Landlord, and disappointed farmer, 300, 301;— the wicked, Andrew Cobbet, 408.
Land-monopoly, desolating effects of, 35.
Landscape, of spring, its beauty, 8;- pictured, 311; - an improved prospect over it, 63; morning, described by Dyer, 76; the, seen from Richmond Hill, 149; -paint- ing and gardening, 162, 163; arrangement of shrubbery and trees in, 163; the principles of, 163; how to form one, 163; combine selected excellences, 163, 164; broad contrasts, careless lines, 163, 164; various charms of, 284; descriptions should be enlivened with animals, 286; flocks, cattle, deer, the horse, 286;- West India, 434; sea-view, 434.
Landscape-gardening, 63; shrubs of use in, 63; models of, 64; exploits in, 86, 87; unknown to Romans, 161;- reform in, due to Bacon, 165; -poem on, by Mason, 161 -184; by Delille, 263-289.
Land-slides, 278.
Languedoc, canal of, 275, 509.
Lapland and Britain contrasted as to sheep-raising, 433. Laplanders, 403; reindeer, 403; northern lights, 403. Larius, the lake Como, in northern Italy. Lark, 194; love-song of, 9; soaring, 10. LARS, OF LEMURES; the Lars, or Lares, were Roman house- hold gods of human origin; they presided over houses, families, etc. Spirits separated from the material body were called Lemures; if for faults a spirit could not rest, it appeared as a phantom, and was called Larva. The three kinds were called Manes.
LATONA, a daughter of Titan parents, and a wife of Jupiter, by whom she had Apollo and Diana. Niobe, proud of a numerous offspring, set herself before Latona, whose two children thereupon destroyed her.
Lavinia, story of, 299, 300; Acasto, 299. Lawns, in landscape gardening, 63. Law reform urged, 399.
Laws of nature, muses invoked for a knowledge of the (Vir- gil), 220.
Lazy people sleep ill, 341; industrious, better, 341. Lead, British, 66.
Leah Cousins, story of, 412, 413; her plea ; supplanted and takes to drink, 413.
Leander, force of love in, 225. He was a youth of Abydos, beloved by Hero, for whom he swam frequently across the Dardanelles strait; but, in attempting it one stormy night, he was drowned.
Learned, follies of the, 81; arraigned at the judgment-day, 81; their labors weighed, 365.
Leaves, flowers, and fruits, 59.
Lebanon and the Syrian shore at sunrise, 171.
Lee, river, England, 50, 394.
Leeches, political, 87.
Leisure, retired, its employments and enjoyments, 83 ; — difficult to manage, 365; what literature it needs, 365. Lemons, limes, plantains, oranges, 421.
Lessons, Rhymed, for July, 244.
Level, dreary, how to treat it, 167; copse, swamp, 167, 168. Lewdness, dissuaded from, by Epicurus, 64. Liberty, and law, 11;- and Cato, 144; -
arts, 149; struggles for, 471; her cause the cause of humanity, 471; life without it a burthen, 472; Christian liberty, 472, 473.
Libra, the scales. See Zodiac; Ceres.
Licentiousness, in country as well as city, 259 - its detesta- ble effects, 454.
Liddal stream and Armstrong's childhood, 337.
Life, picture of a happy one, 14; - physical, the sun the medium of, 50; a well-harmonized, aspiration for, 76; proper business of, 83; — stops in age, 204; gradual decay, 204; - love of, 250 ;-true measure of, 260 ; — out-doors, its health and happiness, 355; cheerful prayer, 355;-island of, on eternity's ocean, 360, 361; - happy, precepts of, 453; all life is from God, 478; — village ; see Village Life.
Light, apostrophe to, by Thomson, 136.
Lightning, 146; story of its effects, Celadon and Amelia,
Littleton. See Lyttelton.
LLOYD, ROBERT, born in London, 1733. His father was undermaster at Westminster, and Robert became usher. Disgusted with this drudgery, he attempted to live by literature. His magazine failed, he was imprisoned, and Churchill allowed him a guinea a week. When Churchill's death was announced to him abruptly, he exclaimed, 'I shall follow poor Charles !' took to his bed, and died of a broken heart, 1764.
LLOYD'S Country-box, 323, 324.
Loamy soil, its use and treatment, 60.
Locality for a home, a choice one described, 49.
Localities, best suited to the sugar-cane, 418, 419; low levels, 418; -mountain, 418, 419;- various, produc- tive of disease, 48; various remedies for, 49; a choice one described, 49. Locke, eulogy of, 150. Loddon, river, 293, 294.
Lodona, the nymph, and Pan, story of; Pan's pursuit, 292; Lodona transformed by Diana into a cold stream, 293. London, market-gardens of, 61; — apostrophe to, 87; - the receptacle of all kinds of rogues, sharpers, and vice, 87; what causes people it, 87; a moral cess-pool, 87 ; — its vices, 252;-a nurse of arts, 252; painting, sculp ture, engraving, 252; home of science, commerce, wealth, 252; reforms recommended to her, 252;— reflections on, by Cowper, 252;- the grave of provisions, 43; market of, 43; the world's mart for the woollen trade; ship- ping and merchandise of, 490; London and nature, 76. LONGFELLOW, HENRY WADSWORTH, born in Portland, Maine, Feb. 27, 1807. He was graduated in 1825, at Bowdoin College, and afterwards studied law. Appointed profess or of modern languages in Bowdoin College, in 1826 Mr. L. went abroad, to accomplish himself for it. In 1835 he was appointed professor of modern languages and literature at Harvard College, which office he re- signed in 1854.
LONGFELLOW'S April Day, 51;- April, 52, 53 ; — Angler's Song, 205, 206;- Autumn, 343; - Autumnal Nightfall, 344; -Thanksgiving, 394;- Village Blacksmith, 514. Longing to see God: a psalm, 330; - after God; see Quarles.
Look-out, the, 248; cheap immortality, 248. Loom, 504; hand, figuring, stocking, looms, 504. Loves of the birds, 9; their love-songs, 9.
Loves of plants and aversions, with instances, 379. Love, refined, of the sexes, 8; spring voices of; of birds, in spring, to each other, 9; to their young, 10, 11;- creative, 11;-effects of on the girl and boy, 13; warn- ing against, 13; - lawless, its dreadful effects, 13;- mere animal, dissuaded from, 13;-effects of on mind and man- ners, 13, 14; - domestic, 12, 14: true, 14; — vicious, 13;-lawless, dire effects of, 99, 100; and prudence, 369; mischiefs of being in love, 361; when it harms and harms not, 454; - temperance in, 454; - licentious- ness detestable, 454; retined natures should beware of love, 454.
Love and beauty, 195; love, hope, and spring, 44. Love and Wisdom, the divine, 152. Love-letter, the, described, 13.
Love of change, nature adapted to man's, 250; cliff, vale,
Love of nature, universal, 464; displayed even in cities, 464; broken vases, for flowers, 464.
Love, physical, force of, 224; in the lioness, bear, tiger, horse, wild-boar, 224, 225; Leander, 225; in the lynx, wolf, dog, mare, 225.
Lover, pangs of the, 13; - moonlight walk of, 13; - dreams of, 13;- why he seeks retirement, 361;-sighs, idolatry, 361; mischief of being in love, 361; lovers unmanage able, 361; advice to, recalled to duty, 362; woman not to be adored, but beloved, 362; - stroll of the, 370; tempt- ation yielded to, 371; heartless husband, 371; -musing bad for, 454. See Love.
Loves of Dolon and Egeria, a tale, 276, 277. Love-sickness, 361, 362; described, 13, 14; country charms increase it, 362;- sad effects of, 454; - cures for, 454. See Cupid; Lover.
Loyalty, false and true, 470, 471; servility, 471. Lucinda, Lady George Lyttelton, alluded to, p. 12. Lucy: a ballad, by Bloomfield, 129, 130.
Lucy, the miller's daughter, her story, 317, 318. Lucy and Colin, a ballad, by Tickell, 73. Lusitania, the classic name of Portugal, 145. Luteola, 66, note.
Lutetian, Parisian; Lutetia, that is, Mud-town, was the ancient name of Paris, as being on a muddy island. Luxuries of the W. Indies, 435.
Luxurious sin and laborious virtue, contrasted, 374. Luxury, a curse to the poor and the country, 37 ; the ruin of nations, 38.
Luxury of woe, the, 183; time the soother, 183; temper- ance is true, 200; and vice of cities, 252; - and the fine arts, 298, 299; — and literature, 365. Lybian pastures, flocks, prairies, and nomades, 226. Lycaean, of Lycæus, a mountain in the south-west of Ar- cadia. Jupiter was born on its summit, and had here an open air altar, with an inviolate precinct, into which if one entered he died within the year. From it the whole of the Morea is visible.
Lycidas: a pastoral monody, by Milton, 241-243. Lydian, belonging to Lydia, a famous kingdom, which in- cluded Asia Minor to the Halys. Cyrus, King of Persia, conquered it from the rich Croesus. Sardis was the capital.
LYTTELTON, LORD GEORGE, a general author and poet, of Hagley, in Worcestershire, near the Leasowes of Shen- stone. Becoming secretary to the Prince of Wales, he was able to benefit his literary friends, Thomson and Mallet. In 1741 he married Miss Lucy Fortescue; her death, five years afterwards, gave occasion to the Monody, considered as his best production. Walpole and the whigs being vanquished, Lyttelton became a lord of the treasury, and afterwards privy counsellor, and chancellor of the exchequer, and a peer. He died August 22, 1773, aged 64. He wrote a treatise on the Conversion of Paul, which is deemed a valuable buttress to Christianity; also a history of Henry II. His Prologue to Thomson's Co- riolanus is deemed Lyttelton's finest piece of poetry. LYTTELTON, OF LITTLETON, GEORGE, Lord, biographical no- tice of, note, p. 12; eulogized by his friend Thomson, 12; his poem of the Progress of Love, a pastoral, in four parts, 187-190.
Machinery, labor-saving, an advantage to the operative, 501. Mackenzie, 492. Madder, British, 66, and note. MECENAS, Virgil's patron, address to, 214; another, 222. He was also the dear friend and munificent patron of Horace. It is to the honor of his noble nature that he knew how to preserve independence, freedom, self- respect, and friendship, while conferring abundantly the favors of wealth and rank; hence his name has become a proverb for such rare excellence.
Mæotian, or Crim-Tartar, around the Palus Mæotis, or Sea of Azof, including the Crimea. Magnificence, country, the cost of it, 37. Magpie, 133.
MAIA, the name of one of the Pleiades, or Seven Stars, 210. Maidens, in spring, 12, 13; - warned against love, 13; - attending a bride, with flowers, 156; undressing, 313. Maid-Marian, wife of Robin Hood, 34. Maimed slaves, treatment of, 430,' Majesty of Nature, inimitable by art, 172; Skiddaw, 172; Borrowdale, Lodore, Dove-dale, 172; —of virtue, 453. Making hay, by Thomson, 134. See Haying. MALLET, DAVID, 'a successful but unprincipled literary ad- venturer.' Born in Perthshire, 1700; died April 21, 1765. He went to London as tutor in the Montrose family, and published William and Margaret, a ballad, and soon num- bered Young and Pope among his friends. His second marriage brought him fifty thousand dollars. He tra- duced Pope's memory, and lent himself to destroy Admi- ral Byng, and took a pension for a memoir of Marlborough, which he never began.
MAMBRINO, a character of chivalry, whose helmet has been immortalized by Don Quixote.
Man, mars the country, 82;- should adore, not cavil at Providence, 138; fate of, 138, 139; - in the tropics, la- mentable condition of, 143; tyrannized over by the sun, 144; alone brooks thraldom, 169;— and his works gradually decay, 204; contrasted employments of, 220; - and art give pictures of nature an interest, 286; in the family and man in the army, 463;- worship, 470; crowned monarch of animals, 479, 480. Man's body a disciplinary dungeon, 473. Mange, cured with tobacco, 67.
Manichean, according with the doctrine of Manes, note, 471. Mankind, insane, 80; — their talents, for mutual aid, 132. Manufactures, 274.
Manure, heap, in Spring, 43;-rejected as pernicious, by Tull's theory, 60; various manures, and their use or disuse, argument for, 61;-marl, tan, dung of cattle, swine, pigeons, horses, sheep; soot, muck, street-sweep- ings, greens; shelly ocean sands; pulse and greens ploughed in; turnips, 61.
Manners, various, 272.
Manners, Lord, eulogy of him, 259, 260.
Mansion-house, unused, its steward and rents, 409. Mantua, a town of Lombardy, on an island in the Mincio, a tributary of the Po; the poet Virgil was born at or near it, and is hence called the Mantuan Swain,' 8. Marble, its formation, 279, 280.
March, month of, 1-40; - Spenser's Eclogue for, 15. 16. March: an ode, by Bryant, 25; -husbandry of, by Tusser, 31. See Husbandry.
Marcley Hill, sliding of, 377.
Mares, brood, care of, 223;-impregnated by the west wind, 225.
Maria, wife of Mason, tribute to, 161. Marian, Mariana, or Maid-Marian, 34.
Marina, her love and despair, 155, 156 ; — restored by water- gods, her adventures, 156.
Marjoram, indicative of a good house-site, 49. Market-night: a ballad, by R. Bloomfield, 443. Marlborough, alluded to, 70.
Maro, Virgil, named Publius Virgilius Maro. See Virgil. Marriage, a happy one, 14; a selfish one, 14; - or no Mar- riage, a discussion, Peggy and Jenny, 106, 107; -a pru- dent and happy one, 373; - Reuben and Rachel, 373 ; — of West India slaves, 441.
Marriages: a poem, forming part of Parish Register, by Crabbe, 369-374. Marry prudently, 369.
Mars and Venus, allusion to, 91. Martyrs, glorious, 474.
Mary, the farm-girl, 195. MASON, WILLIAM, born 1725, died 1797. Educated at Cam- bridge, he took orders, and became king's chaplain (hold- ing the living of Ashton), and precentor of York Cathe- dral. He was an active Whig. His first poem, the trag- edy of Elfrida, appeared in 1753. He wrote odes on the British revolution, independence, the fall of tyranny, mem- ory, melancholy; but his longest work is the English Gar- den, pp. 161-184.
Mason, Mrs., tribute to her memory, 161. MASON'S English Garden, 161-184. Master and man, good feelings between, 106. Master of the ring, the, at the May, 81.
Mastiff, the 'faithful,' 447; turned sheep-dog, 447. Matins, of the boy and birds, 42, 43. Maupertuis, quoted, note, 404.
May-day, the king and queen, and dance, 90; — feast, de- scribed, 97; - Emily a-Maying, by Dryden, 102.
May, a walk in, with Amanda, 8; morning, by Milton, 102; reign of: an ode, by Percival, 101, 102. May's Husbandry, 133. See Husbandry.
MEAD, DR., a distinguished physician and writer on the plague, 145; tribute to him, 47. Meadow in spring, 8.
Meanness and disappointment in town life.
Meats, avoid much in spring, 201; — boiled, when to be used, 49;-best age and condition of, for eating, 199; stall-fed cattle, unhealthy, 199.
Meditation, haunts of, 63, 140. Visionary world, the, 140. Mechanic, the, and retired statesinan, 363. Medici, Venus de, 148.
Medicinal plants of Britain, 67.
Medicine closet, free, in the country, 268; charity, 268. Melancholy, what localities produce it; how produced, 48 -philosophic, 240, 241; in autumn, 306, 307; - as a disease, described, 362; needs sympathy, 338. MELCOMBE, Lord, complimented by Thomson, 135, and note. MELEAGER. See note on p. 46.
MELEAGER'S Spring, translated by Buckminster, 46. Mella, a small river of Northern Italy.
MELPOMENE, the inventress and muse of Tragedy. See Muses.
MELVIL, General, governor of West India islands. MEMNON, an ancient King of Ethiopia and Egypt, whose giant statue is still seated near Medinet Abou, in Egypt, on the banks of the Nile. By some arrangement of son- orous stones, which expanded by heat, the statue uttered musical sounds when first struck by the rays of the morning sun.
Miasmata, pestilence from, 145.
Michaelmas, best time to breed sheep, 68.
Microscope, its wonders, 380; seeds, plants, buds, 380. Middlesex gardeners, near London, 61.
Middling sort of people, of England, note, p. 89. Midnight, precepts as to study, balls, &c., 341; — winter, 397.
Midwife, story of Leah Cousins, 412, 413; Dr. Glib, 413. Mighty dead, the, 399; Socrates, Solon, 399; Lycurgus, Leonidas, 399, 400; Aristides, Cimon, Timoleon, Pelopi- das, Epaminondas, Phocion, Agis, Aratus, Philopomen, Numa, Servius, Brutus, Camillus, Fabricius, Cincinnatus, Regulus, Scipio, Cicero, Cato, Virgil, Homer, 400. Migration of birds, 305; stork, 305. Milch-cows, 68; milking, 68.
Miletus (now Palatscha), a famous city of Ionia, in Asia Minor, that sent out seventy-five or eighty flourishing colonies to the Black Sea, &c., and is said even to have colonized Ireland and north Spain; whence the term Mile- sian applied to Irishmen.
Military spirit, a curse to the country, 463; military chief- tainship, 469, 470.
Milk, to be used in dry climates, 49; how to feed for, 226, 227; milking, 43, 227.
Milk-maid, 314; - her mistress, seat, pails, song, 43;- and shepherd, their evening walk home from work, 151. See Dairy-maid.
Millennium, the, 483, 484.
Miller's daughter: a portrait, 317, 318. Millions have died of medicable wounds, 341. Mills, cane; by cattle, wind, water, 431.
Milonides, master of the ring, 81;- proclaims the May-day prizes, 91;- arrangements, 98.
MILTON, JOHN, born in London in 1608; died, of the gout, in 1674. He took the degree of M.A. at Cambridge, in 1632, and during the next five years of retirement wrote Comus, and the poems at pp. 239-243. In 1643 he mar- ried Miss Powell, who left him a month after. She re- turned, after two years, and, kneeling for pardon, they were reconciled, and lived together till 1652, when she died, and he immediately married a second wife, and afterwards a third. Milton was made Latin Secretary of the Commonwealth, and in 1651 published his Defence of the English People; and Paradise Lost in 1667. MILTON, eulogized by Cowper, 182; the herald of a true taste, 165; his paradise' described, 510. MILTON'S Morning Hymn of Adam and Eve, 40; -May Morning, 102; -Rural Poems (three of them), 239-243;
- Evening, 262; — Christmas Hymn, 444; - description of the Garden of Eden, 510.
Mind, the, diseased by the ails of the body, 452; - its labor wears the body, 451.
Minerals, the sun's effects on, 136, 137; collection of, 282. MINERVA, or PALLAS, also PARTHENIA (the virgin), the god- dess of wisdom and tutelar deity of Athens, where is still seen her temple, the noble Parthenon. See note, p. 26.
Mines of Britain, 66; coal, fullers' earth, building-stone, lime, lead, iron, 66.
Minister. See Pastor; Clergyman; Parson.
Mirth a poem. See L'Allegro, 239, 240.
Misagathus and Evander, story of, by Cowper, 481. Mischief of animals characterizes a degenerate age, 168. Miseries, human, divine communion a solace for, 366;-of the poor, causes of, 317;- various forms of, 398. Mission, each person has his special place and use, Mistake, a common one of cattle and men, 89. Mobs, reckless injustice of, 94.
Montanverts, Mt., 281.
Montfort, Simon de, alluded to, 89, and note. Months, of the ancient Greeks, note, p. 23.
Mont Blanc: a hymn before sunrise in the vale of Cham- ouni, by S. T. Coleridge, 466.
Monumental falsehoods, 409, 410.
Moon, signs by the, 211, 212;-the meek-eyed, 136 ; — does not influence the cane, 421; summer moonlight, 265; moonlight in the West Indies, 441, 442.
MOORE'S (THOMAS) translation of Anacreon's Ode to Spring,
MOPSA, the victim of seduction, 99; her story and invec- tive, 100; flies at her rival, Ganderetta, 100. Morning, early, 23; in the country, 27, 312; — walk, 27; - hymn, Milton's, of Adam and Eve, 40 ;-song of birds and boy; walks of Giles, 42, 43;— in the torrid zone, 141; of the virtuous man of leisure;-in the Golden Age, 6.
Morning: a pastoral, 153;-a sonnet, by Otway, 154. MORPHEUS, the god of sleep and dreams; represented as an old man, with two large wings on his shoulders, and two small ones on his head.
MOSCHUS's choice, 88; account of Moschus, note, p. 26. Mosses, collection of, 282; varec, lichen, agaric, punk or amadou; nenuphar, 282.
Mostyn, Mr., dedication of 'Cider' to him, 377. Mother's story of Sally Gray, 325-327;-death, story of, 412; she is missed at home, 412.
MOTHERWELL's Summer Months: an ode, 160. Motives for retirement, 365.
Mound, artificial, for flowers, 85.
Mountains, West Indian, reservoirs of moisture, 420, 421; -reservoirs of water, 274; - rapid survey of, 304 ; —a visit to, 280;-favorable to genius and wisdom, 280 ;- varied characteristics and formation of, 280, 281;-na- ture's garniture of, 281;-Jura, Montanverts, 281;- avalanches, 281; mountain torrents, sudden effects of, 278.
Murrain, in sheep, its symptoms and cure, 67, 68. See Sheep.
MUSAUS, a Greek poet of great but uncertain antiquity. Born in Thrace, he lived chiefly at Athens, and the por- tion of the side-hill on which he lived was called Museum, for him; hence our word museum,' from a theatre there afterwards. His date is given as 1426 B. C., when his hymns were used in worship. Muscovado sugar, 432, 433. MUSES, the, nine beautiful maidens, fabled by the Greeks to be daughters of Jupiter and Mnemosyne (memory), and to preside as deities over poetry, music, and all the liberal arts and sciences. Of them, Calliope presided over epics and eloquence; Clio, over history; Melpomene, over tragedy; Euterpe, over music; Erato, over lyric and amorous poetry; Terpsichore, over dancing; Urania, over astronomy; Thalia, over comedy, and Polymnia, over singing and rhetoric. Pieria, in Macedonia, was their birthplace. Philosophically they were personifica-
tions of the inventive faculties of mind. Museum of science, order, neatness, taste, 282-284. Music, of birds, in spring, 9; - of the god Pan, 58;-of the Spheres, 58;-of nature in the West Indies, 334;- and the heart, 476;- as a passion-queller, 455; effects of true music, 455; David, Saul, Arion, Orpheus, 455; -music and maids, of the shepherd's dance, 157, 158. Musidora and Damon, story of, 147, 148. Musings, Spring, by Clare, 53. Mutual, kind offices, 268;-
My Father: a ballad, 514.
- Dependence, extract from
'My Paty is a lover gay:' a song (xxI.), 128. 'My Peggy is a young thing: a song (1.), 103. Myrtle, of the greenhouse, 85.
Mysia, a province in the north-west of Asia Minor. NAIADS, water-nymphs, beautiful girls, deities, supposed to animate fountains, streams, and springs. They were held in great veneration; goats and lambs were sacrificed to them, with libations of wine, honey, and oil; sometimes only milk, fruit, or flowers, were offered. See Nymphs. Naked, meaning of, note, p. 20.
Naming a parish infant, 321.
Napaan, from the Greek nape, a grove.' See Nymphs. Naples, the residence of Virgil, 236.
NARCISSUS, 9, and note; - the flower, 9. Native products and fashions, preferable, 272. Natural history cabinet, 282, 283.
Nature, Author of, ascription of praise to Him, for vegetable life and functions, 9;-holy love of, its soothing effects, 12; - personified, by Dodsley, 58;- and Pan, a vision of, 58; a hymn of, 59; a theory of, 59; - beauties of, 59; study of, sometimes shuts out God, 81;-who truly enjoy the charms of, 82;- charms of, all may share them, 86; admirable even when not in bloom, 86; - revives- cence of, a type of the resurrection, 131:-delight in in- terpreting, 137;- to be mended, not made, 161; - soli- tude and wisdom, 194; - superior to art, 249; free to her admirers, 249; enjoyment of, by the released prisoner, 249; longings by the sea-tossed sailor, 249; - study of, ennobling, 264; —ever new, 264; the vulgar, and the sage, 264; — repays our pains, 264; - forces of, put to use, 274 ; — different views of, 277, 278; - the student of, invited to survey her contrasts and harmonies, 278; - how to be described, 284, 285; as she is, 285; - apostro- phe to, 285;-difficult to render her justice, 285;-neces- sary accessories in the picture of, 286;-contemplation of her grandeur, 360;-invoked to inspire the poet (Cow- per), 361; - differently viewed by the natural and spirit- ual man, 364;-love and study of; the frivolous, the spendthrift, 364; — grandeur, majesty of, 396 ; — reno- vated by winter, 402; — grandeur of, in the West Indies, 435; and God revealed to the pure-hearted, 476;- how viewed by brutes, natural men, spiritual men, 475. Navigation and mechanic arts, 209;-produced by neces- sity, 209; British, triumphs of, 294. Neæra, a nymph.
Necessity, mother of art, 209.
Negroes, West India, 435-441; seasoning, how to keep in health, 436;-marks by which to buy, 436; females, 436; dirt-eaters, 437; begin with easy work, 437; the negroes' condition, comparatively, 437; working hours, 439; emancipation, 437; diseases of negroes, 438; super- stitions, 439; marriage, clothing, huts, festivals, 441; negro-grounds, 440.
Negro code of Louis XIV., 441;-dance, the great, 441; -festivals, dances, 441.
Negro-grounds, West India, 440; products of; yams, cas- sada, angola, bonavist, ochra, potatoes, eddas, calaloo, cale, &c., 440; hedges for negro-grounds, limes, citrons, oranges, cotton, coffee, cocoa, madre de cacao, 440; guard, shade-trees, mammey, tamarind, cassia, chirimoia, 440. Negro-huts, West India, how to build, 441; their shade and fruit trees; coco, bay-grape, millet, bananas, plan- tains; streamlet, 441.
Negro races, the, different varieties of, used as slaves in the West Indies; their characters and uses, 435-441; Congo negroes, Gold-coast negroes, Papaws, Cormantees, Minnah and Moco nations; Mandingoes, Quanzas, 436. Nenuphar, 282.
NEPTUNE, the classic god of the sea; Poseidon of the Greeks, brother of Jupiter and Juno. He is represented, serene and strong, riding in a chariot drawn by sea-horses, and holding in his hand a trident. Dolphins and Tritons ac- company him.
Nereids, water-deities. See Nymphs.
NEREUS, a classic sea-deity, prophet, father of the Nereids. Nerina and Alcander, story of, 178-183;- relates her story, 180; swoons and dies, 182; her tomb, funeral cell, and bust, 183.
Nests, building of, 9, 10; robbed, 10.
Newspaper, 457; a medley and map of life, 457, 458. New settlers, 162.
Night in the country, 28; approach of, and darkness, 170; of summer, 151, 152;- thunder-storm in, 196; -walk of Giles; the fancied ghost, 447, 448. Nightingale, love-song of, 9;- the bereaved, 336. Nightshade, 61; child poisoned by, 61. Niphates, snowy mountains of Armenia, in Asia. NISUS AND SCYLLA, changed into a hawk and lark. Noble peasant, Ashford, story of, 410, 411. Noon: a pastoral, 153;-shade in, 175; - of spring, how to pass it, 8; of summer, drives birds to silence and shade, 139, 141;- described by Dyer, 76, 77; shade, birds, silence, thoughts, 77;-retreat, in haying, 27. Northern Car, the constellation called Dipper, Charles's Wain, Ursa Major, Great Bear, &c.
Northern lights, &c., 403.
Northern Spring: by Hon. and Rev. Wm. Herbert, 46. November, 359-394;-sonnet for, by W. C. Bryant, 376; -to May, 421.
'Now from rusticity and love: ' a song (xv.), 118. Nursery for forest-trees, choice, protection, seeds, 52. NYMPHS, beautiful females, whom the Greeks deemed to animate all nature, and worshipped as deities. Those of the vales were called Napeæ; of the meads, Leimoniads; of the mountains, Oreads; of the waters, Naiads; of lakes, Limniads; of the trees, Hamadryads, supposed to be born and to die each with her peculiar tree; wood- nymphs, Dryads, presided over woods; and fruit-tree, or flock-nymphs, Meliads, over gardens or flocks; the sea- nymphs were called Oceanides or Nereids. The nymphs attended the goddesses and gods. The name means a 'youthful bride,' as they were wived with Nature. Oak, uses of, 62;-ships of British, 62; - revival of the, 131. Oak-groves and forests of England, 62, 63;- of the Druids, 62; - should be renewed, 62; their preservation and increase urged on the prince, 62, 63; Dean, Windsor, Sherwood forests, 63; sturdy strength and deep roots (Virgil), 217;-of Windsor forest, 294. Oats, 66; oat-lands, 64. Oby river, 404. Ocean, tropical, storms on the, 145; typhoons, ecnephia, hurricanes, tornadoes, 145; -frith and grotto, 178 ; — changes of, 280; alternations of sea and land, 280; - its smiles and terrors, 364; — wonders, vegetation, monsters of, 280; - tempest, shipwreck on, 397.
O, dear Peggy, love's beguiling:' a song (IV.), 106. Office-seekers, 263; who, 87.
Oiling of bird's plumage, note upon, 5.
Old age, premature, how induced, 203; - healthy, 249. Old man's cot, 77; -man Kirk and wanton nurse, 369 ; — horse, 222.
Olive-culture, easy, 219; apple-trees, 219. Olney, scenery around it described, 248. Omai, the South Sea Islander, 251, 252. Omnipotence, attested by astronomy, 136. Omrah, an oriental prince, an emir; rajah, a noble. ONSLOW, dedication to; patriotism, 297. Opal, 137.
Operatives in wool, dealers, carders, winders, combers, 505, 506.
Orange-plant, of the greenhouse, 85.
Orchard, one-acre, 385;-in autumn, 385; - proper as- pect for, west, with hills north; proper soil for, 377. Orellana, or Amazon, 143.
Orion, the beautiful constellation in the centre of which is the Ell-wand, Yard, Belt, or three stars, 23. Orinoco, or Oronoque, 143.
Ornamental gardening, ornaments, 177, 178; enduring taste and epheneral fashion, 178. Orphan girl, the, 320, 321.
ORPHEUS, an ancient bard, musician, and philosopher, of Thrace. He introduced worship into Greece, and has left fragments, much corrupted, but is allowed to have had noble thoughts. He lived not long before 1184 B. C., and was called the son of Apollo and Calliope. He seems to have been a priest from India. See Aristaus ; Eurydice. Orpheus and Eurydice, story of, 235, 236; tuneful grief; visits Hades for his wife; returning, he looks back, and she is lost; her touching farewell, 235, 236; his despair and fate, 236.
Ossa, a mountain of Thessaly. See Pelion. Tempe had Olympus on one side, and Ossa on the other. See Tempe. Otter, the, his ravages, 29;-hunt of, by Somerville, 354, 355; habits, 354; tracked to his lair; music of the chase; takes to water, speared, 355.
OTWAY, THOMAS, of brilliant but melancholy history; born 1651, son of a clergyman, educated at Oxford. In 1672 he was an actor, and wrote three tragedies; and after- wards enlisted as cornet, but was cashiered, and always in poverty. He wrote Caius Marcius; the Orphan; Venice Preserved. On the last his fame rests. After starving, he hastily swallowed bread of charity, had a fever, and died, 1685.
OTWAY'S Morning: a sonnet, 154.
Ouse, a river of E. England, running N. into the Wash. Out-door life, health, happiness, cheerful prayer, 355. Ox, and the plague, 227; age for working, 21. Pack of hounds, how to breed, kennel, and manage, 346. Pacific influence of Britain, 294, 295.
Pæstan, belonging to Pæstum, a magnificent city of forgot- ten date, whose stupendous ruins are seen in S. Italy. Painting and poetry, 75;— invocation to the muse of, 161; art of landscape painting and gardening, 162, 163.
Palemon and Lavinia, story of, 299, 300. PALES, the Roman goddess of cattle and pastures. Her fes- tival, the Palilia, was celebrated on the 21st April. Cakes of millet and milk were offered, and the rustics leaped thrice through fires of straw kindled in a row, besides other ceremonies of purification, or fire baptism. Pallas, the Greek name of Minerva. See Minerva. Pallene, a peninsula between the gulfs Saloniki and Cassan- dría, Turkey. The gods and Titans made it their battle- ground.
Palmetto and W. I. shade-trees, 440; tamarind, 440, 423. PAN (all), the impersonation of the visible universe in ac- tion; whence his attributes were very various. Ordinarily, he was deemed the god of shepherds, and represented with a human trunk upon goat's legs and hoofs; his head bore a laughing, flat-nosed, human face, surmounted by horns; he played upon a fistula, syrinx, or pandean pipe, made of hollow reeds of different lengths, joined side by side. He was lecherous and irascible, but good-natured and droll. His worship originated in Arcadia. Note, p.
PAN; music, attributes, pipe, allegory of, 58.
PANOPE, the Nereids, invoked by sailors. See Nymphs. Papaws, the, the best of the races of negroes, 436. Paper, of Britain, 66.
Paphian, belonging to Paphos, a town of Cyprus, famous for the licentious worship of Venus, who was hence called the Paphian queen. See Venus.
Parade, out of place in the country, 263.
Paradise, rural, none exists, says Crabbe, 315; - Milton's description of, eulogized, 165; — renewed, 483, 484. Parental counsels, value of, 476, 477.
Parian, relating to Paros, an island of the Greek archipel- ago, famed for its statuary marble and ancient power. Paris, its contrasts of vice and virtue, squalidness and splendor, evil and good, 288; the Louvre; suicide, har- lotry, Magdalene hospitals, gambling, orphanage, woe, guilt, 288; the country contrasted with it, 288; - Rous- seau's apostrophe to, 288.
Parish foundling, Sir R. Monday, 321, 322.
Parish priest, 256; a jolly youth, sportsman, and whist- player, 258.
Parish Register: Marriages: by Geo. Crabbe, 369-374; - Baptisms, 315-322; - Burials, 407-415.
Parlor twilight, 459, 460.
Parnassus, a hill with two steep peaks, overlooking Delphi, the seat of the Muses. See Muses; Delphi; Helicon. PARNELL, THOMAS, born Dublin, 1679; died 1718. Arch- deacon of Clogher; contributor to Spectator and Guard- ian. Fleeing from his parsonage to London, he became the intimate of the leading men of letters; but his death was hastened by intemperance, occasioned by the loss of his wife.
PARNELL'S Health,' an eclogue, 254.
Parson Addle; Peele, 414; — - Grandspear, 415, 416; Par- sons of the Village, 414, 415. Parson's horse, 322.
PARTHENIA. See Minerva. Parthians, a people originally from the south-east of the Caspian, whose empire equalled the Assyrian, lasted from 256 to 126 B. C., and imposed an effectual check upon Rome in the height of power. Partridge-snaring, described by Gay, 30. Partridge-snaring, 292; soldiers, 292. Passions, the a poem, by Armstrong, 451-455. Past and present contrasted, among laborers, 197. Pastor, the Village, 36, 268; various kinds of, 269. Pastorals, for March, 15-18; April, 45, 46; May, 88; June, 153; July, 198; August, 253, 254; September, 311-314; October, 336; November, 367, 368; December, 406; January, 450; February, 487, 488.
Pastorals, modern, ridiculed, 255; Virgil's Eclogues, pipes, ploughs, and poetry, 255.
Pastorel, the mountain champion; his birth, business, and accomplishments, 91.
Pastures, sheep, improvement of, 498.
Pasturing, in the morning, 226; forenoon, 226; in sum- mer, 226; oak-shade, grove, 226; evening, 226. Passion of the Groves, the, 9, 10. Patagonians, 251. Patriotism, 472; outburst of British upon the French, 97; -of Abdolonymus, 171, 172;-of Lord Manners, 259, 260;British, 472.
Patriot's, the, prayer for his country, 151; - virtues, 151; patriots are glorious, 474.
Patty, the milkmaid, 56, 68; described; her story, 56, 57; marriage with Thyrsis, 56, 57; her milking, 68; butter- making, cheese-making, home, 69.
Paul's spinning machines, 504, 506.
Pauper laborer's burial; mourned by his little friends, the village children; the parson's neglect, 258.
Paupers, their apothecary and priest, 257, 258; — death- bed, 258.
Peace, contrasted with war, 30; to be preferred to war ; exhortation to Prince George, 70;- Quiet, Pleasure, from Grongar Hill, 76;— of mind, inconsistent with abject poverty, 256, 257; -prosperity and glory of Anne's reign, 294; nature's aspect changed, when one's 'peace is made with God,' 364. Peacock, 57; in spring, 11.
Pear-trees, 381; clayey and gravelly soil good for, 378. Peasant, peaceful life of, 220 ;- paupers, farmers, 317;- story of Isaac Ashford, the noble peasant,' 410, 411 ; — Spring Musings of the peasant poet, 53; peasant's nest, 247; advantages and inconveniences of solitude, 247, 248. Peasantry, a manly, irrenewable, 35; exiled by luxury,
Peculiarities of plants, as to soil, habitat, country, 215. Pedantic gardener, his names, plants, and lobes, 321. 'Peggy, now the king's come !' a song (IX.), 109, 110. PELEUS, a King of Thessaly, father of Achilles, who is hence called 'Peleus' son.' See Achilles.
Pelion, a range of mountains along part of the east coast of Thessaly. The giants, in their battle with the gods, piled this mountain on Mt. Ossa, and both on Olympus. PELOPS, son of Tantalus, King of Phrygia, who killed the infant Pelops, and served him up for food to the gods; only a bit of his shoulder was eaten, which was replaced by ivory, when he was restored to life. Tantalus was punished in hell, by perpetual thirst, with a cup of water ever before him, which tantalized him by ever eluding his
Peneus, a river of Thessaly. See note, p. 17. PENTHEUS, note on, 452.
PERCIVAL, JAMES G., poet and geologist. Born at Berlin, Connecticut, where he spent most of his life in literary drudgery beneath his abilities. His Coral Grove is one of the most charming and perfect descriptive pieces of fancy in any language. Graduated at Yale, he studied medicine, became an assistant surgeon in the army, and professor of chemistry at West Point. He surveyed Con- necticut and Wisconsin geologically, by state authority; but while this is penning the telegraph announces his death, May, 1856.
PERCIVAL'S Reign of May, 101, 102; - Spring, 52. Perfumes, 156.
PERSES, a younger brother of Hesiod, who, by bribing the judges, defrauded Hesiod in his share of the inheritance; Hesiod wrote the Works and Days,' to improve the character of his brother, and teach him how to seek wealth, not by litigation, but by a life of industry. Perspiration, checked, evils of, 339; drinking water after sweating, caution, 339.
Peru, 295; conquests of art over nature in, 275. Pestilence, from miasmata, 145; tropical, 145. Peter Pratt, the gardener, and his names, 321. Peter the Great, his heroic education and exploits, 404, 405.
Petty ambitions, 321. Pheasant, 43; death of one, 292. Phebe Dawson, the village belle, her lover, fall, marriage, and misery, 370, 371; fly temptation, 371. PHILIPS, JOHN, born Bampton, Oxfordshire, 1676; died 1708. Liberally educated and well connected, he counted many men of eminence among his friends. He wrote Blenheim, the Splendid Shilling, and Cider, pp. 377-391. PHILIPS, JOHN, allusion to, by Cowper, 83;-invocation to him, 89; complimented, 97; — 'Cider : ' a poem in two books, 377-391.
Phillida and Corydon: a ballad, by Breton, 129. Philomel, Philomela, a classic name for the nightingale, note, p. 9.
Philosopher, rural, his happiness, 220. See Country Gen-
Philosophy of nature, according to Dr. Hales, 59; - of Epi- curus, 64;- praise of, 152; - a religious, the only true, 81, 82; apostrophe to, 151; origin of home, society, arts; guides society, explores creation, reveals God, ex- plains man, 152; its limits, 152;-frees not from spir- itual death, 474.
PHOEBUS, the Greek name of Apollo; the sun. See Apollo. Picnic, the, 282.
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