PHOTINIA arbutifolia was killed in the Society's Garden.

RIBES glutinosum, malvaceum, and speciosum in the Society's Garden, were all killed to the ground, but sprung up again as if uninjured; at Sketty R. speciosum was damaged, but not materially.

PINUS insignis was generally killed, and evidently proved to be too tender for this climate. P. Llaveana was unhurt in the Society's Garden.

TRIGIDIA Pavonia, covered with leaves and planted in peat, was nearly killed at Spofforth for the first time. The bulbs in front of the greenhouse, in garden soil, though not touching the wall, were uninjured.

"CHINA.

AZALEA indica. Of this species there are not many returns. With Mr. Beadon the double purple stood with protection, alba, under the same circumstances, was much cut, while phonicea and the hybrid Smithi were killed. In the Durham Down nursery, near Bristol, all the varieties were killed except alba, which was unhurt. At Abbotsbury, A. phoenicea was damaged more than alba. At Redleaf, alba, which had been growing in the open ground for many years, was much injured. At Carclew, all the varieties seem hardy, but AZALEA indica itself less than the others: at this place they are grown in the shrubberies. At Spofforth A. ind. phœnicea was destroyed under a verandah. A. sinensis was killed at Dropmore, after living out for many years.

AMYGDALUS pumila against a north wall escaped at Claremont, but was destroyed at Glasgow.

BIGNONIA grandiflora, at least 30 years planted against a west wall, was killed to the ground at Claremont. This must have been one of the very first specimens of it planted out, as it was introduced only in 1800. It was not injured in the Society's Garden.

BLETIA hyacinthina has remained uninjured in the open border at Carclew for the last three years; and although exposed during the severe frost, it was not the least affected by it, the plant having produced several fine spikes of flowers in summer.

Chinese CHRYSANTHEMUMS; the whole collection was killed at Claremont, whether planted at the bottom of the walls, or in pots plunged in rotten tan. At Dropmore they were killed in the borders, but they survived in a south aspect under pales and walls.

CAPRIFOLIUM longiflorum was saved at Spofforth in a greenhouse, where calceolarias were killed.

CUNNINGHAMIA sinensis was little injured anywhere; at Claremont, where are the largest plants in England, stationed on a sloping rather sheltered hill side, it did not lose a leaf; but at Dropmore, a plant growing in a very exposed situation, was more damaged.

CLEMATIS chinensis was killed to the ground in the Horticultural Society's Garden, but sprang up again vigorously.

CYDONIA sinensis was damaged in the Horticultural Society's Garden on the open lawn.

FRAXINUS lentiscifolia was uninjured in the Society's Garden.

GLYCINE sinensis, although in most places untouched by the frost, had all the spurs killed back to the main branches at Redleaf, while the plant was otherwise injured.

GLEDITSCHIA chinensis was killed at Sketty, but the other species were uninjured.

HYDRANGEA hortensis. At Sketty several plants, from 20 to upwards of 30 feet in circumference, were all uninjured. At Glasgow the species was nearly killed.

ILLICIUM anisatum, plunged in a pot behind a west wall, escaped at Claremont, while 70 species of Cape and New Holland plants beside it died. JUNIPERUS chinensis; a fine specimen at Claremont, perhaps the finest in England, was not in the least hurt; nor at Belsay.

KOELREUTERIA paniculata, grown as a hardy shrubbery plant, was uninjured in England; but suffered at Glasgow.

MAGNOLIA fuscata, trained to a wall, sustained no injury at Bicton; M. pumila died there. M. conspicua seems to have been hardy everywhere. An ORANGE tree, at Owston, of the variety called the Portogallo dolce, trained to the back wall of a peach-house, escaped, protected by a few fir branches and the upper lights only, with the thermometer down to 24° several times; after the lower lights were put on without fire, the outdoor thermometer fell to 10°, when the plant was injured, but it recovered. In Cornwall species of the genus Citrus survived the winter, with little or no protection. Mr. Fox's collection may be taken as an example of this. The citron has been trained for 10 years to a south wall, is 5 feet high, and produces fine fruit.' The lemon, in a south-east exposure, has lived for 17 years, is 7 feet high, and produces plenty of fruit. A plant, called the Citrus orange,' lives as a hardy shrub. The St. Michael orange has lived 23 years on a south wall, and produces an abundance of 'choice fruit' annually. Finally, the Mandarin Orange has been living uninjured for three

years.

PINUS sinensis, supposed to be the only one in the country, had stood out of doors 20 years at Redleaf, was 14 or 15 feet high, and was quite killed. PITTOSPORUM Tobira was generally killed near London. At Sketty, since 1813-14, several shrubs had remained uninjured by the frost till last winter, when they did not suffer more than some common evergreens, which grew beside them, and one of them came freely into flower. Mr. Dillwyn states, that in the scale of injury it may be placed with Arbutus Unedo, and that it has suffered much less than Aristotelia Macqui. In Cornwall this is a common shrub: several plants at Carclew were split from top to bottom, and killed; others had their last year's shoots killed; and only a few, which happened to be protected by higher shrubs, escaped. At Falmouth it did.

not suffer.

ROSES. Of the Banksian rose, both the yellow and white variety suffered severely in all the northern parts of England; at Claremont, plants 15 years old, and covering 60 or 70 yards of wall, were killed to the ground; fine old specimens perished in the Society's Garden; at Brenchley, a plant with a stem 11 inches in circumference, and covering the whole side of a house, was entirely destroyed; they equally perished in Hampshire, but it was observed at Owston that one plant against a shaded wall escaped. The varieties of Rosa multiflora were destroyed. Rosa bracteata, the Macartney Rose, was killed back to its old wood, or even down to the ground. R. microphylla suffered in the same degree; other China roses in general were killed to the ground, or totally destroyed. The white and yellow China Rose, the sweet-scented hybrid, Hamon, and Blairii, were entirely destroyed even in Hampshire; but the latter was injured on a south wall at Dropmore. Generally speaking, the Noisette, Isle de Bourbon, and tea-scented varieties, were found the most tender; hybrids, between the China rose and European species, were much less affected; the beautiful Rosa ruga, a mule between Rosa indica and arvensis, did not suffer in the least at Pitmaston, or even at Redleaf, where the Noisette, and every description of China Rose, was killed down to the ground. It was, however, very different in Cornwall and South Wales; at Carclew, Rosa involucrata was the only rose that suffered, while Rosa microphylla close beside it was uninjured. At Sketty, Rosa microphylla was slightly injured, but at that place no other of a large collection was at all injured. At Penllargare R.microphylla against a wall was quite unhurt. R. sinica perished on a south wall in the Society's Garden.

PEONIA Moutan and papaveracea did not suffer at all in the south of England, nor even at Claremont in various exposed situations, or Glasgow, though unprotected; but at Redleaf three dozen large plants were so much injured, that it was necessary to cut them down to the ground; and I learn from

Mr. Herbert that they were equally damaged at Ickleton, in Cambridgeshire. In some places, as at Sketty, the tree pæonies flowered better than was ever remembered.

PHOTINIA serrulata, or Crataegus glabra, was uninjured at Carclew, and at Singleton; but it suffered a little at Sketty, and in the midland and northern counties was either entirely destroyed or very much injured; it was observed at Dropmore, that where most sheltered it suffered most; an old plant on a south wall in the Society's Garden was nearly killed. PODOCARPUS macrophyllus was killed at Carclew, at Redleaf, and elsewhere. RAPHIOLEPIS indica was killed at Liverpool. It never bears even mild winters well, in the Society's Garden.

THEA viridis in a sheltered spot at Claremont escaped, but both it and Bohea were killed at Redleaf. T. viridis was uninjured at Bicton. TAXODIUM sinense proved hardy in the Society's Garden.

"NEW ZEALAND.

CLIANTHUS puniceus was generally destroyed; at Bicton, a plant against a wall, and 9 feet high, is reported to have been killed; even in the Glasnevin garden, although protected, it died; but it lived at Binstead, in the Isle of Wight, and at Somerford, near Wolverhampton.

EDWARDSIA microphylla, of which fine specimens against walls existed in the Society's Garden, at Arundel and elsewhere, was generally killed; but at Bicton and Carclew, at the latter place in the open shrubbery, it was not at all affected. E. grandiflora died at Dropmore, and in the Society's Garden, where there was a very large plant, and even at Bicton; but it was undamaged at Carclew, at Belsay on the outside wall of a conservatory, and Singleton, and it survived, though much damaged, at Owston. At Sketty a standard was killed, but those against a wall were uninjured, and one of the latter at Penrice Castle, unprotected, flowered beautifully after the winter. E. chrysophylla was killed on a south wall in the Society's Garden, and at Bicton, but it was only killed to the old wood at Claremont. FUCHSIA excorticata survived at Bicton; at Carclew it was killed to the ground, but shot up again. PHORMIUM tenax was killed near London, at Cambridge, in Hampshire, and elsewhere; but at Carclew, in the shrubbery, under some large Scotch firs, and by the edge of a pond, in a kind of swamp, where its roots were under water, this plant was not in the least injured.

"WEST INDIES.

ADELIA acidoton, a Jamaica plant, was killed to the ground in the Society's Garden, but sprang up again.

HAMELIA patens, a plant of which had stood out for seven years at Claremont, was killed.

"JAPAN.

ACER palmatum perished in the Society's Garden, where unprotected; but it survived in a cold frame.

AUCUBA japonica was killed at Claremont, and other places, and much injured in some parts of the midland counties; its leaves were only discoloured in the Society's Garden, it scarcely suffered at Glasgow, and not at all at Belsay and Spofforth.

BROUSSONETIA papyrifera was but slightly injured in the Society's Garden, and proved hardy in most cases.

CLEMATIS Sieboldi and cærulea were generally found unhurt.

CAMELLIA japonica, though generally killed, escaped in many places without injury. This plant has stood out for 18 years at Somerford. Mr. Dillwyn reports that at Penrice Castle, a large standard, though only planted out from a conservatory the previous year, flowered after the winter. At Dropmore, a plant of the variegated variety has lived out for several years in

rather a sheltered situation. In the open shrubbery at Singleton, at Carclew, and even in the garden of Mr. Harrison, of Cheshunt, many varieties survived without injury; but they were killed, or so severely injured, as not to be worth preserving at Claremont, at Norwich, and at Owston. At Redleaf, large plants which had stood 14 years, were quite destroyed. At Spofforth, a strong plant of Middlemist's camellia, upon an upper limb of which had been inarched a branch of a double white Spofforth Seedling, stood against the wall, and the result is that not a single leaf, nor a live bud of Middlemist's camellia remains on the plant; but the limb of the white seedling is not essentially hurt, having green leaves and fresh looking buds.* At North Stoneham, the Camellia myrtifolia, double red, and Waratah, all out, and standards, stood well with protection. The double white, single red, striped double red, and Pompone, against a south wall, with protection, were in no way injured.

CYDONIA japonica was uninjured in some gardens near London, but in others it was killed to the ground. At Redleaf, some of the dwarfs, as well as the large standards, were very much cut.

CHIMONANTHUS fragrans was killed at Rolleston; I have no such report from any other station.

CAPRIFOLIUM japonicum was killed to the ground at Dropmore, under a south wall, but it broke vigorously from the root after Midsummer. In the Society's Garden, it was killed in the same situation. C. flexuosum was also injured, but it broke again well.

DEUTZIA Scabra appeared quite hardy everywhere, except at Glasgow, where it was almost killed.

ERIOBOTRYA japonica was killed almost everywhere in the midland and northern counties, although some specimens had been out many years, and even of large size, and this, whether protected or exposed, and both on north, south, and west walls; it was only slightly injured in South Wales, and escaped unhurt at Carclew; and, which is remarkable, almost without damage at Owston.

EUONYMUS japonicus was but little hurt against a wall in the Society's Garden.

KERRIA japonica was found quite safe in various situations.

NANDINA domestica lived, protected with a mat, at Abbotsbury.

SOPHORA japonica generally suffered no injury, but at Sketty it is reported to have been killed.

LIGUSTRUM lucidum was generally killed; it was however only a little hurt at Sketty, and not at all at Carclew, or in Dublin; at the latter place it has lived without injury since the year 1812.

RHUS succedaneum was killed on a south wall in the Society's Garden. LAURUS Camphora was killed in the Isle of Wight, and in Mr. Garnier's garden at Bishopstoke, in Hampshire; but it lived at Kilkenny on a southern and protected aspect.

SALISBURIA adiantifolia sustained no damage anywhere.

"NORTH AMERICA; EXCLUDING CALIFORNIA AND MEXICO. ASIMINA triloba stood without protection in the Society's Garden. ANONA glabra was much injured in the Society's Garden.

*There is a great difference in the constitution of different seedling camellias; some only will bear forcing, and it appears that some can endure severer cold than others. They should, therefore, be all tried in the open ground, and it should be ascertained which is the hardiest stock to graft upon. In like manner Rh. arboreum should not be inarched on ponticum (which is tenderer than the American species, and will not swell to the bulk of arboreum which overgrows it), but upon the Pennsylvania arborescens, which grows to a very great diameter in America, when there are trees of it, which might at the lower part be sawed into planks. — W. Herbert.

1840. SEPT.

K K

AZALEA. Some of the scarlet American varieties were nearly killed at Spofforth, and a small white kind also suffered severely at the same place. But A. calendulacea was not in the least affected.

ARALIA spinosa, 10 feet high, lost the extremity of the shoots only, at Norwich.

ABIES Douglasi had its leaves turned yellow at Belsay, but it does not appear to have been seriously injured. A. Menziesü proved hardy in the Society's Garden.

ANDROMEDA arborea, and even polifolia, were killed in the Society's Garden. A. floribunda proved everywhere quite hardy, even at Worksop. ARBUTUS procera was uninjured against a west wall in the Garden of the Society; it was more injured at Carclew, where it is planted as a standard in the shrubbery; and at Brenchley, a fine plant, with a stem 14 inches in circumference, was destroyed. At Sketty it suffered very little. BIGNONIA capreolata was only a little injured on a south wall in the Society's Garden; in a similar situation at Spofforth it suffered severely. BERBERIS Aquifolium, repens, and glumacea, sustained no injury anywhere; fascicularis was killed at Brenchley, Woburn, Rolleston, and Redleaf, but it escaped at Singleton, and Carclew. In the Society's Garden it was killed nearly to the ground, in the open border, and much injured against a south wall.

CLEANOTHUS americanus, and Cissus stans, were killed to the ground in the Society's Garden, but shot up again. At Rolleston, the former was destroyed.

CERASUS caroliniana, killed in the Society's Garden, was unhurt at Sketty. CERATIOLA ericoides sustained no injury in the Society's Garden.

CLETHRA alnifolia appeared at Sketty to be much injured, but broke into leaf and flower, nearly as usual, both there and at Penllargare. CRATEGUS microcarpa was much injured in the Society's Garden. САСТАСЕЕ. A hardy variety of Opuntia, under a hand-glass, occasionally covered with a mat, was found safe at Owston. Opuntia ferox was not at all injured at the foot of a south wall at Norwich; nor at Dropmore. At Spofforth, a Chilian species, against the front wall of a greenhouse, protected by a sloping slate, was uninjured; the same species in an open border had been killed in October.

DIOSPYRUS virginica was not injured in the Society's Garden or at Sketty; at Rolleston it was injured but not killed.

FRAXINUS americana and the other American species, were greatly damaged in the Society's Garden; but did not suffer at Owston.

GARRYA elliptica was much injured in the Society's Garden, but at Liverpool and elsewhere it escaped.

HALESIA diptera was killed in the Society's Garden. It was unhurt at Spofforth.

ILEX opaca and vomitoria were little injured in the open lawn at Claremont, very near to where the Common Holly suffered; but vomitoria was killed at Singleton and Sketty, while opaca, Perado, balearica, and prinoides, were scarcely affected by the cold in those places; the latter, however, was cut to the ground at Glasgow.

ILLICIUM floridanum survived at Claremont; it has stood out at Walton for many years, and also in the Mile End Nursery; and at Stoneham Park has lived as a grass plant for at least ten years.

LUPINUS arboreus was killed in the Society's Garden, and at Sketty, though against a wall and uninjured by the winters of 1813–14 and 1836–37. MAGNOLIA grandiflora stood without injury in a great many situations, both protected and against walls; without material injury under the latter circumstances, even as far north as Doncaster; it, however, in most cases partially lost its leaves, in some cases entirely; and at Tooting, near London, a plant 25 years old was totally destroyed. At Owston, it was observed that the Exeter variety, about three feet from a wall, was uninjured, while