First Principles of Ethics: Designed as a Basis for Instruction in Ethical Science in Schools and CollegesWoolworth, Ainsworth and Company, 1861 - 204 من الصفحات "The favor with which my textbook on Intellectual Philosophy has been received, and the need which I have felt in my own classes of a similar book on Ethics, have induced me to add this to the many excellent treatises on that subject already in existence. The great enlargement of the list of studies in our schools and colleges, of late years, renders it more desirable than ever that textbooks should be brief, presenting only essential principles, to the neglect of details, which may be supplied by the teacher, or by general reading. These considerations have determined the form of the present treatise. At the same time, I have hoped to present a more orderly outline of the principles of the science, and supply a more rational foundation for them, than has usually been done in treatises on Ethics. The doctrine that right is conformity in conduct to the nature and reason of things, is not, indeed, a new doctrine, but it has been a good deal overlooked of late, and has never, perhaps, been fully and consistently carried out. Whether it has been in the present instance or not others must judge. Aiming at an orderly and consecutive development of the principles of the science, I have introduced the opinions of others but sparingly into the text. These have generally been reserved to the end, where they have been presented together, in the form of an Historical Abstract, which, it is hoped, will be found both interesting and profitable"--Préface |
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الصفحة 23
... our agreeable states of consciousness . Hence self - love is merely the love of the well- being or happiness of self . Certain states of consciousness seem agreeable to us ; we feel complacency and ACTION PRESUPPOSES ACTIVE PRINCIPLES . 23.
... our agreeable states of consciousness . Hence self - love is merely the love of the well- being or happiness of self . Certain states of consciousness seem agreeable to us ; we feel complacency and ACTION PRESUPPOSES ACTIVE PRINCIPLES . 23.
الصفحة 24
... happiness because it is agreeable , and other objects because they produce those states of consciousness which constitute the agreeable . The feelings thus arising , whether from the direct complacency which we have in our own happiness ...
... happiness because it is agreeable , and other objects because they produce those states of consciousness which constitute the agreeable . The feelings thus arising , whether from the direct complacency which we have in our own happiness ...
الصفحة 25
... happiness above every thing else , we can but be affected in some measure by that of others . Nay , we cannot be wholly indifferent to the feelings of any creature which has but the lower elements of the nature which we have . " A ...
... happiness above every thing else , we can but be affected in some measure by that of others . Nay , we cannot be wholly indifferent to the feelings of any creature which has but the lower elements of the nature which we have . " A ...
الصفحة 26
... happiness , but to the happiness of others . They and the acts to which they lead may and do tend to our own happiness as much , if not more , than any other feelings and acts ; but our own hap- piness is not their prompting cause or ...
... happiness , but to the happiness of others . They and the acts to which they lead may and do tend to our own happiness as much , if not more , than any other feelings and acts ; but our own hap- piness is not their prompting cause or ...
الصفحة 48
... a purpose , they might fail of securing the end proposed , from short - sightedness in the framers . Now , as civil institutions and laws bear most directly upon the interests and happiness of men , any 48 FIRST PRINCIPLES OF ETHICS .
... a purpose , they might fail of securing the end proposed , from short - sightedness in the framers . Now , as civil institutions and laws bear most directly upon the interests and happiness of men , any 48 FIRST PRINCIPLES OF ETHICS .
عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
according agreeable apostle Paul arising bearings benevolence Bishop Butler cern CHAPTER character conscience conscious considered constitute course Cudworth Cyrene dence determined doctrine duty enjoined Epicureans ethics evil exercise exist faculty false falsehood faulty excess feelings Greek philosophy ground of right happiness hence human implies important individual intelligence intuitive justice justice and truth justified kind knowledge labor lead lence means means of happiness ment mind moral obligation moral sense motive nature of things necessarily necessitarian ness oath objects ourselves passions perceive perception of right philosophy piness Plato possession powers present principle of action promise prudence Prudent acts purpose rational real act reason regard relations right act right and wrong right or wrong rightfully Scripture self-love selfish Shaftesbury sider slavery Socrates summum bonum sympathy theory thought tice tion treatise true truth veracity virtue virtuous whole wholly words wrong of acts
مقاطع مشهورة
الصفحة 95 - Servants, be subject to your masters with all fear ; not only to the good and gentle, but also to the froward.
الصفحة 35 - ... when we would do good evil is present with us ; if we find a law in our members warring against the law of our mind and bringing us into captivity to the law of sin in our members; Help us, we beseech thee, O our Father.
الصفحة 165 - I answer: it has been proved that man by his nature is a law to himself, without the particular distinct consideration of the positive sanctions of that law ; the rewards and punishments which we feel, and those which from the light of reason we have ground to believe, are annexed to it. The question then carries its own answer along with it. Your obligation to obey this law, is its being the law of your nature. That your conscience approves of and attests to such a course of action, is itself alone...
الصفحة 170 - And with respect to restraint and confinement : whoever will consider the restraints from fear and shame, the dissimulation, mean arts of concealment, servile compliances, one or other of which belong to almost every course of vice, will soon be convinced that the man of virtue is by no means upon a disadvantage in this respect. How many instances are there in which men feel and own and cry aloud under the chains of vice with which they are enthralled, and which yet they will not shake off? How many...
الصفحة 166 - ... what is wanting is only that he honestly attend to it ;" and, in enforcing the authority of this natural monitor, " your obligation to obey this law is its being the law of your nature. That your conscience approves of and attests to such a course of action is itself alone an obligation. Conscience does not only offer itself to show us the way we should walk in, but it likewise carries its own authority with it, that it is our natural guide— the guide assigned us by the Author of our nature....
الصفحة 165 - But allowing that mankind hath the rule of right within himself, yet it may be asked, "What obligations are we under to attend to and follow it? " I answer: it has been proved that man by his nature is a law to himself, without the particular distinct consideration of the positive sanctions of that law; the rewards and punishments which we feel, and those which from the light of reason we have ground to believe, are...
الصفحة 48 - ... those principles from which men would act if occasions and circumstances gave them power, and which, when fixed and habitual in any person, we call his character. It does not appear that brutes have the least reflex sense of actions as distinguished from events, or that will and design, which constitute the very nature of actions, as such, are at all an object of their perception. But to ours they are; and they are the object, and the only one, of the approving and disapproving faculty.
الصفحة 165 - The question, then, carries its own answer along with it. Your obligation to obey this law, is its being the law of your nature. That your conscience approves of and attests to such a course of action, is itself alone an obligation. Conscience does not only offer itself to show us the way we should walk in, but it likewise i carries its own authority with it that it is our natural guide...
الصفحة 95 - But a religion which laid down the broad rule of duty, that " all things whatsoever we would that men should do to us, we should do even so to them," could not have sanctioned slavery in any way.