A Brief History of Science: As Seen Through the Development of Scientific InstrumentsConstable, 2001 - 425 من الصفحات From the beginnings of history, with gnomons and sundials, through to the twenty-first century and the 26-kilometre underground particle accelerator, the author describes the way that the design and production of scientific instruments has extended the frontiers of science. Man's desire to understand the universe has led to the making of more and more sophisticated instruments - first to record and measure (Arab numerals, standardised measures), to examine ever more minutely (the microscope, the lens, the prism), on through electromagnets, cathode tubes, thermometers, vacuum pumps, X-rays, counters and accelerators, semi-conductors and microprocessors, down to new instruments now being designed to observe matter at zero temperatures - presenting immense technological problems in the requirement for instruments that can operate in conditions where normal properties no longer hold. Accessible popular science |
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... chemistry as we know it . Before looking at this new world , two points are worth making about chemistry , or alchemy , at any stage of history . The first is that the phenomena that are their concern are pre - eminently earth- bound ...
... chemistry , according to one of the pioneers in the field , Friedrich Wöhler ( 1800-82 ) , was ' like a dark forest with few or no path- ways'.71 In 1828 he showed that urea extracted from a dog's urine was identical to ammonium cyanate ...
... chemistry ... three - fourths of modern organic chemistry is , directly or indirectly , the product of his theory . Organic chemistry , as practised in the nineteenth century , took little account of the fact that the whole chemistry of ...
المحتوى
From the mastery of fire to science in antiquity | 1 |
Copernicus to Newton | 35 |
Science technology and communication | 77 |
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