LESSON XII.

REVIEW OF VERBS.

(Review Lessons XVIII.-XXII.)

When in

What is a verb? When is a verb said to be transitive? transitive? What two forms may a transitive verb have? When is it called active? When passive? Illustrate the two forms by examples.

1.- TRANSITIVE VERBS.

Point out each transitive verb in the following sentences, tell whether it is in the active form or the passive form, name its subject, and give its object if it is in the active form, and mention the corresponding active form if it is in the passive form :

I. I met a little cottage girl.

2. He purchased an estate in this neighborhood.

3. We were directed to the nearest hotel.

4. The letter was read by the secretary.

5. The Colonel demanded a surrender of the fort.

6. A Thanksgiving proclamation was issued by the Gov

ernor.

7.

Last night, the moon had a golden ring,
And to-night no moon we see.

8. Public measures were discussed by eminent men.
9. Washington was appointed chairman of the committee.
10. Truth seeks open dealing.

II. INTRANSITIVE VERBS.

Some intransitive verbs have a complete meaning in themselves; as,The sun shines.

Other intransitive verbs must be followed by some other word or words to complete their meanings; as,—

Point out the intransitive verbs, name the subject of each, and tell what completes the meanings of the incomplete verbs: —

I.

The rainbow comes and goes,

And lovely is the rose.

2. He was a man of irritable temper.

3. The snow froze as it fell.

5.

The way was long, the wind was cold,

The minstrel was infirm and old.

6. This boy is an excellent speller.

7. A vehicle laid up without use rusts and moulders.

8. He was a most diligent student of the Bible.

9. All the real pleasures and conveniences of life lie in a narrow compass.

Write sentences containing the following words used as the objects of verbs:

Write sentences, using the following words to complete predi

Verbs may assert actions in different ways; thus, –

1. He reads intelligently. (A direct assertion.)

2. If you read the book, you will understand the subject. (A conditional assertion.)

3. Read with care. (A command.)

The manner of asserting is called the mode of a verb.

When a verb simply states a fact or asks a question, it is said to be

in the indicative mode; as,

He is at home.

When a verb expresses a command or an entreaty, it is said to be in the imperative mode; as,

I. Furl the sail.

2. Deliver us from evil.

When a verb expresses something as conditional or doubtful, it is said to be in the subjunctive mode; as,

1. If he be at home, he will receive you. (Doubt.) 2. If he were here, he would explain the matter. (Denial.) 3. Though the bill pass, the law will not be enforced. (Doubt.)

In the subjunctive mode, be is used with all subjects in the present tense, and were with all subjects in the past tense; thus,

The simple form of other verbs is used in the second and third persons singular, when the verb is in the present tense; thus,

The subjunctive form is now seldom used, except in the verb be.

Mention the verbs in the following sentences; tell which simply state facts, which express commands or entreaties, and which express conditional or doubtful assertions :

1. The captain arrived at two o'clock.

2. The spring comes slowly up this way.

3. Live in the present.

4. If this report be true, the committee will be surprised.

5. O that the day were done!

6. Had he been there, we should have seen him.

7. To thine own self be true.

8. Where the treasure is, there will the heart be also.

9. What is your objection?

10. If thou be a king, where is thy crown?

II. Will it never be day?

12. Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him.

Write sentences, using the following verbs to express conditional or doubtful assertions:

be,

were,

hear,

see,

speak.