What two words can you

What is the subject of the first sentence? leave out of the subject without destroying the sentence? What is the office of the words on the table?

What is the subject of the second sentence? What two words can you leave out of that subject without destroying the sentence?

A combination of words performing a distinct office in a sentence, but not having a subject and a predicate, is called a phrase.

Name the phrases in the foregoing sentences, and tell the office of each.

1. The chair in the corner is broken.

What chair is broken? What does the phrase in the corner modify? Read the phrase in the last sentence? What is its office?

A phrase that performs the office of an adjective is called an adjective phrase.

Read the phrase in each sentence, and tell what it does.

A phrase that performs the office of an adverb is called an adverbial phrase.

WRITTEN EXERCISES.

I.

Write five sentences, each containing an adjective phrase.

Example. The water of our best springs is impure.

II.

Write five sentences, each containing an adverbial phrase.
Example. The sun was shining on the mountains.

Is this a time to be cloudy and sad,

When our mother Nature laughs around;

When even the deep blue heavens look glad,

And gladness breathes from the blossoming ground?

II.

There are notes of joy from the hang-bird and wren,
And the gossip of swallows through all the sky;
The ground-squirrel gayly chirps by his den,
And the wilding bee hums merrily by.

III.

The clouds are at play in the azure space,

And their shadows at play on the bright green vale,

And here they stretch to the frolic chase,

And there they roll on the easy gale.

IV.

There's a dance of leaves in that aspen bower,

There's a titter of winds in that beechen tree,

There's a smile on the fruit, and a smile on the flower,
And a laugh from the brook that runs to the sea.

V.

And look at the broad-faced sun, how he smiles
On the dewy earth that smiles in his ray,
On the leaping waters and gay young isles;
Ay, look, and he'll smile thy gloom away.

WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT.

Read the first stanza. line of the question. How many reasons are given in this stanza for not being cloudy and sad? State each. What is meant by our mother Nature? Why is she said to be laughing?

What does this stanza do? Read the first

Read the second stanza. What does the first line tell? What is a hang-bird? What kind of nest does it build? What is the second line about? What are the swallows doing? What does the squirrel do? How does he chirp? Where does he chirp? What is the fourth line about? What is the meaning of wilding? What is the use of merrily ? Read the third stanza. What is the first line about? Name the phrases in this line and tell the use of each. What is meant by the azure space? What does their refer to in the second line? What were the shadows doing? Does the third line refer to the shadows or to the clouds? What does the fourth line refer to?

Read the fourth stanza. are said to express pleasure? actions are ascribed to them.

Read the last stanza.

How many different things in this stanza
Name the different things and tell what

What is the reader directed to look at? What

is the sun said to be doing? What word indicates the happiness of the earth? Of the waters? Of the isles? Why is the reader told to look at the sun?

WRITTEN EXERCISES.

Write in two columns all the phrases found in this poem. 2. Copy the poem, and commit it to memory.

LESSON LXXXIII.

COMPOSITION.

Write about Thanksgiving Day. Tell

I. Its origin.

2. How the day was observed by the early New England settlers.

3. Who appoints our Thanksgiving Day.

4. How the day is observed.

5. What benefits are derived from its observance.

LESSON LXXXIV.

CLAUSES.

1. You cannot see the mountain, unless the day is clear.

2. I will buy the book, if you will read it.

3. The prisoner bowed his head, when he heard the

sentence.

How many assertions do you see in each of the foregoing sentences? Name the subject and the predicate in each assertion.

A part of a sentence that contains a subject and a predicate is called a clause.

Which of the foregoing clauses express complete thoughts? Which depend upon the other part of the sentence for their full meaning?

A clause that expresses a complete thought is called an independent clause.

A clause that depends upon some other part of the sentence for its full meaning is called a dependent clause.

Read the independent clause in each sentence above. Read the dependent clause in each sentence, and tell what word joins it to the independent clause.

A sentence containing a dependent clause is called a complex