The dependence of the Modern Church upon the Ancient Church.

A Test of the moral condition of the Ancient Church .

Antiquity of the opinions concerning religious celibacy

Connexion of the subject with the present controversy

STATEMENT OF THE ARGUMENT.

The ancient celibacy a principal element of ancient christianity

PAGE

V

15

39

55

102

119

CONNEXION OF THE ANCIENT CELIBATE WITH THE NOTIONS ENTER-
TAINED OF THE DIVINE NATURE.

The celibate the product of gnostic feeling. The principles of the

oriental theosophy, earlier and later: opposition of the church to the

gnostic heresies, while it imbibed the sentiment of them. The ab-

stractive doctrine, and the penitential, both admitted by the ancient

church. Indications of the gnostic theosophy in Athanasius, Gre-

gory Nyssen, Gregory Nazianzen, Basil, and Synesius

: 145

CONNEXION OF THE CELIBATE WITH THE NOTIONS ENTERTAINED OF

THE SCHEME OF SALVATION.

Combination of the Buddhist, or abstractive, and the Braminical, or

penitential principles in Popery-and in the ascetic institute of the

nicene church. The consequent exclusion of evangelical doctrines

and feelings. Citations from Chrysostom, Boethius, Vincentius,

b

Origen. Panegyric memoirs and epitaphic orations. Isidore: Life

of St. Anthony by Athanasius, and eulogy of Athanasius by Na-

zianzen: eulogium of Cyprian by the same. Life of Cyprian by

his deacon Pontius. Ambrose and his funeral oration on the death

of his brother Satyrus. Ephrem's story of the monk Abraham and

Mary. Chrysostom on the parable of the ten virgins, compared

with Macarius

PAGE

176

FURTHER MEANS OF ESTIMATING THE QUALITY OF THE NICENE

THEOLOGY.

The choice of texts. The epistolary style of the nicene writers. The

mythic exposition of scripture, and Origen's reason for resorting to

it. Chrysostom's expositions. True and false perspective in reli-

gion, and the admissions of the Oxford Tract writers concerning

the slender evidence of church principles. Analysis of Chrysostom's

nine homilies on repentance.

227

THE RULE OF RELIGIOUS CELIBACY, AS LAID DOWN IN THE NEW

TESTAMENT.

The analogous instance of the rule of martyrdom. Observations on

Luke xx. 35. Import of Matt. xix. 12, illustrated by our Lord's

personal behaviour, and this compared with that of St. Martin of

Tours. Import of 1 Cor. vii. Practical comment of the nicene

monks upon the apostolic rule. Rev. xiv. 1-4, symbolical, not

literal

THE PREDICTED ASCETIC APOSTASY.

1 Tim. iv. plainly applicable to the ancient ascetic institute. Illus-

trations of the fulfilment of the prediction.

277

299

THE EXTENT OF THE ASCETIC INSTITUTE, AND THE SANCTION IT

RECEIVED FROM THE NICENE CHURCH.

Derivation of the anchoretic and monastic life: its general charac-

teristics and localities. Testimonies in its favour from Methodius,

Lactantius, council of Nice, and synods of Ancyra and Neocæsarea.

The Apostolic Constitutions. Eusebius, Athanasius, Cyril, Hilary,

Epiphanius, Basil, Gregory Naz., Ephrem, Gregory Nyss., Ambrose,

Jerome, Mark, Rufinus, Augustine, Chrysostom, and later writers. 313

THE OPPOSITION MADE TO THE ANCIENT ASCETICISM.

The extent of the opposition indifferent to the present argument. In-

dications of dissent. Jovinian and Vigilantius overpowered by

Jerome, Ambrose, and Augustine .

MONKERY AND MIRACLE.

The difference between romish and nicene legends-Alban Butler and

Jerome; life of St. Hilarion

MONKERY, THE RELIGION OF SOUTHERN EUROPE.

Permanent characteristics of the South of Europe. The ancient

asceticism as related to a disordered social condition

MORAL QUALITY OF THE ASCETIC INSTITUTE, AS IT AFFECTED THE

MONKS THEMSELVES.

In its principal elements the monastic life incompatible with genuine

virtue

PAGE

333

347

352

357

THE NECESSARY OPERATION OF AN ASCETIC INSTITUTE UPON THE

MASS OF CHRISTIANS.

Arbitrary distinctions among Christians, fatal to Piety and Morals 371

THE INDIRECT INFLUENCE OF THE MONASTIC INSTITUTE UPON THE

POSITION OF THE CLERGY.

The ascetics constituted a class to be maintained, a class contributing

to the funds of the Church, and a class to be governed.

379

THE DIRECT INFLUENCE OF THE CELIBATE UPON THE CLERGY.

The progress of opinion, ending necessarily in the enforced celibacy

of the clergy. The Fathers and the Inspired Writers at issue on

this point

THE CONNEXION OF THE ASCETIC INSTITUTE WITH RITUAL NOTIONS

AND PRACTICES.

The nicene Sacramental doctrine the consequence of the condition of

the clerical mind, and only another expression of the ascetic prin-

ciple. The taste for the marvellous, characteristic of the ascetic

life, sought its gratification in this line. The rites of the Church,

means of government. The present feeling at Rome concerning

Oxford Tract doctrines

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES AND CITATIONS

388

397

411

THE VISIBLE CHURCH, ACCORDING TO CHRIST'S PREDICTIONS AND

PARABLES.

·

The

Relation of this inquiry to romanism and infidelity. Sermon on the

Mount. Formalism of the Pharisees. Parable of the seed in the

field-relating to the visible church. Not peace but a sword.'

Christ's flesh, his doctrine. Corban. What defileth a man.

key of knowledge, and the tract on Reserve. Building the tombs of

the prophets. The twelve thrones. Matt. xxiv. and John xiv-xvii.

The visible and the true church. Christ's final instructions to the

Apostles, personal and official. Absolution, and modern evangelizing

zeal.

CHURCH PRINCIPLES, ACCORDING TO THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES.

Historical quality of the book. The first christians contrasted with—

Sadducees, Pharisees, and Essenes. Community of goods. The

council at Jerusalem. Breaking of bread.' Paul's charge to the

Miletian elders

THE EUCHARISTIC LITURGY ATTRIBUTED TO CHRYSOSTOM.

PAGE

417

512

548

VOL. II.

DEDICATORY LETTER.

ix

THE AUTHOR AND HIS OPPONENTS

A GENERAL REPLY TO OBJECTIONS, BY A RE-STATEMENT OF THE

QUESTION.

18

What the Question is not.-The Deference claimed for Antiquity
must be challenged on the assumed Ground of FACT, or Hy-
POTHESIS, or THEORY

The Question stated concerning the assumed FACT-Illustration
of the Bearing of this Question on the present Controversy.

SALVIAN of Marseilles, his Time and Character

His Evidence as to the Condition of the Christian World, at the

Close of the Nicene Era.

His Declarations as to the universal pravity of the Church, and

the general Corruption of Morals

40

The Motive of the Caution he uses as to the Monks and Clergy

Comparative moral Condition of the Catholic Church, and the

heretical Barbarians.

47

State of North Africa, and Morals of the Carthaginian Church 6.5

Romanism a Reform of Ancient Christianity

The Value of Salvian's Evidence

Inquiry as to the internal or spiritual Condition of the Nicene

Church

Alternative as to the Genuineness of the Evidence now to be pro-
duced

The Standard of Piety we must appeal to

Ancient Religious Memoirs

The Lausiac History of Palladius

The Saints of this History.

80

82

84

86

87

89

A Comparison, on several Points, between Ancient and Modern

Piety

118

The total Absence of Evangelical Sentiments among those reckoned
the most Eminent for Sanctity in the ancient Church.

STATEMENT OF THE HYPOTHESIS ON WHICH A RELIGIOUS DEFERENCE

TO ANTIQUITY MIGHT BE MADE TO REST

Bishop Newton's Allegations on this subject, and the Evidence to which
he appeals, from the writings of Basil

THE GENERAL INFERENCE, AFFECTING THE HYPOTHESIS OF CHURCH

PRINCIPLES

222

CONTENTS OF THE SUPPLEMENT TO THE FIFTH NUMBER.

Passages from Bishop Newton's Twenty-third Dissertation

iii

The original Passages from Salvian's Treatise, De Gubernatione Dei,

cited, or referred to in the Fifth number

vii

Citations in support of Salvian's Testimony, from Augustine, Chryso-
stom, Ammianus Marcellinus, and Cyprian

xxix