Interim dum talia parant, exploratores in silva, quae castellum vergit, subitanea tubarum et vocum significatione accelerant. Castellum cum armatis legionibus obfirmatum in proximo sibimet asserunt, clerico ibi et 5 Heribaldo relictis solis in claustro, celeres pro se quisque viri foras festinant et, ut assueti erant, priusquam quis credat, parati in acie stabant. Audita autem castelli natura, quod obsideri non possit, locum autem longo collo et artissimo impugnantibus maximo damno certoque peri10 culo adibilem, tutores eius suae multitudini, dum victualia habeant, modo viri sint, nunquam cessuros, monasterio, eo quod Gallus deus eius ignipotens sit, tandem omisso, villae domos, ut videre possint, nam nox proxima erat aliquas incendunt et, silentio tubis et vocibus indicto, 15 via quae Constanciam ducit abeunt. Castellani autem cum monasterium ardere putassent, abitu eorum comperto, per compendia eos insecuti exploratores de longe multitudinem prosecutos in faciem aggressi, quosdam occidunt; unum autem vulneratum captum 20 aveunt; ceteri vix fuga lapsi multitudini tubis ut caveant significant. At illi campos et planitiem, quam citissime poterant, optinentes aciemque, prout copia esset, alacriter instruentes vehiculis et caeteris impedimentis circumpositis, noctem vigiliis partiuntur fusique per 25 herbas vino et somno taciti indulgent. Mane autem prima villas proximas incurrentes, si quid fugientes reliquerint investigant et rapiunt cunctaque quae praetereunt aedificia exurunt. At Engilvertus hostium invasionis primicerius castellum repetere, caeteris dimissis, cum paucis eque 30 audacibus monasterium vitabundus inambulat, si aliqui = 10. adibilem: 'approachable.' — 16. Castellani: the occupants, for the time-being, of the castle. — 20. aveunt avehunt; 2 (4). — 28. Engilvertus: 2 (2). - hostium ostium; 2(4). — primicerius: 'abbot.' = ad insidias relicti sint explorat. Heribaldi fratris fatuitatem bene quidem nati miserans, si vel corpus eius ad sepeliendum inveniant sollicite investigant. Illo quidem nusquam reperto nam cacumen proximi montis, vix a clerico persuasus, cum ipso occupans inter arbusta et 5 frutecta latuit - miserabatur adhuc, si tantae simplicitatis mancipium hostes quidem secum abegerint. Miratus aetiam vini vasa ab hostibus nimium bibulis vitata, gratias Deo egit. — Chaps. 52–55. THE DUCHESS HADWIG AT HER MORNING LESSON Altera dein die, cum diluculo, ut ibi solebant, silentium 10 regulae, cuius et ipsa exactrix erat sollicita, de more persolvisset nam iam monasterium in monte statuere coeperat magistrum lectura adiit. Et cum sedisset, ad quid puer ille venerit, ipso astante, inter caetera quesivit. "Propter Grecismum," ille ait, "domina mi! 15 Ut ab ore vestro aliquid raperet, alias sciolum vobis illum Puer autem ipse pulcher aspectu, metro cum esset paratissimus, sic intulit: "Esse velim Grecus, cum sim vix, domna, Latinus." In quo illa, sicut novarum rerum cupida, adeo est delectata, 20 ut ad se tractum osculata scabello pedum proximius locaret. A quo, ut repentinos sibi adhuc versus faceret, = illo: 1C. 5. ipso 6. frutecta: 'bushes.' 11. regulae: the monastic requirement of silence in study hours. ipsa: the widow Hadwig, Duchess of Swabia, whom Ekkehart II was permitted to instruct at the castle of Hohentwiel (the monasterium here mentioned). exactrix: 'stickler.' 13. magistrum: Ekkehart II, nephew of Ekkehart I, the distinguished author. -14. ad quid quid. - puer: the young Purchard, the second of that name, abbot 1001-1022. - 21. pedum: redundant. = 10 curiosa exegerat. Puer vero magistros intuitus, quasi talis osculi insuetus, haec intulit: "Non possum prorsus dignos componere versus ; 5 Illa vero extra solitam severitatem in chachinnos versa, tandem puerum coram se statuit et eum antiphonam, "Maria et flumina," quam ipsa in Grecum transtulit, canere docuit ita : "Thalassi ke potami, eulogiton kyrion; ymnite pigonton kyrion alleluia." Crebroque illum postea, cum vacasset, ad se vocatum, repentinis ab eo versibus exactis, grecissare docuit et unice dilexit. Tandem quoque abeuntem Oratio et quibusdam aliis quos hodie armarium nostrum habet 15 donavit libris. - Chap. 94. 5. chachinnos: 2 (4). 7. "Maria et flumina ": for this antiphon cf. Daniel's Thesaurus, III. 78. — ipsa in Grecum transtulit: Hadwig as a princess had been educated in Greek, because of her matrimonial prospects, when betrothed to the king of Greece. 12. grecissare: 'to play the Greek.'—14. armarium: ‘library.' ADAMI GESTA HAMMABURGENSIS ECCLESIAE PONTIFICUM Adam of Bremen was born in upper Saxony some time during the first half of the 11th century, came to Bremen about 1068, by 1069 was master of a cathedral school conducted there under the control of Archbishop Adalbert, visited the king of Denmark, and on his return, after the death of his patron Adalbert, wrote the history of the dio Adam's history did not confine itself to the church and the diocese of Hamburg, by any means, but rather included much concerning all the countries around the Baltic, particularly the Scandinavian peoples and their colonies. He was especially interested in geography and tells the story of Leif Ericsson's voyage of discovery to America, as well as other interesting accounts of persons, places and travels, trade and markets. The fourth book of his history, indeed, has the separate title, Descriptio Insularum Aquilonis. He is considered among the best and most important historical writers of the mediaeval period. MASTER AND PUPIL DICTATION EXERCISE Adam's Latin is somewhat repetitious, and exhibits some of the common faults of the time, such as carelessness about prep ositions and the use of moods, confusion of genders, the use of compound for simple verbs, and the erratic spelling of his contemporaries; but it presents no striking difficulties. Among the various editions should be mentioned the one by Lappenberg in the series Scriptores Rerum Germanicarum, Hannover, 1846 (issued again in 1876). THE NORSEMEN DISCOVER AMERICA Praeterea unam adhuc insulam recitavit a multis in eo repertam occeano, quae dicitur Winland, eo quod ibi vites sponte nascantur vinum optimum ferentes. Nam et fruges ibi non seminatas habundare non fabulosa opinione 5 sed certa comperimus relatione Danorum. Item nobis retulit beatae memoriae pontifex Adalbertus, in diebus antedecessoris sui quosdam nobiles de Fresia viros causa pervagandi maris in boream vela tetendisse, eo quod ab incolis eius populi dicitur ab ostio Wirrahae 10 fluminis directo cursu in aquilonem nullam, terram occurThenomena rere praeter infinitum occeanum. Cuius rei novitate pro vestiganda coniurati sodales a litore Fresonum laeto celeumate progressi sunt. Deinde relinquentes hinc Daniam, inde Britanniam, pervenerunt ad Orchadas. 15 Quibus a laeva dimissis, cum Nordmanniam in dextris haberent, longo traiectu glacialem Island collegerunt. A quo loco maria sulcantes in ultimum septentrionis axem, postquam retro se omnes de quibus supra dictum est = 1. recitavit: sc. rex Danorum. · 2. occeano: 2 (11). — Winland Vinland, i.e. 'Vineland,' the term used by the Norsemen for that part of North America which they discovered at this time, i.e. early in the 11th century. 4. fruges: 'grain.' 7. antedecessoris: 'predecessor.' Fresia Friesland.'-9. Wirrahae: 'the Weser.' 12. Fresonum: 'the Frieslanders.' 13. celeumate: the cry of the stroke oarsman. manniam: 'Norway.' legerunt; 'skirted along.' 6 14. Daniam : Denmark.'. 15. Nord16. Island: 'Iceland.' collegerunt = |