They were in fact a body of French lancers, but the mistake was not dis covered in time to receive the squadrons of the enemy in proper formation. The Highlanders endeavoured to throw themselves into a kind of square, which movement being observed by the enemy, they galloped up and charged the Highlanders with great impetuosity before they had nearly completed their formation. The enemy were, however, repulsed, and forced back at every point. The regiment now formed itself into a compact square, and in that situation gallantly withstood the repeated attacks of the lancers, who were unable to make any impression. At the end of every charge, the enemy, turning their backs, scampered off to a short distance, amid the jeers and laughter of the Highlanders, who kept firing at them both on their approach and retreat. Finding all their attempts against the Highland phalanx fruitless, the enemy desisted from the attack.

The principal loss sustained by the Highlanders was at the first onset; yet it was by no means so severe as might have been expected. Lieutenant-colonel Sir Robert Macara, Lieutenant Robert Gordon and Ensign William Gerrard, two sergeants, and forty rank and file were killed. Including officers, there were two hundred and forty-three wounded. The names of the officers were Lieutenant-colonel Dick, Captains A. Menzies, George Davidson (who died of his wounds), Donald Macdonald, Donald Mackintosh, and Robert Boyle, Lieutenants Donald Chisholm, Duncan Stewart, Donald Mackenzie, Hugh Angus Fraser, John Malcolm, and A. Dunbar, Ensigns William Fraser and A. L Fraser, and Adjutant James Young.

In the battle of Waterloo, in which the regiment was partially engaged, the 42d had only five men killed and forty-five wounded. In these last are included the following officers, viz.: Captain Mungo Macpherson, Lieutenants John Orr, George Gunn Munro, Hugh Angus Fraser, and James Brander, and Quarter-master Donald Mackintosh.

With the battle of Waterloo, the last of a long series of engagements, the present history of the 42d regiment, embracing a period of seventyfive years, ends. It has been observed, as a remarkable circumstance in the history of the Royal Highlanders, that on every occasion when they fired a shot at an enemy, (except at Ticonderoga, where success was almost impossible,) they were successful to such an extent at least, that whatever the general issue of the battle might be, that part of the enemy opposed to them never stood their ground, unless the Highlanders were by insurmountable obstacles prevented from closing upon them. Fontenoy even does not form an exception, for although the allies were defeated, the Highlanders carried the points assigned them, and then, as at Ticonderoga, they were the last to leave the field.*

After the surrender of Paris the regiment returned to England, whence they marched for Scotland in the spring of eighteen hundred and six

• Stewart.

teen.

On their arrival in the vicinity of Edinburgh on the eighteenth of March, an immense number of the inhabitants went out several miles to welcome the heroes to the capital of their native land; and on entering the suburb of the Canongate the crowd was so dense, and the pressure of the moving mass so great, that the pipers and band were obliged to put up their instruments for want of room to play, and of the soldiers little was seen except their bonnets and feathers. In the spacious Highstreet of the city the crowd was equally great, and the windows of that majestic and continued double range of lofty houses, extending from the Watergate to the Castle-hill, were filled with spectators, chiefly ladies. In marching into the castle, Lieutenant-colonel Robert Dick, who had succeeded Lieutenant-colonel Macara in the command, was accompanied at the head of the regiment by Major-general Hope, commander of the forces, and Colonel (afterwards major-general) David Stewart of Garth. In consequence of the density of the crowd, the march towards the castle was so much impeded, that the soldiers took an hour and a quarter to walk from the palace of Holyrood to the castle gate, where they experienced the utmost difficulty to disengage themselves from the crowd. All the city bells were rung on the occasion, and during their march through the city the spectators rent the air with their acclamations. Nor did this manifestation of public feeling towards this meritorious body of men stop here. A public dinner was given to them in the Assembly Rooms, George-street, which was superintended by Sir Walter Scott and other eminent citizens; and each soldier was presented with a ticket of admission to the theatre for one night.

Nothing now remains but to give a summary of the number of men that entered the regiment, from its formation down to the battle of Waterloo, and the number of those who were killed, wounded, died of sickness, or were discharged during that period.

The grand total of men embodied in the Black Watch and 42d or Royal Highland regiment, from its origin at Tay Bridge in April 1740, to 24th June, 1815, exclusive of the second battalion of 1780* and that of 1803,+ was

Of these there were killed, during that period, exclusive of thirty-five officers,

Wounded during the same period, exclusive of one hundred and thirty-three officers,

816

Died by sickness, wounds, and various casualties, including those who were discharged and those who volunteered into other regiments, when the 42d left America in 1767, up to 25th June, 1793,

2413

2275

8792

• There was no exchange of men and officers between this and the first battalion. + The number of men who died in this battalion from December, 1803, to 24th October, 1814, was 322. The number discharged and transferred to the first battalion and to other regiments, from 1803 till the reduction in 1814, was 965 men.

Died by sickness, wounds, and various casualties, from 25th June, 1793, to 24th June, 1815,

Discharged during same period,

1135*

138

8262

Unaccounted for during same period, having been left sick in an enemy's country, prisoners, &c.

Number remaining in the first battalion on 24th June, 1815,

530

When it is considered that out of seventy-five years' service, fortyfive were spent in active warfare, the trifling loss of the regiment by the enemy will appear extraordinary; and the smallness of that loss can only be accounted for by the determined bravery and firmness of the men, it being now the opinion of military men that troops, who act vigorously, suffer less than those who are slow and cautious in their operations.

The deaths by sickness ir. the second battalion are not included. This battalion sus tained very little loss in war.

LOUDON'S HIGHLANDERS.-1745.

NEXT in order of date, this regiment falls to be noticed.

The bravery displayed by Lord John Murray's Highlanders at Fontenoy opened the eyes of government to the importance of securing the military services of the clans. It was, therefore, determined to repair, in part, the loss sustained in that well-fought action, by raising a second regiment in the Highlands, and authority to that effect was granted to the Earl of Loudon. By the influence of the noblemen, chiefs, and gentlemen of the country, whose sons and connexions were to be appointed officers, a body of twelve hundred and fifty men was raised, of whom seven hundred and fifty assembled at Inverness, and the remainder at Perth. The whole were formed into a battalion of twelve companies, under the following officers, their commissions being dated the eighth of June, seventeen hundred and forty-five.

Colonel.-John Campbell, earl of Loudon, who died in 1782, a general in the army.

Lieutenant-colonel.-John Campbell, (late duke of Argyle,) who died a fieldmarshal in 1806.

Captains.

John Murray, (late duke of Athole,) son of Lord George Murray.
Alexander Livingston Campbell, son of Ardkinglass.

John Macleod, younger of Macleod.

Henry Munro, son of Colonel Sir Robert Munro of Fowlis.

Lord Charles Gordon, brother of the duke of Gordon.

John Stewart, son of the earl of Moray.

Alexander Mackay, son of Lord Reay.

Ewen Macpherson of Clunie.

John Sutherland of Forse.

Colin Campbell of Ballimore, killed at Culloden.

Archibald Macnab, who died a lieutenant-general in 1791, son of the laird of

Macnab.

Colin Campbell of Kilberrie.
Alexander Maclean.

Lieutenants.

John Campbell of Strachur, who died in 1806, a general in the army, and colonel of the 57th regiment.

Duncan Robertson of Drumachuine,

afterwards of Strowan.

Patrick Campbell, son of Achallader.
Donald Macdonald.

James Macpherson of Killihuntly

Before the regiment was disciplined, the rebellion broke out, and so rapid were the movements of the rebels, that the communication between the two divisions, at Perth and Inverness, was cut off. They were therefore obliged to act separately. The formation of the regiment at the time was considered a fortunate circumstance, as many of the men would certainly have joined in the insurrection; and indeed several of the officers and men went over to the rebels. Four companies were employed in the central and southern Highlands, whilst the rest were occupied in the northern Highlands, under Lord Loudon. Three companies under the Hon. Captains Stewart and Mackay, and Captain Munro of Fowlis, were, with all their officers, taken prisoners at the battle of Gladsmuir. Three other companies were also at the battle of Culloden, where Captain Campbell and six men were killed, and two soldiers wounded.

On the thirtieth of May, seventeen hundred and forty-seven, the regiment embarked at Burntisland for Flanders, but it did not join the duke of Cumberland's army till after the battle of Lafeldt, on the second of July. Though disappointed of the opportunity which this battle would

* General Reid was the son of Alexander Robertson of Straloch, whose forefathers, for more than three centuries, were always called Barons Rua, Roy, or Red, from the first of the family having red hair. The signature of the representative of the family, however, was always Robertson, all the younger children bearing that name. The general, though the heir of the family, however, did not observe this rule, but kept the name and signature, of Red, which he changed in the signature to Reid. He had a good taste for music, and was one of the best flute-players of the age. When major of the 42d, he set the words of "The Garb of Old Gaul," written by Captain, afterwards Sir Charles Erskine, to music, a composition which has ever since been the regimental march. He left £52,000 in the per cents., subject to the life-rent of his daughter, for the purpose of establishing a professorship of music in the university of Edinburgh, where he was edu. cated, the salary not to be less than £300 per annum. By his will, he appointed an annual concert to be held in the hall of the professor of music, on the anniversary of his oirth-day, thirteenth January, to commence with several pieces of his own composition, among the first of which is that of the "The Garb of Old Gaul."