former Reports concerning agitation, strife, and violence. Within the last few months, however, a compromise seems to have been effected between that portion of the immigrant Indians opposed to the late treaty, and the old settlers, embracing together a large majority of the tribe. By these a government has been organized, the constitution and laws in force in their old country have been revised and adopted, and their rulers elected; at the head of whom Mr. Ross has been placed with great unanimity. With this organization of their government, an attempt has been made to bring their difficulties with the United States to a final adjustment; but the government of the latter have refused to recognize Mr. Ross and his associates as invested with any authority, and decline entering into any negotiations with them. No progress, therefore, has been made towards a more amicable understanding between the two parties on the points in controversy. The troops of the United States have been traversing the Cherokee country most of the year for the purpose of arresting those implicated in the murder of the Messrs. Ridge and Boudinot, but without success. No collisions have occurred between the troops and the Cherokees. Still, owing to the state of the country, the laws could be but very imperfectly enforced, and consequently disorder, assaults, and murder have abounded, with intemperance and other vices.

In this troubled state of their affairs, the Cherokees have manifested in schools and religious meetings more interest than could have been expected. One of the missionaries writes that he thinks they were never more desirous of that which will promote their intellectual and moral improvement than at present.

The schools at Dwight were large and prosperous till December, when the house occupied by the teacher of the boys' school and the boarding-scholars connected with it was consumed by fire, which occasioned that branch of the school to be suspended, much to the regret of the pupils and their parents. Means have been taken to erect other buildings, and the school will be re-opened as soon as a teacher can be sent to take charge of it. The girls' school has continued to be large and prosperous throughout the year. A school was taught at Fairfield till the removal of Mr. Butrick, and since his residence at Pleasant Hill, Mrs. B. has had a school of nearly fifty pupils. Miss Nash has taught a school at Honey Creek, boarding in the family of Mr. Huss. Miss Avery has had a small but promising school at Park Hill. Including the two schools at Dwight, the number of schools taught in connection with the mission for a longer or shorter period, is six, embracing about one hundred and eighty-five pupils. Mr. Worcester states that the requests for the establishment of additional boardingschools are frequent and importunate; and that many parents are willing to defray the expense of boarding their own children,

if there were suitable families to accommodate them near the schools.

No full reports from the churches connected with the mission have been received. Some large and interesting meetings have been held at Fairfield, and many members from the churches in the old Cherokee country have been admitted to fellowship with the churches near which they now reside; but the joyful interest of these meetings has been somewhat alloyed by painful cases of discipline which have called for the decisive action of the church.

At Honey Creek, and at another place where Mr. Huss preaches, fifteen miles distant, large congregations are accustomed to assemble, who hear the word with much interest; six have been added to that church, five of them on profession of their faith.

At Park Hill the congregation is as large as at any former period. Mr. Foreman preaches, in addition to his labors at the station, at a number of other places in that vicinity.

Generally the church members outwardly sustain the christian character, though much spiritual deadness prevails, and some melancholy cases of apostasy have occurred.

At the printing-press at Park Hill there has been printed during the year, 1800 copies of the Cherokee Almanac, of 24 pages; 3,000 copies of the Epistles of John, embracing 20 pages; 5,000 copies of a new and enlarged edition of the Cherokee Primer, 28 pages; amounting in all to 243,000 pages. A new edition of the Gospel of Matthew was in press. The demand for these and other books, continued to be constant, though not perhaps greater than at former periods. The whole number of pages printed for this mission is 2,203,200.

MISSION TO THE CHOCTAWS.

WHEELOCK.-Alfred Wright, Missionary, and Mrs. Wright; Jared Olmstead, Teacher; Anna Buruham and Sarah Kerr, Teachers, and Assistants.

STOCKBRIDGE.-Cyrus Byington, Missionary, and Mrs. Byington.

EAGLE TOWN.-Nancy W. Barnes, Teacher.

MOUNTAIN FORK.-Abner D. Jones, Teacher, and Mrs. Jones.

PINE RIDGE-Cyrus Kingsbury, Missionary, and Mrs. Kingsbury; Jonathan E. Dwight, Native Assistant.

GOOD WATER.-Ebenezer Hotchkin, Licensed Preacher, and Mrs. Hotchkin.

(6 stations; 4 missionaries, 2 male and 8 female assistant missionaries, 1 native assistant;— total, 15.)

During the year past this mission has experienced few changes. Miss Sarah Kerr, from Charleston, South Carolina, joined the mission in March last, and Miss Clough, by entering into the marriage

relation with a highly respectable and pious white man residing among the Choctaws, has terminated her labors in connection with the mission, though it is believed that her influence will be great and salutary on the people among whom she still resides.

Jonathan E. Dwight, a Choctaw young man, who had spent a number of years in New-England, acquiring an education, and the last at Moore's Indian school at Hanover, New Hampshire, returned to his people last autumn, and has since been aiding Mr. Kingsbury as interpreter and assistant, and as he appears to be a pious and exemplary young man, it is hoped that he may be permanently useful in connection with the mission.

Five schools have been sustained by the mission; one or two of which have however, been taught but a few months, owing to failure of health in the teacher, or other causes. In all these schools the whole number who attended was 148; and the average attendance 106. Of the pupils, 85 could read the Bible; 50 wrote on paper, and nearly all on slates; 37 studied arithmetic ; 60 are full Choctaws, and 88 are of mixed blood.

Besides the schools mentioned above, one was taught by Mr. Hotchkin, the expenses of which are defrayed by the government of the United States, in accordance with treaty stipulations.

Six or seven Sabbath-schools have been taught by the missionaries, embracing in all, adults and children, from 150 to 200 scholars.

In giving an account of the schools in July last, Mr. Wright remarks,

"The year that now closes affords us encouragement to persevere in this department of our missionary work. Parents at no former period have manifested so deep an interest in the education of their children, and the teachers have never labored with more satisfaction to themselves. The schools have indeed not been large, but the daily attendance has been over a hundred, and I have received most earnest requests for the establishment of additional schools."

The missionaries request that one male and two or three female teachers may he sent to aid in the labors of the mission.

Mr. Wright has divided his Sabbaths between Wheelock and two other places, and his congregations have been larger than formerly, varying from forty to two hundred. At times he has been cheered with the hope that the Lord was about to pour out his Spirit and revive his work. Within the bounds of his labors a number have been led to inquire what they should do to be saved. To his church, two have been added on profession, and five from other churches.

Mr. Byington has had great encouragement in his labors, at the five preaching places which he occupies. About fifty persons have appeared to be awakened, and thirteen have been received to

the church on profession of their faith in Christ. In July the meetings were still fully attended and solemn. The monthly concert for prayer and other prayer-meetings were well observed, and hopes were entertained that a still more extensive and powerful revival was to be enjoyed.

Mr. Kingsbury preaches one fourth of the Sabbaths at Fort Towson, or some other place in the vicinity of Pine Ridge, one fourth on the Boggy, where the members of the Mayhew Church are located, another fourth on the Kiamichi, sixteen miles from Pine Ridge, and the remainder principally with the church at Greenfield, formerly under the care of Mr. Wood. To the Pine Ridge church thirteen have been added, six of them on profession, and seven from other churches. To the Mayhew church eleven have been added; six from other churches, and five on profession. His audiences vary from forty to a hundred. The whole number added on profession of their faith, is twenty-six; and the whole number of members now in communion with the churches, about 225.

After remarking that the missionaries have much to perplex and dishearten them, Mr. Wright adds,—

"The Lord has a church here, a vine which I trust his own right hand has planted; and why should we not believe that he will still water it with the dews of his heavenly grace, and cause it to flourish and become fruitful? The Lord has a heritage here, and why must we believe that he will give it up to reproach? And why should the unwarrantable impression that the Indians are destined to dwindle away cool the sympathies or restrain the prayers and efforts of the American churches in their behalf? They have been obliged to leave the land of their birth, and seek a residence in a strange land, where many of them have fallen victims to the unhealthiness of the climate, and where they have suffered privations and hardships incident to an unsettled state of things. But these evils are in a measure overcome. They are becoming inured to the climate, and many of them are beginning to live comfortably. And could the gospel exert its saving influence, no reason could be given why they should not become a numerous, enlightened, and christian people."

The Acts of the Apostles has been translated by Mr. Byington, and an edition of a thousand copies, amounting to 165,000 pages, has been printed. The Epistles of John have been translated by Mr. Wright, and are probably now in the press at Park Hill. An additional missionary is much needed to relieve Messrs. Wright and Byington from a portion of their other labors, that they may devote more of their time to translating other portions of the Scriptures, and preparing other books in the Choctaw language. The number of readers is already considerable and constantly increasing. Those who are able to read obviously manifest more enlargement of mind and more correctness of thought than their uninstructed country

men.

The whole number of copies of works printed in this language for the mission is about 33,000, and the whole number of pages about 3,048,150.

MISSION TO THE PAWNEES.

John Dunbar, Missionary, and Mrs. Dunbar; Samuel Allis, Jr., and George B. Gaston, Farmers; Mrs. Allis and Mrs. Gaston.

(1 station; 1 missionary, 2 male and 3 female assistant missionaries;-total, 6.) In the last Report it was mentioned that the Pawnees had requested the government of the United States to furnish them. with the farmers, teams, and agricultural implements promised them in the treaty of 1834. In September, the agent, major J. V. Hamilton, who had then recently come into the place of major Dougherty resigned, and who seems earnestly desirous to promote the welfare of the Indians, informed them that the United States government would comply with their request, and that an appropriation of money had been made for that purpose. Major Hamilton having other engagements requested Messrs. Dunbar and Allis to accompany the Indians and advise them respecting a suitable tract on which to locate themselves and commence their agricultural operations. In the performance of this service, they reached the grand Pawnee village on the 20th of September. Having visited all the villages and conferred with the chiefs, they decided on a place lying on the north side of the Loup branch of the Platte river, and about one hundred miles from the agency at Bellevue. This was the place recommended by the chiefs, and is probably as favorable as any other for the objects contemplated.

Major Hamilton requested Messrs. Dunbar and Allis to act as teachers of the Pawnees, under the patronage of the United States, and also through them, requested the Prudential Committee to obtain the four farmers provided for in the treaty. In the opinion of Mr. Dunbar, if the facilities provided for in the treaty should be furnished, a large number of the Pawnees would be assembled at the contemplated village within a year. The full number of farmers, however, not being immediately obtained, and doubt having arisen whether the requisite arrangements would be made for them to commence their labors in the spring, only one has been sent, Mr. George B. Gaston, from the State of Ohio, who, accompanied by his wife, arrived at the agency on the 26th of May.

In July last Messrs. Allis and Gaston were expecting to remove from the agency to the site of the contemplated village at an early day. The Indians still appeared determined to abandon the migratory and hunter life, and it was hoped that large numbers of them would be so located as to come permanently under the influ