ter for the neighbrohood in which it is located and in 1900 reported. a population of 78.

Otto, George F., has risen to prominence and definite success as a contractor and builder in his native city of Savannah, where he was born, Dec. 28, 1868, a son of Frederick and Martha (Padgett) Otto, both of whom were likewise born and reared in Savannah, where the former passed his entire life, a boilermaker by trade and having died when his son George F., now the only living child, was but six years of age. The mother is still living and maintains her home in Savannah. Frederick Otto was a Confederate soldier during the Civil war, as a private in a Georgia regiment. George F. Otto attended the public schools of Savannah until he had attained the age of twelve years, when he assumed the active responsibilities of life, his first employment being as a general utility boy in the pressroom of the Savannah Morning News, with which concern he remained three years. At the age of sixteen years he entered upon an apprenticeship at the carpenter's trade, serving four years and thereafter engaging in the work of his trade, as a journeyman. Since 1891 he has been independently engaged in business as a contracting carpenter and has been very successful in his endeavors, having erected a number of the handsome private residences of Savannah. He is a stanch Democrat, and both he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church South. He is a member of the Savannah chamber of commerce; is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, in which last he holds a state office and is a member of Georgia Company, No. 1, Uniform Rank, Knights of Pythias, which has taken many prizes in competitive drills, both state and inter-state. On Jan. 20, 1892, Mr. Otto married Miss Georgia Olivia Floyd, daughter of Benjamin G. and Eva (Brannon) Floyd, of Savannah, and of their seven children all are living except Benjamin, who died. in infancy. The names of the others are here entered in order of their birth: Lillian Inez, Georgia Lucille, Frederick Floyd, Eva May, Maud Ethel, and Christine Lois.

Ousley, a town in the western part of Lowndes county, is on the Atlantic Coast Line railroad, and near the Little river. It has a money order postoffice, with rural free delivery, an express office, some good stores, schools and churches, and does considerable shipping, especially in cotton, lumber and naval stores.

Ousley, Robert F., a leading member of the bar of Lowndes county, being engaged in the practice of his profession in Valdosta, has represented his county in the state legislature and is a member of one of the old and prominent families of Georgia. He was born at Ousley, Lowndes county, Oct. 18, 1860, a son of Joseph A. and Angie R. (Rushin) Ousley, both natives of Georgia, the former born in Monroe county, Feb. 24, 1832, and the latter in Marion county, Aug. 22, 1832. The paternal great-grandfather

of the subject of this review, was a soldier of the Continental line during the war of the Revolution, having enlisted from Virginia. After the war he settled in Greene county, Ga., and passed the remainder of his life in this state. Col. Joseph A. Ousley was a gallant and distinguished officer in the Confederate service during the Civil war, entering the army as second lieutenant in the Twelfth Georgia volunteer infantry, and having been promoted to captain and later to quartermaster, with the rank of colonel. He was a stanch Democrat and in the early '70s served as a representative of Lowndes county in the lower house of the state legislature. Several years later his party again nominated him for the same office, but he declined the honor. He and his wife both died at Valdosta, the latter in 1884. Robert F. Ousley secured his earlier educational training in the schools of Valdosta, later attended Emory college at Oxford, and Auburn college in Alabama; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1887. He has been identified with agricultural and mercantile pursuits but now gives his time almost entirely to the work of his profession, in which he has been very successful. He has never faltered in his allegiance to the Democratic party and has been prominent in its councils in his county and state. He was chairman of the county committee several years, is a member of the state executive committee from the Eleventh Congressional district, and he served two terms as a member of the state legislature,-1898-9 and 1900-01. He and his

wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church South. On July 18, 1885, Mr. Ousley was united in marriage to Miss Sue L. Beaman, daughter of George G. and Jennie S. (McCoy) Beaman, of Harperville, Miss., and they have two daughters,-Mary Louise, and Gladys.

Oval, a post-hamlet in the southern part of Paulding county, is about five miles northeast of Villa Rica, which is the most convenient railroad station.

Overton, a post-village in the southeastern part of Elbert county, is not far from the Savannah river. Heardmont is the nearest railroad station.

Owen, Allen F., was born in North Carolina and moved to Talbotton when young. He held several local offices and was elected Georgia representative in Congress in 1848. After retiring from Congress he was sent as consul-general to Havana.

Owens, George W., was born in Georgia. He received a good education, studied law and was admitted to practice in Savannah. In 1834 he was elected a member of Congress as a Unionist, and reëlected in 1836. He died at Savannah in 1856.

Owensbyville, a post-village of Heard county, with a population of 100, is on the west side of the Chattahoochee river, ten miles west of Hogansville, which is the nearest railroad station.

Owens' Ferry, a post-village of Camden county, is on the Satilla river, ten miles west of Woodbine, which is the nearest railroad station, though the Satilla river steamers afford transportation facilities. The population ia 1900 was 105.

Owens' Ford, where a skirmish occurred on Sept. 17, 1863, was a crossing place on West Chickamauga creek, not far from Lee and Gordon's mills. Gen. D. H. Hill stationed a cavalry picket to guard the ford, but a little while before sunset the picket was attacked by a considerable force and driven off. The Federals succeeded in crossing, but did not advance very far from the creek. During the night the Confederate plans were changed, so that the repulse of the picket at the ford proved to be a barren victory.

Oxford, a town in Newton county about two miles northwest of Covington, with which it is connected by a horse-car railway, was incorporated by act of the legislature in 1839, and owes its importance to its being the seat of Emory College, one of the oldest and most noted institutions of learning in the South. The population in 1900 was 800 in the corporate limits of the town, and 1,149 in the whole Oxford district. It has a money order postoffice with rural free delivery, telegraph and express offices, several stores, and is a

long distance telephone station.

Besides Emory College, it has

schools belonging to the public school system.

Ozell, a post-village of Brooks county, is on the Georgia Northern railroad, about seven or eight miles north of Pidcock. It had a population of 100 in 1900 and is a trading and shipping point for that part of the county.

P

Pace's Ferry. During the war there was a crossing by this name on the Chattahoochee river east of Smyrna. On July 16-17, 1864, Palmer's and Hooker's corps of Sherman's army crossed the river at this point and the advance became engaged with some of Wheeler's cavalry. The Confederate loss was reported as being 67, and that of the Federals was estimated at about 300.

Page, Rinaldo William, a member of the firm of R. W. Page & Co., proprietors and publishers of the Columbus Ledger, of which he is business manager, is one of the representative citizens of Columbus. He was born in Lee county, Ala., April 17, 1862, a son of William B. and Annie Maria (Green) Page, both of whom were likewise natives of Alabama, where the former was born in 1830 and the latter in 1832. The paternal grandfather, John R. Page, was born in Virginia, where the family was early estab

lished, but removed thence to Alabama, where he became a successful planter. William B. Page was a loyal soldier of the Confederacy in the Civil war, in the Alabama volunteer infantry, with which he served four years. Rinaldo W. Page was reared on the homestead farm and was educated in the public schools of his native state. In 1886 he took up his residence in Columbus, Ga., where he became advertising solicitor for the Columbus Ledger. In 1892, in company with his brother-in-law, Larkin T. Jones, he purchased the plant and business of the Ledger, whose publication they have since continued mest successfully. The Ledger ably advocates the principles and policies of the Democratic party. It has much influence in shaping public affairs in this section and an excellent circulation both in Georgia and Alabama, being the official paper of Columbus. Mr. Page has given unqualified allegiance to the Democratic party from the time of attaining his legal

majority and is at the present time secretary of the board of police commissioners of the city of Columbus. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church South, and he is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias and the Improved Order of Heptasophs. On Dec. 16, 1886, he was united in marriage to Miss Margaret E. Burrus, daughter of James William and Martha (Putnam) Burrus, of Phoenix, Alabama, and they have five children, namely: William Eugene, Rinaldo Burrus, Edmond James, Wyoline and Annie Laurie.

Paine College, at Augusta, is a coeducational institution for the colored people and was established in 1882. It has college, college preparatory and normal departments, the degree of Bachelor of Arts. being conferred on its graduates. The attendance in 1904 was 278.

Paine, William W., was elected representative in Congress in 1868, but owing to a contest over the election he was not allowed to take his seat until January, 1871, which was near the close of the term. He served until March of the same year, and was afterward for several years a member of the state legislature. Paleozoic Area.

(See Geology).

Palmer, Herbert A., vice-president of the Palmer Hardware Company, of Savannah, is one of the old and honored business men of that city and is well entitled to representation in this publication. He was born in Darien, McIntosh county, Ga., Nov. 30, 1833, a son of Samuel and Caroline A. (Dexter) Palmer, the former of whom was born in the State of Rhode Island and the latter in the city of Savannah. Samuel Palmer came to Georgia in the year 1819 and maintained his home in Darien until

1853, when he removed with his family to Savannah, where he founded the hardware business of Samuel Palmer & Son, the junior member of the firm being Samuel B. Palmer, now president of the Palmer Hardware Company, whose business is both wholesale and retail in scope, the concern being one of the leading commercial houses of Savannah. The business has been conducted consecutively under the family name from the time of its inception, more than a half century ago. The original firm was succeeded by that of Palmer & Deppish, in 1865, and in 1876 the title became Palmer Bros., upon the death of John H. Deppish. The firm of Palmer