58. The First Conful ratifies the Treaties of Peace and Alliance, after taking the advice of the Privy Council. Before he promulgates them, he cominunicates them to the Senate. 59. The act of the nomination of a member of the Legislative Body, of the Tribunate, and of the Tribunal of Caffation, is entitled arreté. 60. The acts of the Senate, relative to its police and internal adminiftration, are entitled deliberations. 61. In the course of the year 11, he will proceed to the nomination of 14 Citizens, to complete the number of 80 Senators, fixed by the 15th article of the Constitution. ⚫ This nomination fhall be made by the Senate, on the prefentation of the First Conful, who thall for that purpose felect three perfons from the lift of Citizens chofen by the Electorate Colleges. 62. The members of the Grand Council of the Legion of Honour are members of the Senate, whatever may be their age. 63. The First Conful may befides nominate to the Senate, without the previous prefentation of the Electoral Colleges of the Departments, Citizens diftinguished for their fervices and their talents, on these conditions, however, that they fhall be of the age required by the Constitution, and that the number of Senators shall not exceed 120. 64. The Senators may be Confuls, Minifters, Members of the Legion of Honour, Infpectors of Public Inftruction, or employed on extraordinary and temporary millions. 65. The Senate appoints each year two of its members to perform the duty of Secretaries. 66. The Minifters have feats in the Senate, but no deliberative voice, unless they are Senators. TITLE VI. OF THE COUNSELLORS OF STATE. 67. The Counsellors of State fhall never exceed the number of 50. 68. The Council of State is divided 'into fections. 69. The Minifters have rank, feats, and votes in the Council of State. TITLE VII. OF THE LEGISLATIVE BODY. 70. Each department hall have a number of members proportioned to tion, and the Civil Tribunals over the a The Commiffioners to the Tribunals 86. The Members of the Tribunal of Legation are appointed by the Se nate on the presentation of the First Conful. The First Conful prefents three candidates for each vacant place. TITLE X. RIGHT OF PARDONING. 87. The First Conful has the right of pardoning. He exercifes it after the deliberation of a Privy Council, compofed of the Grand Judge, two Minifters, two The Council of State having, on the reference of the Confuls, difcuffed the above project, approve of it, and agree that it thall be prefented to the Confuls in due form. (A true copy.) J. G. LOCRE, Secretary General Approved, BONAPARTE, First Conful. H. B. MARET, Secretary of State, The project of the Organic Senatus Confultum was carried to the Confervative Senate by the Counsellors of State Regnier, Portalis, and Dessolle, Orators of the Government, and adopted by the Senate in its fitting of this day. THE LONDON REVIEW, AND LITERARY JOURNAL, FOR AUGUST 1802. QUID SIT PULCHRUM, QUID TURPE, QUID UTILE, QUID NON. Cambrian Itinerary; or, Welch Tourift: containing an Hiftorical and Topagraphical Defcription of the Antiquities and Beauties of Wales; wherein are minutely and feparately defcribed, according to their Geographical and Modern Divisions, all the different Counties, Towns, Villages, Hamlets, Mountains, Vales; Agriculture, Manufactures, Rivers, Canals, Mineral Waters, Foffils, Antiquities, Caverns, Mines, Monafteries, Caftles, Camps, Cromlechs, Ciftvaens, Carneddau, &c. &c. Alfo, the principal Houfes of Accommodation, or Inns, in the Country. Likewife, A Colloquial Vocabulary, in English and Welch; and an Appendix, containing the Bardie, or Ancient Welch Alphabet, indifpenfably neceffary for every Tourist. The Whole illuftrated by a new and correct Map of the Principality, including the Roads, Rivers, and Mountains. By Thomas Evans. 8vo. IT will naturally occur to the mind folved to offer to the public a copious of every reader converfant in works of literature, that the title-page above difplayed must have been the compofition of a young author, who was re bill of fare; and it reminds us of a long lift of culinary preparations at a fashionable French hotel in London, on which one of our countrymen re marked, X marked, "that there was enough for money, if it were but good." In the prefent cafe, we can affirm, that the contents of the volume correfpond with the title; at the fame time, we with our young friend, in future, would imitate modelt ladies, by expofing less, and leaving more to the pleasure of imagination. Touch Reviewers, however, as are not defirous to cut up a juvenile production with an unfparing and un feeling hand, merely to fhew their skill in carving criticism, the Author has rendered an effential fervice, by abridging their labours; for the title-page is a correct analyfis of the book, in which he has defcribed with brevity, accuracy and perfpicuity, every pleafing profpect or ruin which occurred to him in feveral journies through the Principality," and we truft it will be found by those, who take this performance with them as a guide through this romantic country, that he is juftified in afferting with confidence, in his preface, "that there is nothing left undefcribed, in either North or South, which is at all deferving the attention of a traveller." And if this be the truth, and the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, we believe both travellers and readers will concur in afcribing more than "an inferior de gree of merit to a juvenile production of affiduity and diligence," which within fuch a fmall compafs comprifes confiderable amufement and much local information. paftures, but the remainder is rude and mountainous, therefore chiefly devoted to rearing of cattle and fheep. The latter are remarkably numerous, and very beneficial to the county, being the chief fapport of the industrious poor, who are mostly employed in manufacturing coarfe cloth, flannels, and tookings for their apparel, and clothing the army. The north-west angle of this county is an abfolute delart, and almost impaffable, fo that the inhabitants are fcarcely able to raise a small produce of rye, barley, and oats, for their immediate fupport. Still Radnorfhire poffeffes every advantage of water, particularly the rivers Wye, Tame, Ython, and Somergil, likewife feveral copious ftreams, which run nearly through the centre of the county, and are much praised by the angler and epicure for an abundance of excellent falmon, trout, and grayling. The woods and hills are not lefs celebrated for game. In the further defcription of this county, we find nothing remarkably curious, except the account of Llandrindod Wells; for, however interesting the examination may be to travellers on the spot, of the remains of caftles, whofe original foundation is all that can be traced at prefent, we cannot but confider the recital of their former confequence as uninterefting to the diftant readers. With respect to the waters of Llandrindod, the cafe is totally different, the knowledge of every health-reftoring fpring The Colloquial Vocabulary, with throughout the united kingdom ought great propriety, follows the preface, to be extenfively communicated, and as a competent knowledge of the an- therefore we recommend our Author's cient British language must be a pleaf defcription of them to Valetudinarians. ing introduction to a perfonal know." When they were firft ufed for their ledge of the country; and as it is the Author's maternal tongue, and a liberal education has made him a profi. cient in the English, no doubt can be entertained of a juft interpretation. The Itinerary commences in the fouth-east divifion of the Principality, namely, Radnorfhire, which is united, as it were, to the English counties of Hereford hire and Shropshire, and is in the diocese of the former. "It contains four towns, fifty-two parithes, and about 20,000 inhabitants; and has proportionally more cultivated land than many of the Welch ones; particularly the eaftern and fouthern parts; which being tolerably level, are more productive of corn and good medical virtues is uncertain, but are generally believed to have been introduced to public notice about the year 1670, and then ufed indifcriminately; however, at all times fince 1750, an uncommon number of people have reforted here to ufe the waters, on many occafions, and with fuccefs." The increafing faine of Llandrindod Wells induced Mr. Grofvenor, of Shrewsbury, in 1749,, to make fome alterations and improvements for the reception of the company who annually made their pilgrimage here. For that purpose he took a lease of several houfes, and at a vast expence repaired. them, with fome additional buildings, particularly one, which is fpacious enough enough to contain feveral hundred vifitors, befides affording every accom,modation and amufement that can be wifhed during a refidence at this place. The waters, three in number, are all within a few yards of each other, yet without participating in the qualities of the other." We are forry to obferve a ftrange negligence here and there in the style of this performance which we are at a loss to account for, as Mr. Evans appears to be a gentleman and a fcholar. Would it not have been bet ter fenfe to have written, "without participating in the qualities of one another, or of each other. The faline pump water, in the next page, is faid to be about 100 yards north of the fulphureous water; furely, the aggre gate number 100 cannot be called, with any propriety, a few yards, as above. But we forbear to dwell on inaccuracies, which too frequently occur, and proceed to the difcrimination. "The Rock water iffues out of a flate rock, which contains a vast quantity of iron earth, falts, and fulphur. It is ufually prefcribed in chronical diseases, that proceed from weakness in the fibres, alfo in fcorbutic eruptions, weak nerves, palfies, or a laxity of the whole frame, and in agues, where bark proves ineffectual; likewife diforders in women, and feminal weakness in both fexes." The faline pump water has been of great fervice in various difeafes, parti. cularly bypochondriac malady, proceeding from too great a quantity of the juices, allo fevers, particularly thofe that affect the fpirits, and the leprofy, likewife feveral species of the gravel; they are in the greatest perfection from about the middle of March to November." "The fulphur, or black stinking water, fo named from the ftrong fmell it emits, and the black dye of the current in its paffage through, yet if taken up immediately at the fpring, it is as clear as other water, but twenty-five grains lighter in a pint than common water. When thrown on hot iron, it emits a blue flame, and fmells like brimstone. This water is beft adapted for an artifi cial bath, or any external use designed for the relief of chronic diseases: it is likewife very beneficial when used as an internal medicine, but chiefly recommended in the fubfequent cafes : venereal difeafes, old fores, leprosy, and fcurvy, hydrophobia, madness, diseases of the head, ftone, and gravel, rheumatism, and gouty diforders, &c." The next county deferibed is Breck nockshire, our Author proceeding in his Itinerary to the fouth and fouthwestern coafts of the Principality. This county is irregularly triangular, narrowing northwards; in length twenty-nine miles, the breadth of its fouthern bafis thirty-four, containing 900 square miles, and near 600,000 acres. It is divided, like Radnor hire, into fix hundreds has four towns, and fixty-one parishes in the diocefe of Saint David, with about 36,000 in habitants. Brecknockshire is a very mountainous country, affording a variety of fublime fcenes, being every where interfperfed with hills, but cultivated to their very fummits. With refpect to its foil, that on the hills is for the greater part barren and ftony; however, there are numerous fprings that iffue from the rocks in great plenty, fo as to render the vallies abundantly fruitful in grafs and corn. The most confiderable rivers are the Wyg, Honddu, Yrvon, and Wye. Thefe, and all its rivulets, abound with fish of various kinds; but the Wye and Wyfg are particularly noted for fine trout and the best of falmon. The principal commodities of the county are cattle, theep, wool, and corn, with confider able manufactures of coarse cloth and ftockings. This county, like the former, has the privilege (rather say the right) of returning two reprefentatives to the Imperial Parliament, one for the county, the other for Brecknock the chief town, a very romantic place, abounding with broken grounds, torrents, difmantled towers, and ruins of every kind;" for a full defcription of which we refer the curious reader and traveller to its proper department in the work. The civil hiftory of this town is more entertaining than that of many others." Having thus exhibited a specimen of the Cambrian Itinerary in two coun ties, our limits not admitting of further details, we clofe the article, by a wellmerited commendation of the Map of Wales defigned for the work, and ele. gantly engraved by T. Conder. M. An An Hiftory of Marine Architecture; including an enlarged and progreffive View of the Nautical Regulations and Naval History, both Civil and Military, of all Nations, efpecially of Great Britain. Derived chiefly from Original Manufcripts, as well in private Collections as in the great Public Repofitories, and deduced from the earliest Period to the prefent Time. By John Char nock, Efq. F. S. A. Three Vols. Royal 4to. R. Faulder, and all the other confiderable Bookfellers of London. (Continued from Page 41.) We refume with great pleasure the historical progrefs of our Naval Architecture, as we have now to lay before our Readers a moft interefting and entertaining account of the first eftablishment of the Royal Navy of England. An establishment which laid the foundation of the maritime power, of the dominion of the Seas, of the triumphant fuccefs of her fleets in Naval engagements, and of her extenfive well-protected commerce with all parts of the habitable globe. Our Author introduces this import ant fubject with fome judicious obfervations in the first Chapter of Vol. II. now under our confideration. A brief abstract from this part of the work will ferve as an indication to the curious of the progreffive improvement of our Marine Architecture, as it proceeds towards its final state of maturity and perfection. "A variety, as well as combination, of caufes and circumitances rendered the middle of the fifteenth century a very remarkable epoch in the annals of Marine Architecture. Some particular States, which had, for a very confider. able period, fhone forth in all the me ridian of power, fuddenly became eclipfed by others, which burft forth into a confequence unprecedented and unexpected; fo did the rapid decline of one open an eafy paffage for the equally rapid afcent of its rival fuc ceffor. "The republics of Genoa and Venice, after a forced reconciliation, loft their maritime power; and the enter prifing turn of the fubjects of these once-renowned rivals, to which the world is primarily indebted for thofe territorial discoveries which advanced in the most rapid degree the confequence of other nations, from that very caufe, experienced as rapid a downfall. Had Columbus the Genoese, and Sebaftian Cabot the Venetian, never exifted, the decline of their different countries would most likely have been procrastinated, but their enterprizes opened the eyes of the Portuguese, a nation at that time but little known, but poffeffing, in point of fituation, the highest advantages that a people, defirous either to attempt new difcoveries, or to avail themselves of thofe already made by others, could poffibly hope for. Freed from nearly a moiety of thofe dangers which would have attended any fimilar undertaking on the part of either England or, France, and in a ftill higher degree thofe of the more Northern Powers, their adventurers could proceed from Lisbon, without having before their eyes the terrors of the Bay of Biscay, or the ftill more dangerous navigation of the British and German Ocean. To the aftonishnient and grief, then, of the Italian navigators, they fuddenly found themselves, in a short time, totally excluded from all commerce, except that of the Mediterranean. "Towards the close of the fifteenth century, Bartholomew Diaz, a Portuguefe navigator, doubled that immenfe promontory fince known by the name of Cabo del buona Esperanza, or the Cape of Good Hope, but which was firft called by the difcoverer, on account of the difficulties he experienced in paffing it, Cabo Tormentoo, or the tempestuous Cape. This fuccefs paved the way for the more confequential difcovery of the paffage to India, by Vafco de Gama, another Portuguese, and the good fortune which attended both thefe enterprifes, proved the parent of the Royal Navy of Portugal. For, fo early as the year 1500, Emanuel, King of Portugal, fent a fleet, confifting of thirty fhips of war, to the affiftance of the Venetians, who were then threatened with a very formidable attack by Bajazet, Emperor of the Turks. The Portuguese flag waved triumphantly along all the fhores of India; and, till the middle of the fixteenth century, they enjoyed a more extended and valuable commerce than any other State in the universe. "The conqueft of Portugal by Phi |