In February, 1808, he preached in the College Chapel a sermon to show that 'Scriptural instruction should form a part of academic education. This was delivered for the purpose of encouraging the students to profit to the utmost by the Saturday lectures in the Scripture, which were then for the first time set on a public and permanent footing; and the establishment of which he had been mainly instrumental in producing."

In 1813 he was presented to the Deanery of Ardagh, and to the Regius Professorship of Divinity at Dublin. The former preferment was bestowed upon him by Mr., now Sir Robert Peel; and though it involved considerable sacrifices, he willingly made them, with a view to render the divinity chair more useful.

"Let me hope every thing is directed for the best, and that in this great change of my life I have followed the guidance of Providence, to make me serviceable to the interests of religion.""

In Nov. 1817, he was called upon to sustain a severe domestic affliction in the loss of a son highly gifted, and equally amiable. Most important is that part of the memoir which relates to the Dean's withdrawing from the Bible Society. We can, however, only refer to pp. cxxxviii. to exli.

We would also refer the reader to the Dissertation on Predestination, in which the Dean maintained, with all the gentleness of his nature, the doctrines of the Church of England. On this account he received insulting anonymous letters from students of the University, who oddly enough fancied themselves "evangelical," and the censure of Thomas Scott, who pronounced him "wholly ignorant of the essential principles of the Gospel." These are instances of the "odium theologicum," which, however, existed not in the breast of Dean Graves; the account of the circumstances under which the dissertation was published, will be found in the memoir, pp. cxlix. to clxiv. This work was the last effort of his pen. In 1827, he had the misfortune to lose his wife, after which he retired from the duties of his Professorship; but he had not yet exhausted the cup of affliction: a few months after he lost a beloved daughter-in-law. A few months after that his aged brother was removed, and again another blow fell upon him in the death of a much esteemed son-in-law. Most interesting is it to read how the good old man bore up meekly and resignedly under all these afflictions till his own death, which happened rather suddenly on the 29th of March, 1829. For upwards of a year before his death his health had been declining, and he had lost the use of one side by a paralytic stroke. He appears, however, to have retained his mental faculties perfect till the time of his last

seizure.

Thus have we given a sort of abstract of the life of a good and learned man; and have pointed out two or three portions of his history, to which we would gladly direct the attention of our readers. We think Dr. Graves has done a service to the Church by this elegant edition of his father's works; and happy will it be, if the sound judgment and true piety of the late Dean have their full effect upon his brethren in the ministry.

1. The Horce Pauline of William Paley, D.D. By James Tate, M.A. Canon Residentiary of St. Paul's. London: Longmans. 1840. 2. A Verbal Paraphrase of St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans, with brief Illustrations from Scripture and the Fathers. London: Burns.

1840.

3. Biblical Cabinet. Vol. 27. Edinburgh: Clarke. 1840.

THE great importance of St. Paul, both as a witness to and a preacher of the Gospel, invest everything with which he is concerned with a peculiar interest. The Hora Paulina of Paley proved the truth both of the Acts and of the Epistles by the continued undesigned coincidences which they display; but the chain of evidence was less strong than it might have been made on account of the order in which these Epistles were written not having then been satisfactorily ascertained. The links wanting have been admirably supplied by Mr. Tate in the first volume now before us: a volume which all who desire thoroughly to understand the apostolic history will do well to peruse with attention. Perhaps the most able of Tholuck's works is that which he wrote on the same subject, and we are glad to see it so well translated, as it is in the third volume on our list; while Mr. Bosanquet has, with great learning and diligence, applied himself to a paraphrase of what is, confessedly, the most difficult of the Apostle's writings. Mr. Bosanquet is a man of ability and great information; he is also an evangelical high churchman, and as such has he paraphrased the Epistle to the Romans.

A Review of Tradition as taught by the Writers of the Tracts for the Times. By the Rev. J. Jordan, B.A., Curate of Somerton, Oxon. London: Hamilton & Adams. 1840.

It is pretty well known that we are no advocates for the "Tracts for the Times." We have, however, expressed our opinion that very few of their opponents are qualified for the work which they have taken up. The book before us is one which, had the writer waited till he could have written himself M.A., would, perhaps, never have appeared-and the world would have been no loser.

Narrative of a Three Months March in India, and a Residence in the Dooab. By the Wife of an Officer, in the 16th Foot. London: Hastings. 1840.

How few are there to whom the name of India does not bring some interesting reminiscence. Even if we have never visited that world of wonders, if we have no dear friend or near relative, who is, or has been, resident there, still does the very name bring to our minds wild legends of adventure, tales of tropical wonders, and deeds now monstrous and now heroic.

The little volume before us is of a remarkably pleasing character. The authoress saw more of Indian society, and under more favourable circumstances for observation, than the generality of those who have written thereupon, and the style reminds us not unfrequently of the late Miss Emma Roberts.

We hardly know any more vivid descriptions of Calcutta manners than those given us by this lady; and we would willingly make copious extracts; we can, however, venture only upon one or two. Calcutta Equippages.

"The Course, which is the Mall of the capital of Bengal, is filled with carriages and equestrians for two or three hours after sunset, and is graced by a tolerable sprinkle before his rise; but the European residents in Balcutter are apparently not so attached to early rising as those of drier districts: and I have heard many of the former remark that the morning air in Calcutta is too humid at most seasons of the year to be beneficial. In the evenings, however, every one turns out; but what a dreary business it is, few can conceive. Speaking from recollection, I should think that the Course is about a mile in length; but there is likewise a pretty drive near the glacis, and towards Chowringhee, the principal abode of the English gentry. For the space of perhaps a quarter of an hour, there is light sufficient to discern the faces of your acquaintances; but beyond that time all is obscurity, and you may pass your nearest relative unrecognized. In fact, during by far the greatest part of the year, the society of Calcutta literally drive out after nightfall, meeting the air (if there be a zephyr) at a moderate pace: but on the return, flying before it as rapidly as their horses and the crowd of carriages will allow." An Indian dinner:

"On entering the dining-room, one is struck with the load of viands which crowd the table, over which a huge punkah noiselessly waves to and fro. Until the family approach, its motion is scarcely perceptible; but no sooner is any one within its influence, than it is pulled in a more energetic manner; and an immense relief is felt after the fatigue of walking from another apartment, and being for a few moments without this important requisite. Behind each chair, stands a whiskered, moustached, and turbaned domestic, with his arms closely folded across his bosom, or opened only to adjust the chair most con

veniently as his master or mistress becomes seated, and to arrange a napkin, which he then places in the hands or upon the knee. A footstool is before each chair, and is an indispensable comfort to the AngloIndian.

"The lamp or candle shades upon the table are all provided with perforated covers, to protect them from the effect of the punkah; and over each wine-glass or tumbler (of which there are generally several to each person) are silver covers, as a precaution against flies and insects. I have seen a table covered with little brown grasshoppers, or perhaps with what more closely resembles crickets, to such an extent, that, being unaccustomed to the sight, it was difficult to touch any thing, as the plate was immediately invaded by them, and their motions were far too quick to be calculated upon. Occasionally, the fire-fly will cause some alarm to the stranger, when its bright glow is discovered amidst the folds of a delicate white muslin garment; but at the season when the white ants take wing, and are attracted by the lights, nothing can be more annoying than their intrusion. The flying bugs, too, are objects of abhorrence, both within doors and in the open air: their odour is most noxious; and if accidentally crushed in a handkerchief, or any article of dress, the scent can scarcely be got rid of. In driving, they are very apt to settle in the hair; than which few things can be more intolerable.'

After this, we shall no longer envy the dwellers in tropical climates, their dearly-bought luxuries. Mrs. Ashmore tells an amusing story of the first importation of ice into Calcutta, which reminds us not a little of the incredulity with which the existence of such a substance was first heard by an oriental prince -and it also seems to illustrate the singular fact, that extreme and unexpected cold produces effects very like those of greater heat.

"We chanced to arrive in India almost simultaneously with one of the first importations of ice from America. It was most amusing to see the anxiety with which it was sought after. The deposits were only opened for a short time before sunrise, when crowds of coolies were in attendance to carry off the portions required by their employers these portions were immediately enveloped in thick blankets. and enclosed in baskets, which were carried off with all speed; but a very considerable quantity invariably dissolved before they could reach their respectives destinations.

:

"I watched two or three Ayahs crowding round a basket which had just arrived: they were all eager to touch the novelty; but immediately on feeling its extreme coldness, ran away exclaiming that it was "burra gurrum,"-very hot. A child, too, cried violently, and told his mamma that the English glass had burnt his fingers.'

Mrs. Ashmore gives us some instances of "Thuggee," before which atrocity burking become a small offence, and before

VOL. IX.-R

whose most eminent professors, Hare and Williams must "hide their diminished heads."

"At Cawnpore one day we saw a considerable bustle in a thoroughfare near the cantonment, when on inquiring the cause, we were informed that a wretch had been discovered who had tempted children into his den with the promise of sweetmeats, and who had already acknowledged the murder of seven or eight. The people in authority, and mere spectators, were running in crowds to behold this monster; hc, however, kept them at bay for a length of time, for, being armed with an axe, he was a dangerous opponent. His appearance was that of a Fakeer, and divested of clothing; his beard and matted hair alone covered his neck and shoulders. At length some people succeeded in getting upon his miserable hut, whence, by means of long spears and sharp instruments, they succeeded in forcing him, and he rushed out covered with blood, to be pinioned, and receive the reward of his crimes."

Thuggee is "a religion," a "denomination ;" and though we have heard of Chartists and Socialists exalting their horrible "isms" to the same level with those of Baptists and Independents, we never yet heard of Bishopism or Burkism as a form of religion. In conclusion, as we have ourselves been very much entertained, so we can cordially recommend the volume before us.

The Hebrew Grammar of Gesenius. Translated from the Eleventh German Edition. By T. I. Conant. London: Ward. 1840. THIS is a very useful book, and well printed; it deserves praise, too, for its correctness. Mr. Conant, who is the Professor of Hebrew in the Literary and Theological Institution at Hamilton, New York, and is justly considered one of the most eminent Hebraists in America, has added to the work of Gesenius a course of exercises, and a Hebrew chreestomathy. We have much pleasure in recommending the edition.

Emendations of the Authorized Version of the Old Testament. By Selig Newman. London: Wertheim. 1840.

THIS title must necessarily startle the reader; and, coming from a Jew, will hardly leave him in a state to judge fairly of the design. When, however, he comes to peruse the seventytwo pages, for that is all the extent of the publication, they affect no great doctrine, and certainly make clear many difficult passages. We purpose shortly to devote a paper to Old Testament criticism, and shall then return again to Mr. Newman's valuable work.