A Brief History of Science: As Seen Through the Development of Scientific InstrumentsConstable, 2001 - 425 من الصفحات From the beginnings of history, with gnomons and sundials, through to the twenty-first century and the 26-kilometre underground particle accelerator, the author describes the way that the design and production of scientific instruments has extended the frontiers of science. Man's desire to understand the universe has led to the making of more and more sophisticated instruments - first to record and measure (Arab numerals, standardised measures), to examine ever more minutely (the microscope, the lens, the prism), on through electromagnets, cathode tubes, thermometers, vacuum pumps, X-rays, counters and accelerators, semi-conductors and microprocessors, down to new instruments now being designed to observe matter at zero temperatures - presenting immense technological problems in the requirement for instruments that can operate in conditions where normal properties no longer hold. Accessible popular science |
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... light , he worked out a corpuscular theory , according to which light must consist of a stream of infinitesimal particles , whose velocity would depend on the medium through which they travelled . Now although both Galileo and Descartes ...
... light incident upon it . The result is a photographic negative : the bright parts of the image became dark , and the dark parts , bright . The problem , still familiar to amateur photographers , is to stop the process and fix the image ...
... light sources , besides the sun , had distinctive lines . The Norwegian Anders Ångström ( 1814-74 ) discovered that a spark between two metal electrodes contained the spectral lines of both the metal and the gas medium , which , in ...
المحتوى
From the mastery of fire to science in antiquity | 1 |
Copernicus to Newton | 35 |
Science technology and communication | 77 |
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