part 1 of W. C. Knuttel's Catalogue of the collection of pamphlets in the Royal Library at the Hague (The Hague, 1889) possess great value for other besides the specifically Dutch aspects of the Thirty Years' War. And so much of its controversial history is reflected in the literary labours of the indefatigable Society which was closely connected with its origin and course and in the antagonism called forth by them, that frequent reference is necessary to the Bibliothèque de la Compagnie de Jésus, ed. C. Sommervogel, 9 vols., Brussels and Paris, 1890-1900. Some of the most important divisions of the publicistic literature of the War have during recent years been subjected to special research; and the following essays in particular should be consulted by those desirous of ascertaining, not only the inner history of the corresponding sections of the War, but also the sources of their historiography: Krebs, R. Die polit. Publizistik der Jesuiten u. ihrer Gegner in d. letzten Jahrzehnten vor Ausbruch d. dreissigjähr. Krieges. Hallesche Abhandl. z. neueren Gesch. xxv. Halle. 1890. Lorenz, K. Die kirchl.-polit. Parteibildung in Deutschland vor Beginn d. dreis- Gebauer, J. Die Publicistik über d. böhmischen Aufstand von 1618. Hallesche The Hallesche Abhandlungen, of which several of these essays form part, together with many other contributions to the history of the War, were largely due to the inspiration of G. Droysen, to whom all students of the whole field owe an all but incomparable debt. His own bibliographical researches into its history began with a dissertation on the authorship of the Arma Suecica (Halle, 1864), an enquiry into the pamphlet literature which, in the case of that compilation, as in that of others on the history of the War, formed the basis of popular narrative accounts. For a general account of the German archives, national and local, and of their contents, the reader is again referred to C. A. H. Burkhardt's Hand- u. Addressbuch d. Archive im Gebiet d. deutschen Reichs, Luxemburgs, Esterreich-Ungarns, d. russ. Ostseeprovinzen u. d. deutschen Schweiz. 2nd edn. 2 parts. Leipzig, 1887. The German public archives of special importance for the history of the Thirty Years' War and its immediate antecedents are those of Vienna, Munich, and Dresden, and (in alphabetical order) those of Berlin, Breslau, Carlsruhe, Coblenz, Darmstadt, Düsseldorf, Gotha, Hamburg, Hanover, Marburg, Münster, Osnabrück, Stuttgart, Weimar, Wiesbaden, and Wolfenbüttel; but this list does not pretend to be exhaustive. Of foreign archives the most important in the present connexion are those of Brussels, Copenhagen, the Hague, Paris, Stockholm, the Vatican at Rome, and our own Record Office. A few additional notes may be of service. For the antecedents of the War the Munich archives are of special importance, inasmuch as they comprise both those of the Bavarian and those of the Palatine House, and among the latter contain what remains unprinted of the real "Anhalt Chancery." A large portion of Christian's personal correspondence remains at Bernburg. The unpublished correspondence of the Catholic party actively opposed to the Palatine policy is to be found, not so much at Vienna (where most of this material has been made public), as at Simancas in so far as this is not given in the Documentos Ineditos), at Brussels, and at Munich. For the critical period from 1618 to 1620 the Spanish and Bavarian archives are again of almost as great an importance as are, or were, those at Vienna. What was left in the Prague archives after the catastrophe of 1620 was in all probability destroyed at the capture of the Kleinseite by the Swedes in 1648. For the whole of the War from 1620 onwards much material remains unexplored in the archives of Vienna and Munich, as well as in those of Simancas and Paris. The Simancas material for the Palatinate War is particularly valuable; and some of it has now been published. From 1626-30 there were always two Spanish ambassadors at Vienna; and in 1632 their number was increased to four, and for some time remained such. The Paris archives contain a large quantity of diplomatic material supplementary to the personal papers of Richelieu edited by Vicomte d'Avenel the report of his agents, Charnacé, Father Joseph (printed in part by G. Fagniez) and others. Manuscript material for the history of the negotiations with Christian IV and the Danish War may be presumed to remain at Copenhagen; but of greater importance are the contents of the Stockholm archives (explored by E. Hildebrand and others) as bearing both upon the early negotiations with Gustavus Adolphus and on the whole course of the Swedish War. The former, partly published in vol. v of Sveriges Traktater, are supplemented, from 1623 onwards, by the Collectio Cameraria at Munich. The Stockholm archives now include the Oxenstierna archives (formerly at Tidö), the papers of Generals Horn and Banér, of the diplomatists Sattler and Salvius, and of the Count Palatine John Casimir, whose correspondence is of importance for the whole of the War. The manuscript material on the subject of the restitution of ecclesiastical lands is particularly abundant at Dresden, where it fills 20 vols., under the title Die. Restitution der geistlichen Güter. The archives of Berlin, Munich, and Vienna also contain much on this subject. For the negotiations of Wallenstein, besides the archives at Dresden (examined by Helbig, Irmer, and others), those of Paris and Stockholm (the latter explored by B. Dudik) are of primary importance; those of Wiesbaden, Budweis, and Eger also call for mention. Finally, a large amount of manuscript material still remains in family archives. The archives of the Thurn family have recently been discovered by E. Hildebrand 804 The Thirty Years' War at Stockholm (whither they found their way from Livonia); but the papers of Matthias Thurn (who may in a sense be called the beginner of the War) seem, like those of Francis Albert of Saxe-Lauenburg, Kinsky, and others, destined to remain lost. Those of the Schlick family are at Kopidlno. The Arnim family archives at Boitzenburg were examined by D. Kirchner, but only part has been published. Other unexplored archives are those of the Gallas, Aldringer, and Piccolomini families; in the last-named at Siena a large number of manuscript letters of members of the family is stated to be preserved. The manuscript documents concerning Erlach, who played so important a part in the concluding period of the War, long lay buried in the family archives in the Castle of Spiez on the Lake of Thun, but are now fully known. Other copies of these important manuscripts exist in the city library at Bern, and at Weimar. PRINTED BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS I. General history of the War, including the history of more than one of its periods; with the history of its immediate causes, chief features, and direct effects. A. ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS, INCLUDING STATE PAPERS, [Many original documents will also be found in works enumerated under B and C, in this and the following divisions, marked Doc.] Bethlen Gabor. - Diplomatarium zur Gesch. Bethlen Gábors. Ed. A. Gindely. Budapest. 1890. Monumenta comitalia regni Transsilvaniæ. Ed. A. Szilágyi. Vols. VI-IX (1608-37). Budapest. 1880-3. Briefe u. Acten zur Gesch. des dreissigjähr. Krieges in den Zeiten des vorwaltenden Einflusses der Wittelsbacher. (Histor. Commission der K. Bayr. Academie.) Vol. IX: Vom Einfall d. Passauer Kriegsvolks bis zum Nürnberger Kurfürstentag. Bearb. von A. Chroust. Munich. 1903. Vol. x: Der Ausgang d. Regierung Rudolfs II u. d. Anfänge d. Kais. Matthias. Bearb. von A. Chroust. Munich. 1906. Christian IV. - Kong Kristian d. Fjerdes egenhaendige breve. Edd. C. F. Bricka and J. A. Fridericia. 7 vols. Copenhagen. 1883-90. Correspondance politique adressée au magistrat de Strasbourg par ses agents à Metz (1594-1683). Publ. par E. de Bouteiller et E. Heppe. Paris. 1883. Dietrichstein, Cardinal von. - Trampler, R. Korrespondenz des Kardinals Franz Fürsten von Dietrichstein, 1609-11. Archiv für oesterreich. Gesch. XLV. Dudik, B. Korrespondenz K. Ferdinands II u. s. erl. Familie mit P. Martin Becanus u. P. Wilhelm Lamormaini. Archiv für oesterreich. Gesch. LIV. Ferdinand II. - Wahl u. Krönungshandlung, d. i. Gründliche u. gewisse Verzeichniss aller Potentaten...soviel derin auff Königl. Wahltag zu Franckfurdt a. M. in diesen 1619. Jahr ankommen...haben. Frankfort. 1619. Fiedler, J. Die Relationen der Botschafter Venedigs über Deutschland u. Oesterreich im 17. Jahrh. Vol. 1: Matthias Ferdinand III. Fontes rerum Austr. XXVI. Vienna. 1866. Förster, F. Albrechts von Wallenstein...ungedruckte, eigenhändige, vertrauliche Briefe u. amtliche Schreiben....Mit einer Charakteristik d. Lebens u. d. Feld |