each class and illustrate by example. With what kind of letter should a proper noun begin? Tell what is named by each italicized word in these sentences: 1. The army.crossed the river. 2. The committee could not agree. 3. One swarm left the hive. A noun that names a collection of persons or things is called a collective noun. Sometimes we think of a quality or condition of a thing, apart from the thing itself; as, 1. The brightness of the sun. 3. The illness of the child. 4. The truth of the statement. A noun that names a quality or condition of a thing is called an abstract noun. A single letter or a combination of words may be used as a noun; thus, 1. Give a the long sound. 2. Have you read the Lady of the Lake? EXERCISE I. Mention the nouns in these sentences, tell what each names, and what kind of noun it is : I. The robin and the wren are flown. 2. On Thursday, the second of July, he again entered the city. 3. Listen, my children, and you shall hear Of the midnight ride of Paul Revere. 4. It must have required more courage to sign the Declaration of Independence than to fight the enemy in battle. 5. The English army landed on an island, a few miles below Quebec. 6. They put entire confidence in his courage, wisdom, and integrity. 7. The congregation joined heartily in the singing. 8. He had not where to lay his head. 9. He giveth His beloved sleep. 10. Ring out the old, ring in the new. II. But on the hill the golden-rod, and the aster in the wood, And the yellow sun-flower by the brook in autumn beauty stood. 12. Heart, lungs, and brain play on through all the thousand nights of sleep. 13. 'Tis the middle of night by the castle clock. 14. Industry, honesty, and temperance are essential to happiness. A noun made up of two or more words put together is called a compound noun; as, steamboat, son-in-law. When a compound word is made up of two simple words accented as a single word, it is usually written without the hyphen; as, railroad, sunlight, bedroom. Compound words like the following are usually written with the hyphen vice-president, step-mother, dining-room, canal-boat. EXERCISE II. Tell what each word is composed of, and how the principal word is Write sentences using the following words as the subjects of omit the hyphen, as in the examples given: LESSON III. NUMBER FORMS OF NOUNS. (Review Lesson XLI.) I. How many forms have nouns to express number? What are they called? State six different ways of forming the plural of nouns, and illustrate by examples.* Mention three nouns that have the same form in both numbers. II. Make a list of the nouns below whose plurals are formed by adding s, and a second list of those whose plurals are formed by adding es. Learn these forms: Some compound nouns form the plural like single words; as, spoonfuls, maid-servants. *See Lesson XLV. Some compounds make the principal word plural; as, sisters-in-law. A few compounds change both words; as, men-servants. When a title is prefixed to a proper name, the compound may be made plural by changing either the title or the name; thus, The Misses Green, or the Miss Greens. The title is made plural when it is used with two or more names; thus, Messrs. Strong and Wise. Some nouns have no singular; as, scissors, ashes. Letters and figures add 's to form the plural; as, Your a's look like o's. Extend the 7's and 9's below the line. WRITTEN EXERCISES. I. Write sentences containing the plurals of the following nouns: Write sentences containing the plural forms of the following: * Many proper names do not follow the rule, but simply add s; as, Henrys, Stacys |