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OFFICERS AND COUNCIL, 1862-63.

TRUSTEES (PERMANENT).

Sir RODERICK I. MURCHISON, K.C.B., G.C.St.S., D.C.L., F.R.S.
Major-General EDWARD SABINE, R.A., D.C.L., Pres. R.S.
Sir PHILIP DE M. GREY EGERTON, Bart., M.P., F.R.S.

PRESIDENT.

THE REV. ROBERT WILLIS, M.A., F.R.S., Jacksonian Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy in the University of Cambridge.

VICE-PRESIDENTS.

The Rev. the VICE-CHANCELLOR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAmbridge.

The Very Rev. the DEAN OF ELY, D.D.

The Rev. W. WHEWELL, D.D., F.R.S., Master of Trinity College, Cambridge.

The Rev. A. SEDGWICK, M.A., F.R.S., Woodwardian Profossor of Geology in the University of Cambridge.

The Rev. J. CHALLIS, M.A., F.R.S., Plumian Professor of Astronomy in the University of Cambridge. G. B. AIRY, Esq., M.A., F.R.S., Astronomer Royal.

G. G. STOKES, Esq., M.A., F.R.S., Lucasian Professor of Mathematics in the University of Cambridge. J. C. ADAMS, Esq., M.A., F.R.S., Lowndesian Professor of Astronomy and Geometry in the University of Cambridge, and President of the Cambridge Philosophical Society.

PRESIDENT ELECT.

Sir WILLIAM G. ARMSTRONG, F.R.S.

VICE-PRESIDENTS ELECT.

Sir WALTER C. TREVELYAN, Bart., M.A.
Sir CHARLES LYELL, LL.D., D.C.L., F.R.S., F.G.S.
HUGH TAYLOR, Esq.
ISAAC LOWTHIAN BELL, Esq.

NICHOLAS WOOD, Esq.

Rev. TEMPLE CHEVALLIER, B.D., F.R.A.S.
WILLIAM FAIRBAIRN, Esq., LL.D., F.R.S.

LOCAL SECRETARIES FOR THE MEETING AT NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE.

A. NOBLE, Esq.

AUGUSTUS H. HUNT, Esq.

R. C. CLAPHAM, Esq.

LOCAL TREASURER FOR THE MEETING AT NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE.
THOMAS HODGKIN, Esq.

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The President and President Elect, the Vice-Presidents and Vice-Presidents Elect, the General and Assistant-General Secretaries, the General Treasurer, the Trustees, and the Presidents of former years, viz.-Rev. Professor Sedgwick. The Duke of Devonshire. Rev. W. V. Harcourt. Rev. W. Whewell, D.D. The Earl of Rosse. Sir John F. W. Herschel, Bart. Sir Roderick I. Murchison, K.C.B. The Rev. T. R. Robinson, D.D. Sir David Brewster. G. B. Airy, Esq., the Astronomer Royal. General Sabine, D.C.L. William Hopkins, Esq., LL.D. The Earl of Harrowby. The Duke of Argyll. Professor Daubeny, M.D. The Rev. H. Lloyd, D.D. Richard Owen, M.D., D.C.L. The Lord Wrottesley. William Fairbairn, Esq., LL.D.

GENERAL SECRETARIES.

WILLIAM HOPKINS, Esq., M.A., F.R.S., St. Peter's College, Cambridge.

JOHN PHILLIPS, Esq., M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., Professor of Geology in the University of Oxford.
Museum House, Oxford.

ASSISTANT-GENERAL SECRETARY.

GEORGE GRIFFITH, Esq., M.A., Deputy Professor of Experimental Philosophy in the University of

Oxford.

CENERAL TREASURER.

WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE, Esq., M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., 19 Chester Street,

William Gray, Esq., F.G.S., York.

Belgrave Square, London, S.W.

LOCAL TREASURERS.

Prof. C. C. Babington, M.A., F.R.S., Cambridge.
William Brand, Esq., Edinburgh.
John H. Orpen, LL.D., Dublin.

William Sanders, Esq., F.G.S., Bristol.

Robert M'Andrew, Esq., F.R.S., Liverpool.
W. R. Wills, Esq., Birmingham.

Professor Ramsay, M.A., Glasgow.

J. P. Gassiot, Esq.

Robert P. Greg, Esq., F.G.S., Manchester.
John Gwyn Jeffreys, Esq., F.R.S., Swansea.
Robert Patterson, Esq., M.R.I.A., Belfast.
Edmund Smith, Esq., Hull.

Richard Beamish, Esq., F.R.S., Cheltenham.
John Metcalfe Smith, Esq., Leeds.
John Forbes White, Esq., Aberdeen.
Rey. John Griffiths, M.A., Oxford.

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OFFICERS OF SECTIONAL COMMITTEES PRESENT AT THE

CAMBRIDGE MEETING.

SECTION A.-MATHEMATICS AND PHYSICS.

President.-G. G. Stokes, M.A., F.R.S., Lucasian Professor of Mathematics.
Vice-Presidents.-Professor Adams, F.R.S.; Rev. Professor Challis, F.R.S.; Rev.
Dr. Lloyd, F.R.S.; Rev. Professor Price, F.R.S.; General Sabine, President R.S.;
Rev. Dr. Whewell, F.R.S.; Lord Wrottesley, D.C.L., F.R.S.

Secretaries.-Professor Stevelly, LL.D., Professor H. J. S. Smith, F.R.S., and Professor R. B. Clifton, F.R.A.S.

SECTION B.-CHEMISTRY AND MINERALOGY, INCLUDING THEIR APPLICATIONS

TO AGRICULTURE AND THE ARTS.

President.-W. H. Miller, M.A., F.R.S., Professor of Mineralogy in the University of Cambridge.

Vice-Presidents.-C. G. B. Daubeny, M.D., F.R.S.; J. P. Gassiot, F.R.S.; J. H. Gladstone, Ph.D., F.R.S.; Rev. W. Vernon Harcourt, F.R.S.; Dr. Joule, F.R.S. Secretaries.-W. Odling, M.B., F.R.S.; Professor H. E. Roscoe, Ph.D., B.A.; H. W. Elphinstone, M.A., F.L.S.

SECTION C.-GEOLOGY.

President.-J. B. Jukes, M.A., F.R.S.

Vice-Presidents. Rev. Professor Sedgwick, F.R.S.; Sir Charles Bunbury, F.R.S.; R. A. C. Godwin-Austen, F.R.S.; Professor Ansted, F.R.S.

Secretaries. Professor T. Rupert Jones; Lucas Barrett, F.L.S., F.G.S.; H. C. Sorby, F.R.S.

SECTION D.-ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, INCLUDING PHYSIOLOGY. President.-Professor Huxley, F.R.S.

Vice-Presidents.-Professor Balfour, F.R.S.; Rev. Dr. Cookson, Master of St. Peter's College; J. Gwyn Jeffreys, F.R.S.; Rev. Leonard Jenyns, M.A., F.L.S.; Edwin Lankester, M.D., F.R.S.

Secretaries.-Alfred Newton, M.A., F.L.S.; E. Perceval Wright, M.D., F.R.C.S.I.

SUB-SECTION D.-PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCE.

President.-G. E. Paget, M.D.

Vice-Presidents.-John Davy, M.D., F.R.S.; G. M. Humphry, M.D., F.R.S.; Professor Owen, LL.D., F.R.S.; Professor Rolleston, M.D., F.R.S. Secretaries.-Edward Smith, M.D., F.R.S.; G. F. Helm.

SECTION E.—GEOGRAPHY AND ETHNOLOGY.

President.-Francis Galton, M.A., F.R.S.

Vice-Presidents.-Rev. J. W. Blakesley, M.A.; J. Crawfurd, F.R.S.; William Spottiswoode, M.A., F.R.S., General Treasurer of the British Association; Rev. George Williams, B.D.

Secretaries.-Dr. Norton Shaw; Thomas Wright, M.A.; Dr. Hunt; Rev. J. Glover, M.A.; and J. W. Clarke, M.A,

SECTION F.-ECONOMIC SCIENCE AND STATISTICS.

President.-Edwin Chadwick, C.B.

Vice-Presidents.-Colonel Sykes, M.P., F.R.S.; William Tite, M.P., F.R.S.;
Thomas Webster, F.R.S.; James Heywood, F.R.S.
Secretaries.-Edmund Macrory, M.A.; H. D. Macleod, B.A.

SECTION G.-MECHANICAL SCIENCE.

President.-W. Fairbairn, LL.D., F.R.S.

Vice-Presidents.-James Nasmyth, F.R.A.S.; Professor J. M. Rankine; Dr. Rcbinson, F.R.S.; John Scott Russell, F.R.S.; Professor James Thomson, M.A.; Charles Vignoles, F.R.S.

Secretaries.-P. Le Neve Foster, M.A.; William M. Fawcett, M.A.

CORRESPONDING MEMBERS.

Professor Agassiz, Cambridge, Massa- Professor De Koninck, Liége.

chusetts.

M. Babinet, Paris.

Dr. A. D. Bache, Washington.

Dr. D. Bierens de Haan, Amsterdam.
Professor Bolzani, Kasan.

Dr. Barth.

Dr. Bergsma, Utrecht.

Mr. P. G. Bond, Cambridge, U.S.
M. Boutigny (d'Evreux).
Professor Braschmann, Moscow.
Dr. Carus, Leipzig.

Dr. Ferdinand Cohn, Breslau.

M. Antoine d'Abbadie.

M. De la Rive, Geneva.

Professor Wilhelm Delffs, Heidelberg.

Professor Dove, Berlin.

Professor Dumas, Paris.

Dr. J. Milne-Edwards, Paris.

Professor Ehrenberg, Berlin.
Dr. Eisenlohr, Carlsruhe.

Professor Encke, Berlin.
Dr. A. Erman, Berlin.

Professor A. Escher von der
Zurich, Switzerland.
Professor Esmark, Christiania.
Professor A. Favre, Geneva.

Professor Kreil, Vienna.
Dr. A. Kupffer, St. Petersburg.
Dr. Lamont, Munich.
Prof. F. Lanza.

M. Le Verrier, Paris.

Baron von Liebig, Munich.
Professor Loomis, New York.

Professor Gustav Magnus, Berlin.

Professor Matteucci, Pisa.

Professor P. Merian, Bâle, Switzerland.
Professor von Middendorff, St. Petersburg.
M. l'Abbé Moigno, Paris.
Professor Nilsson, Sweden.
Dr. N. Nordenskiold, Finland.
M. E. Peligot, Paris.

Prof. B. Pierce, Cambridge, U.S.
Viscenza Pisani, Florence.
Gustav Plaar, Strasburg.

Chevalier Plana, Turin.
Professor Plücker, Bonn.
M. Constant Prévost, Paris.
M. Quetelet, Brussels.

Linth, Prof. Retzius, Stockholm.

Professor G. Forchhammer, Copenhagen.
M. Léon Foucault, Paris.
Professor E. Fremy, Paris.
M. Frisiani, Milan."

Dr. Geinitz, Dresden.

Professor Asa Gray, Cambridge, U.S.
Professor Henry, Washington, U.S.
Dr. Hochstetter, Vienna.

M. Jacobi, St. Petersburg.

Prof. Jessen, Med. et Phil. Dr., Griess-
wald, Prussia.

Professor Aug. Kekulé, Ghent, Belgium.
M. Khanikoff, St. Petersburg.
Prof. A. Kölliker, Wurzburg.

Professor W. B. Rogers, Boston, U.S.
Professor H. Rose, Berlin.
Herman Schlagintweit, Berlin.
Robert Schlagintweit, Berlin.
M. Werner Siemens, Vienna.
Dr. Siljestrom, Stockholm.
Professor J. A. de Souza, University of
Coimbra.

M. Struvè, Pulkowa.

Dr. Svanberg, Stockholm.
M. Pierre Tchihatchef.

Dr. Van der Hoeven, Leyden.
Professor E. Verdet, Paris.
M. de Verneuil, Paris.

Baron Sartorius von Waltershausen,
Göttingen.

Professor Wartmann, Geneva.

Report of the Council of the British Association, presented to the General Committee, Wednesday, October 1, 1862.

1. The Council were directed by the General Committee at Manchester to maintain the Establishment of the Kew Observatory, and a grant of £500 was placed at their disposal for the purpose. They have received at each of their Meetings regular accounts of the proceedings of the Committee of the Observatory, and they now lay before the General Committee a General Report of these proceedings during the year 1861-62. (See Report of Kew Committee for 1861-62.)

2. A sum of £40 was placed at the disposal of the Kew Committee for the employment of the Photoheliometer; and a further sum of £150 for the purpose of obtaining a series of photographic pictures of the Solar surface, with the cooperation of the Royal Society. The Report of the Kew Committee will make known the results of these recommendations.

3. The Report of the Parliamentary Committee has been received by the Council for presentation to the General Committee today, and is printed for the information of the Members. (See Report of Parliamentary Committee.) 4. The Council have to regret the absence from this Meeting of the General Secretary, Mr. Hopkins, through indisposition, which they sincerely hope will soon be removed.

5. The Classified Index' to the Transactions of the Association, which was authorized to be prepared under the direction of Professor Phillips, is completed in one of the main divisions; the remainder will be printed without delay, and will be delivered to the Members who have subscribed for it before the end of the present year.

6. At that date it is the request of Professor Phillips to be allowed to withdraw from the office of Assistant General Secretary to which he has been appointed, by Annual Election in the General Committee, for nearly thirtytwo years. Having for two years received the useful aid of Mr. G. Griffith, M.A., of Jesus College, Oxford, he has expressed to the Council his conviction of the fitness of that gentleman to undertake the duties which have been so long entrusted to himself.

7. The Council having considered the subject, and having ascertained from Professor Phillips that he would be happy to cooperate with Mr. Hopkins as Junior General Secretary in the next year, recommend that the arrangement here suggested be carried out by the General Committee.

8. The Council received in April, 1862, a communication from Mr. John Taylor, Jun., and Mr. Richard Taylor, requesting that, on account of his great age, their father, Mr. Taylor, might be relieved of all further duties as General Treasurer and Co-Trustee of the Association.

The warmest thanks of the Council were given to Mr. Taylor for his kind attention and most valuable services rendered to the Association in two important offices, as one of the Trustees and sole General Treasurer, and their regret that any cause should render it necessary for him to desire to be relieved from the duties which he has so efficiently performed for the great advantage of the Association, almost from its foundation.

9. Sir Philip de Grey Egerton, Bart., was then requested to accept the office of Trustee of the British Association; and Mr. W. Spottiswoode to undertake the duty of General Treasurer to the Association.

These Gentlemen have kindly consented to act, and have entered on their duties.

10. The Council have been informed that Invitations will be presented to

the General Committee at its Meeting on Monday, October 6, from Newcastleon-Tyne, Birmingham, Bath, Nottingham, and Dundee.

11. That the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge and the Rev. Professor Challis be elected Vice-Presidents for the next year.

October 1, 1862.

WILLIAM FAIRBAIRN,

President.

Report of the Kew Committee of the British Association for the Advancement of Science for 1861-1862.

The Committee of the Kew Observatory submit to the Association the following Report of their proceedings during the past year.

Deeming it desirable that the instrumental arrangements and scientific processes at use in the Observatory should be represented at the International Exhibition, application was made to the Commissioners for space.

This was granted in the nave of the building, where the following instruments are at present exhibited :—

1. A set of Self-recording Magnetographs.

2. An instrument for tabulating from the traces furnished by the Magnetographs.

3. A Unifilar.

4. A Dip Circle.

5. A Self-recording Anemometer.

6. Barometers.

7. An instrument for testing Thermometers, also a Kew Standard Thermometer.

8. Sun Pictures, taken by the Kew Heliograph.

The Committee have the pleasure to inform the Association that a Medal has been awarded to the Kew Observatory for excellence and accuracy of construction of instruments for observing terrestrial magnetism; and that two Medals have likewise been awarded to Mr. R. Beckley, Mechanical Assistant at Kew, for his Registering Anemometer, and for his Photographs of the Sun.

It is proposed that application be made to the Government Grant Committee of the Royal Society for the expenses incurred through this exhibition. At the time when the last Report was made to the Association, the Staff at Kew were occupied with the verification of a set of magnetic instruments belonging to Prof. De Souza, of the University of Coimbra, a gentleman who was present at the Meeting at Manchester. The examination of these was shortly after completed, and the instruments, consisting of a set of Selfrecording Magnetographs, a tabulating instrument, a Dip Circle, and a Unifilar, have since been safely received at Coimbra.

The following letter was addressed to the Chairman by Prof. De Souza shortly before his departure ;

"London, 26th October, 1861.

"MY DEAR SIR,-I cannot leave England, where I have been exceedingly favoured by the Committee of the Kew Observatory of the British Association, without expressing to you my hearty thanks for the help I have experienced from the Committee in the construction and verification of the Magnetic and Meteorologic instruments for the University of Coimbra, as well as for the valuable instruction which I have received, guided by the Director of the Kew Observatory, and the kindness which the British Asso

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