by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purposes for which the money is to be used, and the money so obtained shall be used for the purposes specified, and for no other.

Section V. 1,—The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual, company, corporation or association, and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in any company, association or corporation.

Section VI. 1,—The General Assembly shall not authorize any county, municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company, corporation or association or to appropriate money for, or to loan its credit to any corporation, company, association, institution or individual, except for purely charitable purposes. This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits; provided, that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capitol, and the State accepts such offer, the corporation may comply with such offer.

2, The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose, except for educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only; to build and repair the public buildings and bridges; to maintain and support prisoners; to pay jurors and coroners, and for litigation, quarantine, roads and expenses of Courts; to support paupers and to pay debts heretofore existing.

Section VII. 1,—The debt hereafter incurred by any county, municipal corporation or political division of this State, except as in this constitution provided for, shall never exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein; and no such county, municipality or division shall incur any new debt, except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual deficiencies of revenue, not to exceed one fifth of one per centum of the assessed value of taxable property therein, without the assent of two thirds of the qualified voters thereof, at an election for that purpose, to be held as may be prescribed by law; but any city, the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this constitution, may be authorized by law to increase, at any time, the amount of said debt, three per centum upon such assessed valuation.

2,—Any county, municipal corporation or political division of

this State, which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this constitution, shall, at or before the time of so doing, provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebted

ness.

Section VIII. 1,—The State shall not assume the debt, nor any part thereof, of any county, municipal corporation, or political division of the State, unless such debt shall be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion, suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war.

Section IX. 1,—The receiving directly, or indirectly, by any officer of the State or county, or member or officer of the General Assembly, of any interests, profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of the public funds in his hands, or moneys to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes, shall be deemed a felony, and punishable as prescribed by law, a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office. Section X. 1,—Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provision therefor shall have been made by the municipal government.

Section XI. 1,—The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money, either directly or indirectly, to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds, or other obligations, which have been pronounced illegal, null and void by the General Assembly, and the constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May, 1877; nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created by the State under laws passed during the late war between the States, nor any of the bonds, notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war, the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States; nor shall the General Assembly pass any law, or the Governor, or other State official enter into any contract or agreement, whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any Court of this State, or of the United States, instituted to test the validity. of any such bonds or obligations.

Section XII. 1,—The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased, except to repel invasion, suppress insurrection, or defend the State in time of war.

Section XIII. 1,—The proceeds of the sale of the Western and

Atlantic, Macon and Brunswick, or other railroads held by the State, and any other property owned by the State, whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof, shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State, and shall not be used for any other purpose whatever, so long as the State has any existing bonded debt; provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged, in preference to all other bonds.

Section XIV. 1,—The General Assembly shall raise, by taxation, each year, in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt, the sum of one hundred thousand dollars, which shall be held as a sinking fund, to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not yet matured, and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever. If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par, then the sinking fund, herein provided for, may be loaned by the Governor and Treasurer of the State; provided, the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State; but this section shall not take effect until the eight per cent, currency bonds, issued under the act of February the 19th, 1873, shall have been paid.

Section XV. 1,—The Comptroller-General and Treasurer shall each make to the Governor a quarterly report of the financial condition of the State, which report shall include a statement of the assets, liabilities and income of the State, and expenditures therefor, for three months preceding; and it shall be the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himself, or through competent persons connected with his department, and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the information of the people, which abstract shall be endorsed by him as having been exexamined.

Section XVI. 1,—The General Assembly shall not, by vote, resolution or order, grant any donation, or gratuity, in favor of any person, corporation or association.

2,—The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer, agent or contractor, after the service has been rendered, or the contract entered into.

Section XVII. 1,—The office of the State Printer shall cease with the expiration of the term of the present incumbent, and the General Assembly shall provide, by law, for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder, or bidders, who shall

give adequate and satisfactory security for the faithful performance thereof. No member of the General Assembly, or other public officer, shall be interested, either directly or indirectly, in any such contract.

ARTICLE VIII.

Section I. 1,—There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children in the elementary branches of an English education only, as nearly uniform as practicable, the expenses of which shall be provided for by taxation. or otherwise. The schools shall be free to all children of the State, but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races.

Section II. 1,—There shall be a State School Commissioner elected by the people at the same time and manner as the Governor and State house officials are elected, whose term of office shall be two years, and until his successor is elected and qualified. His office shall be at the seat of the Government, and he shall be paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars ($2,000) per annum. The General Assembly may substitute for the State School Commissioner such officer or officers as may be deemed necessary to perfect the system of public education.

(Act approved December 18, 1894.)

Section III. 1,—The poll tax, any educational fund now belonging to the State (except the endowment of, and debt due to, the University of Georgia), a special tax on shows and exhibitions, and of the sale of spirituous and malt liquors, which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess, and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service, and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as, from their nature and habits, are destructive to other property, are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools.

Section IV. 1,—Authority may be granted to counties, upon the recommendation of two grand juries, and to municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority, to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits, by local taxation; but no such local laws shall take effect until the same shall have been submitted to a vote of the qualified voters in each county or municipal corporation, and approved by a two-thirds vote of the persons qualified to vote at such election; and the General Assembly may prescribe who shall vote on such question.

Section V. 1,—Existing local school systems shall not be affected by this constitution. Nothing contained in section first of this article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State, not common schools, from participation in the educational fund of the State, as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English education.

Section VI. 1,—The Trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests, donations and grants of land, or other property, for the use of said University. In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University, the General Assembly may, from time to time, make such donations thereto as the condition of the treasury will authorize. And the General Assembly may also, from time to time, make such appropriations of money as the condition of the treasury will authorize to any college or university (not exceeding one in number) now established, or hereafter to be established in this State for the education of persons of color.

ARTICLE IX.

Section I. 1,—There shall be exempt from levy and sale, by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State, except as hereinafter excepted, of the property of every head of a family, or guardian, or trustee of a family of minor children, or every aged or infirm person, or persons having the care and support of dependent females of any age, who is not the head of a family, realty or personalty, or both, to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars.

Section II. 1,—No Court or ministerial officer in this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment, execution or decree against the property set apart for such purpose, including such improvements as may be made thereon from time to time, except for taxes, for the purchase money of the same, for labor done thereon, for material furnished therefor, or for the removal of incumbrances thereon.

Section III. 1, The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in this article, except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture, and provisions to be selected by himself and wife if any, and he shall not after it is set apart, alienate or encumber the property so exempted, but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife, if any, jointly, with the sanction of the Judge of the Su