service. It is certain that there can be no merit in any man who is not conscious of it; but the sense that it is valuable only according to the application of it, makes that superiority amiable, which would otherwise be invidious. In this light it is considered as a thing in which every man bears a share. It annexes the ideas of dignity, power, and fame, in an agreeable and familiar manner, to him who is the possessor of it; and all men who are strangers to him are naturally incited to indulge a curiosity in beholding the person, behaviour, feature, and shape of him in whose character, perhaps, each man had found something in common with himself.-SPECTATOR, No. 340.

Translate the following passage into Greek Iambic Verse :—

Such honours

To one ambitious of rule or titles,

Whose heaven on earth is placed in his command,
And absolute power o'er others, would with joy,
And veins swollen high with pride, be entertain'd.
They take not me; for I have ever loved
An equal freedom, and proclaim'd all such
As would usurp on others' liberties,
Rebels to nature, to whose bounteous blessings
All men lay claim as true legitimate sons:
But such as have made forfeit of themselves
By vicious courses, and their birthright lost,
'Tis not injustice these are marked for slaves,
To serve the virtuous. For myself, I know
Honours and great employments are great burthens,
And must require an Atlas to support them.
He that would govern others, first should be
The master of himself, richly endued

With depth of understanding, height of courage,
And those remarkable graces which I dare not
Ascribe unto myself.

Translate the following passage into Latin Prose :

MASSINGER.

If we truly examine the difference of both conditions,-to wit, of the rich and mighty, whom we call fortunate, and of the poor and oppressed, whom we count wretched, we shall find the happiness of the one, and the miserable estate of the other, so tied by God to the very instant, and both so subject to interchange (witness the sudden downfall of the greatest princes, and the speedy uprising of the meanest persons), as the one hath nothing so certain whereof to boast, nor the other so uncertain whereof to bewail itself. For there is no man so assured of his honour, of his riches, health, or life, but that he may be deprived of either, or all, the very next hour or day to come. And yet ye cannot tell, saith Saint James, what shall be on the morrow. To-day he is set up, and to-morrow he shall not be found; for he is turned into dust, and his purpose

perisheth. And although the air which compasseth adversity be very obscure, yet therein we better discern God than in that shining light which environeth worldly glory, through which, for the clearness thereof, there is no vanity which escapeth our sight. And let adversity seem what it will; to happy men ridiculous, who make themselves merry at other men's misfortunes; and to those under the cross grievous; yet this is true, that for all that is past, to the very instant, the portions remaining are equal to either. For, be it that we have lived many years, and, according to Solomon, "in them all we have rejoiced;" or, be it that we have measured the same length of days, and therein have evermore sorrowed; yet, looking back from our present being, we find both the one and the other, to wit, the joy and the woe,-sailed out of sight; and death, which doth pursue us and hold us in chase from our infancy, hath gathered it.-RALEIGH.

Translate the following passage into Latin Alcaics :

To an Early Primrose.

Mild offspring of a dark and sullen sire!
Whose modest form, so delicately fine,
Was nursed in whirling storms

And cradled on the winds.

Thee, when young Spring first questioned Winter's sway,
And dared the sturdy blusterer to the fight,

Thee on this bank he threw

To mark his victory.

In this lone vale, the promise of the year,
Serene thou openest to the nipping gale,
Unnoticed and alone,

Thy tender elegance.

So virtue blooms, brought forth amid the storms
Of chill adversity; in some lone walk

Of life she rears her head,

Obscure and unobserved:

While every bleaching breeze that on her blows
Chastens her spotless purity of breast,

And hardens her to bear,

Serene, the ills of life.

History and English Literature.

KIRKE WHITE.

HISTORY.

PROFESSOR BARLOW.

1. Discuss the theory of the Abbé Dubos concerning the title of

Clovis to reign in Gaul.

2. Give an account of the life of Charles Martel.

3. Draw up a table of the principal contemporary European sovereigns from the Norman Conquest of England till the accession of Louis VII. of France.

4. Give an account of the events which led to the invasion of Italy by Otho the Great.

5. Write notes on the following events in the early history of Venice: the origin of the Republic; the origin of the city; the institution of the Doges; the acquisition of Dalmatia.

6. Hume asserts that "in the year 827 all the kingdoms of the Heptarchy were united in one great state, and the fortunate arms and prudent policy of Egbert at last effected what had been so often attempted in vain by so many princes." Criticize this statement.

7. Give some account of the reign of Edward the Elder.

8. What account does Hallam give of the division of England into counties, hundreds, and tythings

9. Mention the principal circumstances which contributed to enhance the power of the Crown during the first century after the Norman Conquest. 10. Give some account of the Magna Charta of William the Conqueror.

ENGLISH LITERATURE.

DR. INGRAM.

1. Mention the principal grammatical peculiarities in which AngloSaxon differed from what is now called English.

2. State the views of Mr. Price, Mr. Guest, and Mr. Craik, as to the causes and circumstances of the loss of the original inflexional system of the language.

3. Distinguish between the Latin of the first, second, third, and fourth periods; and give examples of each.

4. Write an Essay on the changes which have taken place in the meanings of English words.

5. Give as complete a list as you can of words which are spelled in a way different from that suggested by their etymologies.

6. Explain all the words in the following extracts, and comment on the grammatical forms which they contain :

:

a. He heng an his sweore anne sceld deore ;
His nome was on Bruttisc Pridwen ihaten :
Ther was innen igraven mid rede golde staven
An on-licnes deore of Drihtenes moder.

His spere he nom an honde, tha Ron wes ihaten.

Tha he hafden al his iweden tha leop he on his steden.

b. And the Normans ne couthe speke tho bote her owe speche, And speke French as dude atom, and here chyldren dude al so teche; So that heymen of thys lond, that of her blod come,

Holdeth alle thulke speche that hii of hem nome;

Vor bote a man couthe French me tolth of hym wel lute:

Ac lowe men holdeth to Englyss and to her kunde speche yute.

7. Give a literal rendering of the following passages into modern English:

a. Ful swetely herde he confession,
And plesant was his absolution.
He was an esy man to give penance,
Ther as he wiste to han a good pitance :
For unto a poure ordre for to give
Is signe that a man is wel yshrive.
For if he gave, he dorste make avant,
He wiste that a man was repentant.
For many a man so hard is of his herte,
He may not wepe although him sore smerte.
Therfore in stede of weping and praieres,
Men mote give silver to the poure freres.

CHAUCER.

b. And saide thus; Now, lordinges, trewely
Ye ben to me welcome right hertily:
For by my trouthe, if that I shal not lie,
I saw nat this yere swiche a compagnie
At ones in this herberwe, as is now.
Fayn wolde I do you mirthe, and I wiste how.
And of a mirthe I am right now bethought,
To don you ese, and it shall coste you nought.
Ye gon to Canterbury; God you spede,
The blisful martyr quite you your mede;
And wel I wot, as ye gon by the way,
Ye shapen you to talken and to play
For trewely comfort ne mirthe is non,
To riden by the way dombe as the ston:
And therfore wold I maken you disport,
As I said erst, and don you some comfort.
And if you liketh alle by on assent
Now for to stonden at my jugement:
And for to werchen as I shal you say
To-morwe, whan ye riden on the way,
Now by my faders soule that is ded,
But ye be mery, smiteth of my hed.
Hold up your hondes withouten more speche.
Our counseil was not longe for to seche:
Us thought it was not worth to make it wise,
And granted him withouten more avise,
And bad him say his verdit, as him leste.

Ibid.

SENIOR FRESHMEN.

Mathematics.

A.

MR. W. ROBERTS.

1. Find the sum of the fourth powers of the roots of the equation

3. Find the tangent of the sum of the angles made with the axis of x by the lines drawn from the centre of the circle

x2 + y2 - 2x-4y = 2

to the points where this circle is met by the right line

y=3x+1.

4. Find the equation of the pair of lines joining the origin with the points of intersection of the two circles

5. The co-ordinates x'y' of any point on an ellipse being given by the equations x = a cos p, y=b sin o, find the length of the perpendicular from the centre on the tangent at the point x'y' in terms of p.

8. Through a fixed point P is drawn a line LK, terminated by two given lines; find the locus of a point Q taken on the line so that PL = QK. 9. The harmonic mean between the segments of a focal chord is constant, and equal to the semiparameter ?

into partial fractions, the denominator being divisible by (x + 1).