3. Some of the colouring matter, being scraped from a green room paper, and digested with caustic soda, left a reddish powder, and the alkaline solution when acidulated with muriatic acid gave with sulphide of hydrogen a yellow precipitate; mention the composition of the powder and the precipitate, and explain the manner of their production.

4. The gaseous arsenide of hydrogen, when conducted into a solution of nitrate of silver, gives rise to a precipitate; what is this precipitate, and how does it come to be formed?

5. Write the formula of phosgene gas, mention how it is made, and state the products which are formed when it is mixed with gaseous ammonia.

6. What is the composition of the spontaneously inflammable phosphide of hydrogen; how is it produced, and what change does it experience when sufficiently long exposed to diffuse light?

7. A liquid containing free hydrocyanic acid was supersaturated with solution of potash, then treated with an excess of a mixed solution of chloride and sesquichloride of iron, and finally acidulated with muriatic acid; the result was a blue precipitate, which weighed 18 grains; what was the amount of hydrocyanic acid in the original solution?

8. What bulk of marsh gas could you obtain by the method of Persoz from an avoirdupois ounce of acetate of potash-the temperature at the time being 40°, and the pressure 29.43 inches of quicksilver?

9. If a mixture of the carbonates of potash and soda when quite dry weighs 30 grains, and that, when converted into neutral chlorides, these give with nitrate of silver a precipitate weighing 74.94 grains; what were the quantities of the respective carbonates in the original mixture?

10. What is the formula usually assigned to the bleaching salt of lime; how is this compound made, and what is the volumetric process by which its strength is best determined?

HEAT.

1. A hoop of brass whose coefficient of cubic expansion is 0.0000312 has at 58° Fahrenheit a diameter of 20 inches; what will the diameter become at 58° ?

2. If a body be projected upwards with a velocity which, neglecting resistance of the air, would carry it to the height of 87 feet; at what point in its ascent will its kinetic be 3ths of its potential energy ?

3. If a specific gravity bottle holds at 32° n grains of a liquid, and at ton' grains; what is the coefficient of expansion of the liquid, that of the bottle being k?

4. In balances used for philosophical purposes the marks upon the weights represent the latter with exactness only when in vacuo; when with such weights a body is weighed in air, how from such weighing do you deduce its weight in vacuo, knowing the density D of the body, the density D' of the weights, and the density d of the air compared with water?

5. The height shown at t° Centigrade by a barometer with moveable scale being H, what will this become at o° when corrected for the expansions of the scale and of the mercury?

6. A balloon on leaving the earth contains cubic inches of dry hydrogen, and the bodies attached to it, including its envelope, have a volume of v cubic inches, and a weight of w grains; what is its ascensional force, the pressure being 29.56, and temperature 48° F. ?

MR. GALBRAITH.

7. A vessel of glass, full of mercury, weighs 54.643 grams in air, and 45.732 grams in water; find the weight of the mercury and of the glass. Specific gravity of mercury = 13.596

8. Why is this question of importance in determining specific heats by the method of mixtures?

9. What was Rumford's method of compensation for obviating the disturbing effects of the atmosphere in which this experiment is conducted?

10. If J be the mechanical equivalent of heat in metric measures, and c the specific heat of air, prove that

11. By how many degrees would the combustion of ten grams of carbon raise the temperature of the air in a room whose dimensions are 7.8 x 4m.3 x 2m.7?

Heating power of carbon = 8000.

12. Describe Favre and Silberman's calorimeter.

History, Political Science, and English Literature.

ENGLISH LITERATURE.

DR. INGRAM.

1. By what series of specimens would you illustrate the progress of the English language from the Norman Conquest to the beginning of the sixteenth century?

2. Into what periods would you divide the History of English Literature from Chaucer to Tennyson?

3. Distinguish the plays of Shakspeare produced in his youth, his early manhood, and his mature age.

4. Give a full account of any great English prose work.

5. Write a critical Essay on any of the English poets of the nineteenth century.

POLITICAL ECONOMY.

DR. SHAW.

1. "There are commodities," says Mr. Mill, "the value of which never depends on anything but demand and supply, though these commodities are capable of being increased to a great and even an unlimited extent." What example does he give? Discuss the truth of his proposition with respect to this example.

2. Show, by arithmetical examples or more generally, that the more permanent the machinery is that is employed in the production of any article, the more largely do profits enter into the cost of production.

3. It was thought, by Adam Smith and others, that the produce of land is always at a monopoly value

(a). On what basis did this theory rest?

(b). How does Mill (after Ricardo) show it to be erroneous?

4. (a). What is the principal advantage of the use of money over a system of barter?

(b). Show that in this respect money performs the same function in the economy of society that the flywheel of an engine does in the mechanism of matter.

5. Suppose that the Isle of Man were cut off from all commercial intercourse with the rest of the world, and that a foreigner arrived in it with £500,000 in sovereigns; trace the effects on values, immediate and ultimate, making different hypotheses as to the manner in which he spends his money.

6. "The effects of all changes in the conditions of production of the precious metals are at first and continue to be for many years questions of quantity only, with little reference to cost of production." How does Mill show this?

7. Enumerate the popular remedies for low wages discussed by Mill, and exhibit the fallacy of each of them.

8. "Competition," says Mill, "has only become in any considerable degree the governing principle of contracts at a comparatively modern period." By what facts and considerations does he make good this assertion?

9. A country will seldom have a productive agriculture unless it has a large town population; prove this from economic principles.

10. The superiority of the large over the small system of production is much less clear in agriculture than in manufactures; show this.

HISTORY.

PROFESSOR BARLOW.

1. Give a full account of the scheme of Henry the Great for the reconstruction of the political system of Europe.

2. An important alteration in the posture of affairs was produced by the death of the Duke of Anjou (1584) ?

3. What treaty is known in French history by the name of the "Paix perpetuelle"? Give an account of the circumstances which led to it.

4. How does Hallam endeavour to account for the cowardice of the French during the Norman incursions of the ninth century? Sismondi assigns two causes for the determination of the Normans to settle peaceably in the territory assigned to them?

5. "If Walter de Brienne had possessed the subtle prudence of a Matteo Visconti or a Cane della Scala, there appears no reason to suppose that Florence would have escaped the fate of other cities." Explain this.

6. Set down in chronological order the most important events in the reign of Frederick II. of Germany.

7. What instances does Hallam give of the unconstitutional use of martial law under Elizabeth?

8. Give Hallam's estimate of the character of Archbishop Cranmer.

9. How does he account for the execution of Edward Stafford, Duke of Buckingham? This Duke was a descendant of Edward III.?

10. Trace the descent of Lady Jane Grey, of Arabella Stuart, of Lord Darnley, and of Mary, Queen of Scots, from Henry VII.

JUNIOR SOPHISTERS.

Mathematical Physics.

A.

MR. W. ROBERTS.

1. A weight W hanging by the string AW, tied in a knot at A, is supported by two forces acting along strings AB, AC, which make given angles a, ß, with the vertical line; required the tensions of these strings.

2. A heavy homogeneous rod BC rests with its lower end B on a horizontal plane AB against a smooth vertical wall AC, and is sustained in its position by a string AD, fastened to it at a given point D; find the tension of the string in terms of the angles made with the horizon by the rod and the string.

3. Determine the elevation so that the horizontal range may be equal to the space fallen through to acquire the velocity of projection.

4. Given the height h of an inclined plane, find its length 1, so that a given weight W descending vertically shall draw another given weight W' up the plane in the least time possible.

5. Given the base b of an inclined plane, find its height h, so that the horizontal velocity which a body would acquire by descending down it may be the greatest possible.

7. Assuming the principle of the parallelogram of forces, generalize and prove it for any number of forces acting at a point.

8. A stone is projected vertically from the bottom of a tower 300 feet high, with a velocity of 100 feet per second; after what time should another stone be projected downwards from the summit of the tower with the same velocity in order that they may meet at the middle point of the tower?

9. Adopting any correct definition of Mass, and defining Mobility to be "the velocity produced in a given body by the action of a given statical force thereon for a given time," prove the relation

I
Mobility = Mass

10. From a given point o in an inclined plane, draw right lines oa and ob up and down the plane, and equal in magnitude to μP, u being the coefficient of friction, and P the length of the line which represents the pressure of a given body on the inclined plane. From the point o draw also a vertical line oc representing the weight of the body; draw the lines ca and cb, and produce them indefinitely. Show that a line drawn from any point in either of these lines to o will represent in magnitude and direction the force which just suffices to sustain the body in the plane with the help of friction, or to move the body up the plane, overcoming friction.

11. Assuming that the effective force of gravity increases from the equator to the pole by a quantity varying as the square of the sine of the latitude, show that (q. p.)

equatorial gravity

of oscillations of the pendulum in a given time at latitude A, and n + dn

at latitude X'.

12. Show that