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Taliaque illacrimans mutæ jace verba favillæ :
Huic misero fatum dura puella fuit.

II.

Liber eram, et vacuo meditabar vivere lecto;
At me composita pace fefellit Amor.
Cur hæc in terris facies humana moratur?
Juppiter, ignoro pristina furta tua.

Fulva coma est, longæque manus, et maxima toto
Corpore, et incedit vel Jove digna soror,

barbarous form, we are bound to suppose. Kuinoel refers to Cæsar, Bell. Gall. iv. 24. Sueton. Calig. 51. Virg. Georg. iii. 204. The concluding lines of this elegy Kuinoel rightly calls 'suavissimus locus.'

II. This short but elegant elegy describes in glowing terms his admiration of Cynthia's beauty, and is a kind of apology for his having become so deeply enamoured of her, in violation of a solemn resolution to leave her.

I Quærebam, Kuinoel, which has no MS. authority, and is supposed by Lachmann to have arisen from an oversight on the part of Scaliger. It is not nearly so elegant as meditabar. -composita pace is explained by Kuinoel ficta, simulata, as componis insidias iii. 24, 19; componere fraudes ii. 9, 31. But Lachmann (Præf. p. XXV.) understands 'pacem integrato amore cum Cynthia factam,' quoting from Livy ii. 13. his conditionibus composita pace,' and En. vii. 339. 'Disjice compositam pacem.' Thus the sense seems rather to be, 'I vainly flattered myself, that having made a truce with love, I should live for the future unmolested by him.' Compare v. i. 138. Et Veneris pueris utilis

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hostis eris.' The peace is that made with Love, not that with Cynthia, as Lachmann thought. From ii. 3, 3, it seems that his resolution to live apart only lasted a month.

3 'Why does so fair a form still linger on earth?' I think nothing of those famous charms with which you made free, O Jupiter, when I compare them with Cynthia.' Ignoro approaches closely to the English use; 'I ignore them;' i.e. I do not take any account of them, ἐκφαυλίζομαι. ignosco, which is written above the word in the Naples MS., not only changes the sense materially but absolutely requires another construction. The meaning is, if Jupiter were really as amorous as he is represented in the legends, he certainly would have carried Cynthia up to the sky.

5 Longa manus, 'taper hands.' A well-shaped hand is a part of a portrait which is especially regarded; and it is well known how proud the possessors of such a feature are wont to be.-Jove digna soror, a brief expression for quæ sit Jovis soror; 'worthy of Jove as his sister.' Fulva coma est. The light flaxen hair of the Teutonic type, so common in those of Saxon descent in our country, but so rare among the black-haired

Aut cum Dulichias Pallas spatiatur ad aras, Gorgonis anguiferæ pectus operta comis. Qualis et Ischomache, Lapithæ genus, heroïne, Centauris medio grata rapina mero, Mercurio et Sais fertur Bobeïdos undis

Virgineum primo composuisse latus. Cedite jam, divæ, quas pastor viderat olim Idæis tunicas ponere verticibus.

and olive-complexioned natives of the south of Europe, was greatly admired by both Greeks and Romans. The former called it gaven, a word difficult to disconnect with gaivw, on the analogy of our word flaren. ολη Kóμn was crisp, woolly hair, as opposed to hair which could be plaited or woven from its soft and pliant nature, and the word gaveǹ may have passed into the secondary signification of the colour of such hair.

7 The epithet Dulichias appears to refer to some cultus of Pallas in the island of Dulichium (one of the Echinades), of which no account has come down to us. As this goddess was the especial patroness of Ulysses, in whose dominions the island lay, (see iii. 5, 4,) it seems rash to alter the word to Munychias, as Kuinoel has done with some of the corrected copies. The next line describes the ægis: see on v. 9, 58. For aut cum Hertzberg and others suggest ut cum, with great probability. But the idea in the poet's mind may have been 'Cynthia is as fair as Juno or Pallas.'

9 I quite agree with Hertzberg, that the common reading, Lapithe genus heroina, cannot be defended. As the good copies agree in heroine, it seems better to consider it as the Greek form of the nominative. Lapithe is the genitive singular of Lapithes, the hero or eponym of the

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Lapitha. Ischomache (called also Hippodamia) was the wife of Pirithous, king of the Lapithæ; and it was at her nuptials, and in consequence of her being carried off by a Centaur, that the battle between the Centaurs and the Lapithæ arose. See inf. ii. 6, 18.

11 The Naples and Groning. MSS. have Mercurio satis. Lachmann and Kuinoel edit sanctis from an interpolated copy; Jacob Saitis, from his own conjecture: Hertzberg with Pucci, Mercurio et Sais. For primo in the pentameter Lachmann and Kuinoel give Brimo (Вpiμò) a name of Proserpine, who is said to have been assaulted by Mercury near the Boebian lake in Thessaly; for which legend reference is given to several grammarians in Kuinoel's note. The correction, which is Turnebe's, is exceedingly ingenious and probable. On the other hand, Minerva is called • Σάϊς κατὰ τὴν Αἰγυπτίων φωνὴν in Pausanias, ix. 12, 2, (the reference in Hertzberg's note to the Schol. on Esch. Sept. c. Theb. 169 is a mistake,) and all accounts represent Proserpine not only as having successfully resisted the advances of Mercury, but even as having derived her name Brimo from the terrible fury she displayed on this very occasion. But Jacob and Hertzberg incline to the opinion that the Egyptian Minerva

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Hanc utinam faciem nolit mutare senectus,

Etsi Cumææ secula vatis aget.

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III.

Qui nullam tibi dicebas jam posse nocere,
Hæsisti: cecidit spiritus ille tuus.
Vix unum potes, infelix, requiescere mensem,
Et turpis de te jam liber alter erit.
Quærebam, sicca si posset piscis arena,
Nec solitus ponto vivere torvus aper,
Aut ego si possem studiis vigilare severis:
Differtur, numquam tollitur ullus amor.
Nec me tam facies, quamvis sit candida, cepit,-
Lilia non domina sint magis alba mea:
Ut Mæotica nix minio si certet Hibero,
Utque rose puro lacte natant folia;—

was essentially the same in her attri-
butes as Proserpine, and that Pro-
pertius has followed (as in so many
other instances) a somewhat different
legend from any which is known to
us. A verse of Hesiod preserved by
Strabo, ix. 5, is believed to refer to
this legend, viato Boibiádos Xíμvns
πόδα παρθένος ἀδμής.

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16 Et sic Kuinoel, contrary to the good copies, and with great detriment to the sense, which is obvious: ‘may her beauty never be spoiled by age, though she live as long as the Sibyl.'

III. The subject is much the same as the last. The poet admits, while he alleges the reasons of, his complete enslavement to his mistress.

I The MSS. have nullum, which Jacob alone retains, while he assents to the correction of Heinsius, nullam. The poet addresses himself: 'This

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then, is the end of all your boasting and fastus' (i. 1, 3.)

4 Liber alter. The first book was therefore already published, and only a month before the commencement of the second.

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5 Quærebam, etc. In this resolve' (see v. 1. of the preceding) ‘I was in fact expecting the impossibility of an animal living out of its own element.' On nec solitus see iii. 20, 52. 7 'Another attempt was, to devote myself to severe studies.' K. compares iv. 21, 25.

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II Minio Hibero, vermilion from Spain,' i. e. cinnabar, or ore of Mercury. K. refers to Pliny N.H. 33, 7. The piros of Homer proves its use as a colouring matter from very early times.

12 The elegant comparison of roseleaves in milk with the delicate colour of a youthful face occurs also in Æn.

xii. 68.

Nec de more comæ per levia colla fluentes,
Non oculi, geminæ, sidera nostra, faces;
Nec si qua Arabio lucet bombyce puella,-

Non sum de nihilo blandus amator ego,-
Quantum quod posito formose saltat Iaccho,
Egit ut euantes dux Ariadna choros,
Et quantum, Æolio cum tentat carmina plectro,
Par Aganippeæ ludere docta lyræ,

Et sua cum antiquæ committit scripta Corinnæ,
Carminaque Erinnes non putat æqua suis.
Num tibi nascenti primis, mea vita, diebus
Candidus argutum sternuit omen Amor?

aut mixta rubent ubi lilia multa alba rosa.' (K.)

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15 Si qua, i.e. si forte vel quandocunque.' Jacob; which Hertzberg approves of, comparing En. i. 18, 'Si qua fata sinant.' He might have added ib. vi. 883, 'si qua fata aspera rumpas, ἤν πως. But I think siqua is for si aliqua, and that the meaning is this nor is it from the mere accident of a girl dressing in silk: I am not a man to become a devoted lover on such trifling grounds.' So iii. 4, 10, Nec siqua illustres femina jactat aros.'- blandus amator, i. e. qui blanditias adhibet, qui captare studet. Jacob draws a refined distinction between 'quia pulcra est et quod saltat,' and' si forte et quum ;' the causal and the conditional. On the silk dresses of the Roman ladies see on i. 2, 2. Becker, Gallus, p. 442 &c.

17 From this verse (and inf. 33.) the true character of Cynthia (i.e. as a meretrix) is sufficiently apparent. For her polite accomplishments see i. 2, 27.

20 Aganippeæ lyra, the Muses.par appears to be the nominative.

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21 Et cum, and when &c.' Hertzberg rightly observes that Corinnæ is

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the dative, being used for scriptis Corinna by a well known idiom. Otherwise the construction might have been cum (scriptis) Corinnæ, ovv Tois Tns &c., but that the poet would have written Corinnes, as Hertz. remarks. Compare ii. 8, 23, 'Et sua cum miseræ permiscuit ossa puellæ.'

22 The MSS. generally have carmina quæ quivis (evidently a correction), or quæ lyrnes. The latter (in MS. Gron.) retains a vestige of the true reading, which was restored by Beroaldus.-Corinna was a Boeotian poetess, contemporary with Pindar. Erinna lived still earlier (about B.C. 600.) Both wrote in the Eolic dialect, whence Eolio plectro, v. 19. There can be no doubt that in the Augustan age the ancient lyric poetry of Greece was extant in its integrity, and it is not easy to understand why such very scanty and corrupt fragIments have alone descended to our times.-The sentiment, perhaps, is not intended to be so boastful as it appears at first sight: 'she vies with the poetesses of old' is what the poet wished to express. There is an hyperbole however in either case.

24 The MSS. have arduus or ar

Hæc tibi contulerunt cælestia munera divi;
Hæc tibi ne matrem forte dedisse putes.
Non, non humani sunt partus talia dona;
Ista decem menses non peperere bona.
Gloria Romanis una es tu nata puellis;
Romana accumbes prima puella Jovi.
Nec semper nobiscum humana cubilia vises;

Post Helenam hæc terris forma secunda redit.
Hac ego nunc mirer si flagret nostra juventus?
Pulchrius hac fuerat, Troja, perire tibi.
Olim mirabar, quod tanti ad Pergama belli
Europæ atque Asiæ causa puella fuit:
Nunc, Pari, tu sapiens, et tu, Menelae, fuisti,
Tu, quia poscebas, tu, quia lentus eras.
Digna quidem facies, pro qua vel obiret Achilles;

didus. Kuinoel gives aureus from
Heinsius. Jacob and Lachmann can-
didus, which, being preserved by
Macrobius, who quotes this verse
(though with the error of augustæ for
argutum), seems evidently the true
reading, especially as the accidental
omission or obliteration of the initial

25

30

35

26 Forte (i.e. fortuito) dedisse are to be connected, not forte putes. On the rhyme in the following distich see i. 17, 5.

30 The MSS. have accumbens. With some probability Lachmann and Jacob propose to change the order of these lines, so that nec semper &c. should be followed by Romana ac

38 Lentus, sc. in reddendo quam injuria rapuisti.

C would account for the reading ar-
didus. Hertzberg's usual good judg-cumbes &c.
ment fails him here, when he says
there is no reason why we should re-
ject ardidus, (which he gives in the
text,) since it may have been formed
from ardeo after the analogy of timi-
dus, tumidus, fervidus, &c. The ap-
peal to what may have been is always
unsafe in a critic, who has only to
deal with what is, in the state in
which a language exists as known to
him. The omen of sneezing was con-
sidered lucky even from the time of
Homer (Od. xvii., 541), and a similar
passage to the present is quoted from
Theocr. vii. 96, Σιμιχίδᾳ μὲν Ερωτες
ἐπέπταρον.

39 'Beauty (in the abstract) I now feel to have been worth dying for, to say nothing of the anger of Achilles from the same cause: nay, it was deserving of approval (probari debebat) as a motive for war even by the aged Priam.' Lachmann reads foret with the MS. Groning. But this would imply the awkward ellipse of vel (quæ) foret, &c., the subjunctive depending on digna. The same MS. has PriaThe verse has evidently been tampered with. Allusion is made to that fine scene, Il. iii. 154.

mus.

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