the poet in stating the matrimonial union in question; of which the first indeed seems to be pointed to by the terms Φυλης and φυλλων, alluding to the tribes under the independent Rajahs that occupy the northern part of the west side of India. And before we quit this side of India, it should not be overlooked, that the lines last mentioned contain an especial notice of the island of Elephanta, near Bombay, and of the famous subterraneous temple there, in which the rays of the sun never penetrate, &c.; as there is also a particular allusion in them to the neighbouring province of Guzerate, covertly noticed in Quλawv yag Env χυσις, in χυσιν δ' επεχεύατο φυλλων, and in the 46sth line, κυσε δε ζείδωρον αρέραν. There is την also another remarkable circumstance noticed in the above lines, namely, the sun's coming to the tropic in the province of Guzerate, which is poetically hinted at in the beautiful simile d' OTE TIG danov, &c. and the particular point at which the sun comes to the tropic is expressly marked by the word yetτoves, alluding to the town of Geitpour there, situate just under the tropic. As to the eastern side of India, the following lines seem to refer to the want of harbours, the breakers, and the great surf, which render an approach to the coast on that side so dangerous as it is well known to be: 5 Od. 406, Και δη δέπον ακέσε ποτι σπιλάδεσσι θαλασσης And the river, to the mouth of which Ulysses swam after his shipwreck, seems clearly to have been the Hughly,* a branch of the Ganges, * It appears probable that the town of Hughly, situate on the river of that name, was anciently of much more importance than at present. Mr. Hodges in his Travels in India, speaks of it as follows, p. 42. "The old town of Hoogly is now nearly in ruins, but possesses many vestiges of its former greatness. In the beginning of this century, (the 18th,) it was the great mart for the export trade from Bengal to Europe." Βη δ' μεν ες υλην (450), which brings us to the other settlement, of which the poet gives an account: and as he seems to have designated the former by the terms ο μεν φύλης, with reference to the independent tribes under the Rajahs of the north-western part of India, so this other he marks by the terms ο δ' ελαίης, alluding disguisedly to the capital of India, Delhi; which city we may see again covertly noticed in the 6 Od. 162, Δήλω δη ποτε τοιον, &c. and that the river Hughly, a branch of the Ganges, was in the contemplation of the poet, seems clearly to follow from the notice of the mud (σχοινον, 46s) and the jungles at its mouth (475): Ει δε κεν ες κλιτον αναβας και δάσκιον υλην where in λ we have again the Hughly mentioned: so likewise in the 447th line, Δείδω μη θηρεσσιν ελως και κύρμα γενωμαι, we have a notice of the wild beasts, which find shelter in great numbers in the jungles, at the mouth of the Hughly, and in Od. 6, line 82, a near approximation to the name of the Ganges itself, καναχη δ' ην ημιονοιιν. It appears indeed by the language of Ulysses, in regard to Delhi, εxeσε, 6 Od. 164,* that the poet ήλθον γας * Besides the evidence which thus appears to arise, (from the oldest poetry) of the ancient connexion, subsisting between the British islands or the Europeans in general, and India, I doubt not that if the remains of ancient architecture in India were examined with that view, similar evidence would result from such an inquiry. inquiry. The following extracts from Mr. Hodges's Travels, cited in a former note, have a bearing upon this subject: "Surrounding the city, (Benares,) are many ruins of buildings; among others is a large circular edifice, on which are still vestiges of some of the ornaments; and on one part I found the Grecian scroll."-Again,-" During my studies there, while I was making drawings of some Bramins and other persons who were entering and departing from a temple meaned to intimate that the English (under the person of Ulysses) were fixed and seated there, or named Viss Vissha, my attention was called to the building itself, and the more I regarded it, the more I was surprized to discover ornaments upon it which were familiar to my eyes. On accurately observing the building in all its parts, I found each column to contain the different ornaments which are found in the other parts of the building. It is certainly curious to observe most of the ornamental parts of Grecian architecture appearing in a building erected on the plains of Hindostan," p. 63. The extracts above given, in so far as they concern a resemblance to the works of the Greeks, are to be ascribed, according to the reasoning offered in the Introduction to these Chapters, to the Europeans at large: but, if it be supposed, as it reasonably may be, that the trident of Neptune has always been in the hands of the English, the following extract from the same work of Mr. Hodges, must be applied to them and to them only, and so serve to point out which of the European nations is likely to have had an ascendancy in India at the time in question. "At Deogur, (a small village, famous for the resort of Hindoo pilgrims, being a sacred spot,) are five curious |