as in larger dwellings; and, fortunately, vases of the most elegant forms are so cheap, that no cottage parapet, seat, or bee-house, need be without them. What is most offensive to taste, both in the gardens of the wealthy and of the poor, is the misplacing of sculptural monuments. In Harlaxton village there are sundials and vases, of different forms and kinds, most judiciously placed; for example, as terminations to piers to gates, or along parapets on piers or other preparations, on the piers at the ends of stone seats, &c. In how many instances, not only in cottage gardens and on cottages, but in the gardens and on the buildings of the wealthy classes, do we not see vases set down where they have no legitimate right to be placed whatever; in places from which they might be removed without ever being missed, or without any derangement to the scene in which they were put, but of which, in an artistical sense, they formed no part. Some of the situations proper for vases are: where the vase forms a termination to an object, as to a pillar of a gate, a pier or pilaster in a wall, or a detached column, &c.; where lines of walks or of walls join, meet, or intersect, as in the centre of a system of beds for flowers, or at the angles made by the junction of walks in a pleasure-ground; where niches in buildings, or gravelled or other recesses along walks, are prepared for them, &c. In all cases where a vase is put down in a garden, it ought not only to have a base formed of one or more plinths, but a pedestal to raise the vase nearer the eye, and above the surrounding vegetation, as well as to give it dignity of character. No ornament whatever, whether in a garden or on a building, ought ever to be placed in an inconspicuous situation, or in the less noble parts of the grounds or edifice; and no ornament ought to be made use of which is formed of a material of less value and durability than the material or object on or against which it is to be placed. Hence the bad effect of rootwork and rusticwork in many situations in gardens and in verandas, and other additions or accompaniments to brick or stone houses.

5. To indicate the occupation of the inhabitant, where it can be done. For example, the smithy, or blacksmith's forge, when properly introduced, can never be mistaken, nor the carpenter's shop. These two village tradesmen require houses, yards, and gardens, peculiarly arranged, and afford fine sources of variety. The shoemaker may have his stall as a projecting appendage, and the tailor his workshop. Some of the cottagers will possess cows, others pigs or rabbits; some pigeons, and all more or less poultry. The provision required to be made for these kinds of live stock affords interesting sources of architectural and picturesque effect; though in small villages a common cow-shed, as well as a common bakehouse, wash-house, and drying ground, is frequently found preferable. The house of the schoolmaster

adjoining the village-school, and the house of the clergyman near the church, will always be principal objects; and shops for the sale of different articles speak by their windows. Every large village ought to have an open shed, or other public building, in a central situation, to serve as a kind of market or gossiping place, and also as a playground, or place of amusement, for the boys in rainy weather.

Whoever intends to ornament and improve a village, we would strongly recommend to study Harlaxton. It is impossible to reflect on that village without imagining what a continued scene of ornament and appearance of comfort all England, and even all Europe, would present, if proprietors would follow the example of Mr. Gregory. Happily, in this country, many have been engaged in this work for a number of years, and considerable progress has certainly been made. Though the best mode to succeed is to have the very best advice at the commencement, and submit every elevation that is to be carried into effect to an architect of taste, yet let those who do not value advice of this kind make the attempt with what knowledge they have, or can derive from books, or from observing what has been done by others, and they cannot fail to do good to a considerable extent. The way to insure artistical buildings throughout the country is, not so much here and there to employ a first-rate architect, who may erect a splendid mansion with a handsome cottage as an entrancelodge, as to create a demand for architectural taste and knowledge among country builders, carpenters, masons, and bricklayers, generally, since it is by these persons that the great majority of country buildings are both designed and executed. It is not by the occasional employment of a first-rate physician that an individual preserves his health, but by having some knowledge of the human constitution himself, and having recourse, when necessary, to the nearest apothecary or village practitioner. Where would be all the beautiful flowers that now adorn the cottage gardens throughout England, if their culture were only known to firstrate gardeners? For the general improvement of cottages, therefore, we must not depend solely on first-rate architects; we must educate the eye of the country carpenter and mason, and give the cottager himself a taste for architectural and gardenesque beauty.

Hungerton Hall, the present residence of Mr. Gregory, Chatsworth, Wootton Lodge, Alton Towers, Trentham, Harringay, Trent Park, Beech Hill, and some places in Middlesex, as well as East Comb, Charlton House, Belford, and Belvidere in Kent, we shall notice in our Number for September.

ART. II.

Botanical, Floricultural, and Arboricultural Notices of the Kinds of Plants newly introduced into British Gardens and Plantations, or which have been originated in them; together with additional Information respecting Plants (whether old or new) already in Cultivation: the whole intended to serve as a perpetual Supplement to the "Encyclopædia of Plants," the "Hortus Britannicus," the "Hortus Lignosus," and the "Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum."

Curtis's Botanical Magazine; in monthly numbers, each containing seven plates; 3s. 6d. coloured, 3s. plain. Edited by Sir William Jackson Hooker, LL.D., &c., Professor of Botany in the University of Glasgow

Edwards's Botanical Register; in monthly numbers, new series, each containing six plates; 3s. 6d. coloured, 3s. plain. Edited by Dr. Lindley, Professor of Botany in the University College, London. Paxton's Magazine of Botany, and Register of Flowering Plants; in monthly numbers; large 8vo; 2s. 6d. each.

The Botanist; in monthly numbers, each containing four plates, with two pages of letterpress; 8vo; large paper, 2s. 6d.; small paper, 1s. 6d. Conducted by B. Maund, Esq., F.L.S., assisted by the Rev. J. S. Henslow, M.A., F.L.S., &c., Professor of Botany in the University of Cambridge.

RANUNCULA CEÆ.

Thalictrum cultràtum Wall. A hardy herbaceous plant from the Himalayas, of no beauty. (B. M. R., No. 77., June.)

Malvacea.

2014. HIBISCUS

[mag. of bot. vii. p. 103. multifidus Hort. many-parted-leaved or 3 au B.pk Swan River 1837. C 1.s Paxt. A very beautiful plant, with deeply cut leaves, and blue flowers, tinged with pink in the centre. Seeds of it were introduced by Capt. Mangles in 1837, and given by him to Messrs. Henderson, Pine-apple Place, Edgware Road, in whose green-house it blossomed for the first time in August, 1839. "It begins branching within about 6 in. of the roots, and proceeds to the height of 3 or 4 feet, forming a regular bush of conical shape." It is grown in turfy loam, mixed with a very little silver sand, and it is propagated by cuttings, which require care, as they are rather apt to drop off. A few seeds have been ripened, which should be sown on a gentle hot-bed, and the young plants pricked out in the seed leaf. (Paxt Mag. of Bot., June.)

Portulacaceӕ.

1447. PORTULA CA

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Thellusònii Lindl. Mr. Thelluson's O or 1 su S S. Europe 1839. S p.s. Bot. reg. 1840, Synonyme: P. grandifiòra rùtila Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. No. 114.

This splendid annual should be raised on a slight hot-bed; the seeds being sown in pots filled with a mixture of old lime rubbish, and well-rotted dung, or decayed leaf mould, and fully exposed to the sun. It should be kept in a sheltered place; for, although it will grow tolerably well if planted in the open border, the flowers are so delicate, that, in such situations, they are much damaged by the wind and rain." (Bot. Reg., June.)

Rubiacea.

378. BOUVA'RDIA

[vii. p. 100. angustifolia Hort. narrow-leaved or 2 au.s S Mexico 1838. C s.1 Paxt. mag. of bot. A shrubby green-house plant, with very pretty close bunches of scarlet flowers, with a pale pink centre. The flowers are smaller and closer together than those of B. triphylla, and the leaves are much narrower, yet it will probably prove only a variety of that species. It was raised from seeds received from Mexico, by Mr. Low of the Clapton Nursery, in 1838, and flowered in August and September, 1839. Mr. Paxton recommends growing it in a

green-house in sandy loam, mixed with a little heath mould, or decayed leaves. It is propagated by cuttings of the young wood, with bottom heat, and under a bell glass. (Paxt. Mag. of Bot., June.)

Dipsùceæ.

84. MORI'NA

longifolia Wall. long-leaved Apr 3 jln R India 1839. S s. Bot. reg. 1840, 36. A nearly hardy perennial, requiring a dry situation, and "about the same treatment as Acanthus mollis." It should be protected from wet in winter by a hand-glass. "It is increased freely from seeds, and flowers from July till late in autumn. The stem is covered with soft hairs, which, when bruised, emit the smell of a geranium." (Bot. Reg., June.)

Compósitæ.

Tanacetum longifolium Wall. A "weedy plant from the Himalayas." It grows about 2 ft. high, with light green finely cut leaves, and a rayless head of yellow flowers. (B. M. R., No. 78., June.)

Polemoniaceæ.

Polemonium cæruleum var. grandifolium Lindl. An Indian variety of this well-known plant, with flowers three times as large as those of the common kind. It is a biennial. (B. M. R., No. 76., June.)

Labiata.

ORTHOSI PHON Benth. (Orthos, straight, siphon, a tube; in allusion to the form of the corolla.) incúrvus Benth. incurved 1 pr Pk Sylhet 1828. S co Bot. 173. Orthosiphon is one of the genera separated by Mr. Bentham from the old genus O'cymum, as Coleus is another. The species has pretty pink flowers, disposed in racemes of from 6 in. to 1 ft. long; and it is kept in the stove. It is a native of the hills of Sylhet, and it was sent from the botanic garden at Calcutta, by Dr. Wallich, to the Duke of Northumberland, and it flowered in His Grace's collection at Syon.

Amentàceæ.

Quercus règia Lindl. The general appearance of this oak resembles that of a Spanish chestnut. Its leaves are dark green and shining, heart-shaped at the base, and frequently 9 in. long, and 3 in. broad. "The leaf-stalks are almost of an inch long. It probably belongs to the same section of the genus as Q. rígida.” (B. M. R., No. 73., June.)

Q. Brántii Lindl. Apparently allied to Q. Ballòta, but with the leaves 6 in. long, including the petiole, and 3 in. across the widest part; they are as downy as those of a young plum tree." This species has been named in honour of Mr. Brant, who discovered it. (B. M. R., No. 74., June.)

Orchidacea.

3603. MYA'NTHUS

spinòsus Hook. spiny cu 1 f G.br Brazil 1840. O s.p.l Bot. mag. 3802. This curious epiphyte was one of the very few found by Mr. Gardner in the interior of Brazil. Its general appearance is somewhat like that of a Catasètum, but it is characterised by the singular formation of its labellum, "the margins of which are beautifully fringed with white, flexuose, succulent hairs, greenish white beneath, dotted with red, bearing on the upper side at the base an erect three-partite spine or horn, and having a much larger porrected one below the acumen, which is a little toothed or fimbriated.” (Bot. Mag., June.)

2540. ONCI'DIUM

Huntianum Hook. Mr. Hunt's or 2 o R.Y Brazil 1839. O s.p.l Bot. mag. S806. A very beautiful species of this extensive genus; nearly allied to 0. carthaginense, but with smaller flowers, “much more beautifully marked and coloured, and the lip has a totally different structure." (Bot. Mag., June.) AGANI'SIA Lindl. (Aganos, quiet or desirable; in allusion to the pretty appearance of the plant.) pulchella Lindl. pretty pr W Demerara 1839. Dr.w.p. Bot. rep. 1840, 32. A pretty orchideous plant, nearly allied to Maxillària. In order to cultivate it "successfully, it should be suspended upon a block of wood from the rafters of the stove, and its thick fleshy roots allowed to hang in the air, and

imbibe its moisture. A damp atmosphere, syringing its roots and leaves freely when in a growing state, and shade during bright sunshine, are the principal requisites in its cultivation. (Bot. Reg., June.) (See Gard. Mag., vol. xv. p. 399.)

2554. EPIDE NDRUM

vitellinum Lindl. yolk of egg sp 1 8 O.Y Mexico 1838. D p.r.w Bot. reg. 1840, 35. A most splendid plant, producing, in its native country, very large orangeyellow flowers, which have a dazzling appearance, not only from their size and colour, but from their great abundance, Dr. Lindley having seen fifteen expanded blossoms on a spike not more than 6 in. in length. It was found in Mexico, at an elevation of 9000 ft. above the level of the sea, and it appears to prefer a damp, cool, and shady situation." (Bot. Reg., June.)

+ Epidendrum (Encýclia) incumbens Lindl. Very nearly allied to the panicled encyclias. (B. M. R., No. 84., June.)

E. Stamfordiànum Lindl. "This plant inhabits only the coast, on shady very moist lands;" and requires nearly the same treatment as the cattleya, but more moisture. (B. M. R., No. 88., June.)

Brasavòla glaúca Lindl. The flowers are large, white, and very aromatic, and the plant is found on oaks. (B. M. R., No. 89., June.)

66

+ Odontoglossum grande Lindl. A noble plant, the dried flowers of which measure six inches and a half from the tip of the petals," and look something like those of "an enormous maxillaria." Mr. Skinner thinks the plants of this genus formerly sent home were kept too warm. (B. M. R., No. 94., June.)

2527. LISSOCHILUS 30192 parviflorus Botanist, No. 172.

The flowers are green and yellow, striped with reddish brown.

Coryanthes speciosa var. álba Lindl. "The appearance of the plant, is described as being intermediate between C. macrantha and C. maculata ; and the flowers are almost white. (B. M. R., No. 75., June.)

Cyrtochilum maculatum var. Russeliànum Lindl.; C. Russèli Skinner. A fine variety" with very large richly spotted flowers." (B. M. R., No.86., June.)

+ Lælia supérba Lindl. The finest species of this beautiful genus. "It flowers in November, and, in some instances, bears from 18 to 20 flowers, on stems from 9 ft. to 12 ft. long." (B. M. R., No. 87., June.)

Iridaceae.

142. I'RIS 30113 defléxa.

The plant figured under this name by Messrs. Knowles and Westcott, in their Floral Cabinet, t. 51., has been proved by the Honourable and Rev. W. Herbert to be the same as the I. nepalénsis Bot. Reg. t. 818., I. Hùmei G. Don, Hort. Brit. 1236. Mr. Herbert adds that he considers the true name of this Iris to be I. germánica var. nepalénsis.

Rigidella flammea. This new genus was stated by Dr. Lindley, in his previous character of it, to be devoid of petals, or inner segments of the perianth; but he has now discovered" that at the very bottom of the cup formed by the convolution of the three scarlet leaves of the perianth there is a copious secretion of honey, and that, immersed in this substance, are three small rudimentary petals, resembling anthers at first sight." (B. R. M., No. 64., May.) Amaryllidaceæ.

935. ISME NE 51627 Knightii Fl. Cab.

This plant, Dr. Lindley informs us, is the Hymenocallis rotàta of Loddiges's Bot. Cab., t. 19.; and the Pancràtium rotàtum of Bot. Mag., t. 827. (B. M. R., No. 55., April.)

Hymenocallis Harrisiàna W. Herb. "This species, very unlike any yet known, was imported from Mexico by Thomas Harris, Esq., of the Grove, Kingsbury." (B. R. M., No. 63.)

938. CALOSTE MMA

[26.

cárneum Lindl. flesh-coloured or 1 ap Pk Australia 1836, O s.pl Bot. reg. 1840, A very handsome species, with bright pink flowers, which it produced freely

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