the French word Gardez for the Motto ; though I think they had better have kept the Cave (as I have observed), and hanged the Grey-hound; though perhaps it was conceived at the time the Adsum was dropped, that Ca-vè, in the Latin, might be confounded with the English, Cave; and that it would have appeared as if they had taken the name for the Motto, without another Latin word to denote that language; and therefore might take Gardez, which shews itself to be French.

Mr. Agarde's own Motto is much more apposite to his name; which, he tells us at the end of his Memoir, was, Dieu me Garde; but at the same time this would have admitted of improvement; for the French verb Garder was originally Agarder, which, had he known it, would have enabled him to have made the pun complete-Dieu m'Agarde.

Before I quit the subject in general, I cannot help mentioning a bon mot of a friend of mine (and he has so much wit that I shall not rob him in the least by the repetition), on his visiting Chatsworth, to see the house. The

Motto of the noble owner is, as your Lordship well knows, Cavendo Tutus, to which the Family has happily adhered in their Political concerns. The state rooms in that house are floored with old oak, waxed, and very slippery, in consequence of which my friend had very near fallen down; when, recovering his equilibrium, he observed, "that he rather supposed the Motto related to the floors than the name."

But it is time to lead to the matter I proposed, viz. the SCOTTISH MOTTOES; and yet, before I proceed to them, I wish to premise something on the grounds of a few of the ARMORIAL BEARINGS among the most ancient Scottish Families, which have originated from History.

The principal Family of the name of

DOUGLAS

carries A Man's Heart Gules," as a fixed principal Charge, because the Good Sir James Douglas, as he is styled, carried the Heart of

The ori“Azure,

King Robert I. (of the name of Bruce) to Jerusalem, and there interred it*. ginal Coat Armour of Douglas was, in chief Three Stars Argent +." The Heart is now imperially crowned; but that is a later introduction ‡, not borne at least by those who merely quartered the Arms.

CAMPBELL,

Duke of Argyle, Marquis of Lorn, &c. bears in the Second and Third Quarters (for the Lordship of Lorn) a Feudal Charge of “Or, a Limphad (or small Ship) Sable, with Flames of Fire issuing out of the Top of the Mast, and from the Fore and Hindermost Parts of the Ship :" which Fire, says my Author, was called in old blazonry St. Anthony's Fire. The reason is, that, as the Territory lay upon the Coast, this Bearing was indicative of the Tenure by which the Lands were held in capite; viz. by supplying a Ship with twenty Oars in time of War, if

*Nisbet's Cadencies, p. 178.

+ Idem, p. 208.

Nisbet, Armories, p. 199.

for the

pro

required. The Reddendum runs, vision of "Unam navem viginti Remorum, si petatur, tempore Belli, &c." *

By Marriage, this Lordship, after many generations, came into the Family of Campbell, then Earl of Argyle; but, in process of time, the Flames issuing from the Ship have been extinguished.

This was not an uncommon Armorial Appendage to other Feudal Lords, and Lordships similarly situated.

Thus the Arms of the Isle of Arran are, "Argent, a Ship, with its Sails furled, Sable."

The Earls of Orkney and Caithness have the Bearing of a Ship for the like reason; being Lordships, or Feudal Earldoms, situate on the Coast; but with Differences.

The Earl of Orkney (and from thence the Earl of Caithness) bears a Ship of a more modern form, with three Masts; but it has the honour of being within a double Tressure, counter-fleured, to shew its connexion with Royalty.

*Nisbet, Armories, p. 203.

DRUMMOND

carries, " Or, Three Bars wavy Gules." This simple Bearing, we are told, involves a Piece of History; for that an Hungarian Gentleman, of the name of Maurice, in the Reign of Malcolm III. had the command of a Ship in which Edgar Atheline, his Mother Agatha, and his Sisters Margaret and Christian, were embarked, in their return from England to Hungary. A Storm arose, and drove them on the Coast of Scotland, where they were landed in the Frith of Forth, and entertained by the King, who afterwards married Margaret. This Maurice so ingratiated himself with King Malcolm, that he was solicited by the King to settle in Scotland, which he did, and had grants of many Lands; and particularly those at Drymen or Drummond, of which last he took the name. Drummond, as we must now call him, was afterwards appointed Seneschal of Lenox; and the King assigned him the above Arms, alluding to his original Profession of a Naval Officer, and in memory of his having conducted the