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LESSON LXXXV.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS.

1. Here is the man who delivered the message.

2. The children that passed us will join the party.

3. It was a large brick house, which stood near the church.

Read the clause in the first sentence. What word connects this clause with the word man? To what does who refer?

What word is

Read the dependent clause in the second sentence. limited in meaning by this clause? To what does that refer?

Read the dependent clause in the third sentence, and name the subject of the clause. To what does which refer?

A word that refers to a preceding noun or pronoun and connects it with a clause is called a relative pronoun.

The word to which the relative pronoun refers or relates is called its antecedent.

The relative pronouns are who, which, and that.

Who should be used in speaking of persons.

Which may be used in speaking of inferior animals or of things.
That may be used in speaking of persons, animals, or things.

WRITTEN EXERCISES.

I.

Copy the following sentences, underline the clauses, and draw two lines under the antecedents of the relative pronouns :

I. General Greene, who commanded the troops, was wounded. 2. This book, which was sold by subscription, is now out of print.

3. The Chairman introduced the speaker, who was warmly welcomed.

4. The insects were placed in a drawer which was lined with sheet cork.

5. Hail to the chief who in triumph advances.

6. Oh! a dainty plant is the ivy green

That creepeth o'er ruins old!

7. Do the duty that lies nearest thee.

II.

Write sentences containing the following:-
I. Who referring to a person.

2. Which referring to an animal.

3. Which referring to a thing without life.
4. That referring to a person.

5. That referring to an animal.

6. That referring to a thing.

LESSON LXXXVI.

FORMS OF WHO.

1. We met the captain, who received us kindly.
2. This is the boy whose name was called.
3. Here is a lady whom you know.

Read the relative clause in the first sentence. the verb received? What does who stand for?

What is the subject of

What is the use of the clause in the second sentence? To what does whose refer?

Read the clause in the third sentence. What is the subject of know? What is its object? In these sentences what relative pronoun is used as the subject of a verb? What one as the object of a verb? What word is used to denote possession?

The pronoun who has three forms:

who,

whose,

Who is used as the subject of a verb.

Whose is used to denote possession.

whom.

Whom is used as the object of a verb or of a preposition.

Name the relative pronouns in the following sentences, and tell how they are used:

1. One passenger, who ran in the wrong direction, was injured.

2. The most attractive feature of this city is the river to which it owes its name.

3. The handsome buildings that greet one at every turn indicate wealth and prosperity.

4. They entered the library, which was a large room.

5. She looked longingly at the book which the boy held.

6. He is a man that all desire to honor.

WRITTEN EXERCISES.

Write sentences containing the following words used as relative pronouns :

1. Who with the antecedent boy.

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LESSON LXXXVII.

INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS.

1. Who rang the bell?
2. Which do you prefer?
3. What did you find?

What does each of these sentences do? Which words in the sentences are used to ask questions?

When who, which, and what are used to ask questions, they are called interrogative pronouns.

Who refers to persons. It has three forms; as,

I. Who lives in this house?

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2. Which of the books did you choose?

What refers to things; as,

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4. Whom used as the object of a preposition.
5. Which referring to a person.

6. Which referring to a thing.

7. What used as the subject of a verb.

8. What used as the object of a verb.

II.

Copy the following sentences, filling the blanks with who, whose, or whom :

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honest, boldest,

PRONOUNCING EXERCISE.

[Do not sound el and et in these words like il and it.]

bushel,

yet,

get,
market,

racket,

rocket.

[Do not sound est and ent in these words like ist or unt.]

largest,

smallest,

moment,

government,

superintendent, garment.

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