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Irishman who, when explaining what socialism was to another of like faith and order:

Mike: Pat, are you in favor of socialism?

Pat: I' faith, what is socialism?

"Well," says Mike, "if you have two farms, and I have none, then you give me one of your farms.”

Pat replied, "And shure I would, Mike, and if that is socialism, I'm in favor of it."

"Then," says Mike, "If you have two horses and I have none, you give me one?”

"Faith, Mike," says Pat, "if I had two horses I would give you one."

"And Pat, if you have two goats and I have none, you give me one, says Pat.

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"Now, see here, Mike," says Pat, "you're pushing this thing too far. I've got the goats, and I'll do no sich a thing."

If Congress will keep the scale high enough to exempt the members of this Association, as no doubt it will, I am sure that the income tax will find high favor with us.

The other amendment to the Constitution, the Seventeenth, provides for the direct election of senators of the United States by the people of the State, the qualifications of the electors being those requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures. That amendment is as follows:

"The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislatures."

"When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies, provided that the Legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the Legislature may direct.'

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From 1826 there have been from time to time agitations more or less for the direct election of senators by the people

rather than by the legislatures of the several States. The history of the Constitution Convention of 1787 discloses the fact that with the single exception of James Wilson of Pennsylvania, not one of the great men of that convention advocated election of United States senators by the people of the several States. It was thought that the Senate should be chosen by a refining process and that the members of the State legislatures would be better fitted to pass upon the qualifications of one to represent the State in the United States Senate than the people themselves, and it is but recently that any considerable portion of the people of the several States have held a different view. In May, 1912, this amendment, having secured the necessary vote in both houses of Congress, was transmitted to the several States for their action. By the 3d of February, 1913, three-fourths of the States had ratified the proposed amendment and it has become now a part of the fundamental law of the nation. Thus, in nine months an amendment to the Constitution of the United States was made and that by the consent of the legislatures of more than three-fourths of the States of the Union, which by their act of ratifying this amendment to the Constitution took away from themselves a power heretofore highly prized, and if some charges are to be believed, in some few instances of pecuniary benefit.

It is unnecessary in this distinguished presence to refer to the cause which led up to the adoption of this amendment. It has the hearty approval of the great majority of the people of the United States, who do not look upon its enactment as a lessening of the power of the States, or of their dignity under the Constitution, but who are persuaded that the people are better able to pass upon the qualifications of the senators to represent their States than the legislatures.

As to the effect of this amendment I can say that it will divorce State and National issues in the election of the members of the legislature who, in the future, must stand alone upon State issues, and not seek their election because the fortune of some candidates for the Senate, or of a political party, is bound with their own. In addition to this, it will prevent the deadlock in legislatures which in recent years have become more and more common. It will permit the members of the

legislature to devote their time to the general good of their several commonwealths, and let us hope that in the future there will be less of corruption and of intrigue in the selection of senators than there has been in the recent past.

These, gentlemen, are the noteworthy changes in the law, State and Federal, which I bring to your attention. I have already transgressed too long on your patience. I thank you for your attention.

APPENDIX TO ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT.

LIST OF ACTS OF LEGISLATURE OF TENNESSEE, 1913.
CHAPTER 1.

AN ACT to separate the offices of State Treasurer and Insurance Commissioner, and to create a separate Department of Insurance and provide for the appointment of an Insurance Commissioner, a Deputy Insurance Commissioner, and clerical assistants; to define their duties and to fix their compensation.

CHAPTER 2.

AN ACT to create the office of State Auditor; to define and prescribe the powers and duties thereof; and the repeal of all laws or parts of laws in conflict with this Act.

CHAPTER 3.

AN ACT to amend Section 4576 of the Code of Tennessee, 1858, increasing the compensation of County Surveyors of the several counties of the State of Tennessee.

CHAPTER 4.

AN ACT to be entitled "An Act to improve the public school system of the State by authorizing Boards of Education to consolidate schools, provide for the public transportation of pupils, and to employ supervisors."

CHAPTER 5.

AN ACT to amend Chapter 156, Acts 1901, entitled "An Act to prevent the spread of communicable diseases among domestic animals in the State of Tennessee, and to provide greater protection to the live-stock industry of the State, and to provide penalties for the violation of this Act; and to repeal Chapter 424 of the Acts of 1899, and to amend Chapter 46 of the Acts of 1897."

CHAPTER 6.

AN ACT to regulate the distribution, sale and use of virulent blood from cholera-infected hogs, or "virus," and to prescribe penalties for violation of same.

CHAPTER 7.

AN ACT to amend Chapter 142 of the Acts of the General Assembly of 1875, entitled "An Act to provide for the organization of corporations," so as to provide for the incorporation of levee associations for the purpose of gathering and disseminating, by the publication of a magazine, of pamphlets, or otherwise, information with reference to the protection of alluvial lands in this and other States from overflow, the revetment of caving banks, and generally for the purpose of informing the people and of creating and unifying levee sentiment and interest within and without the State.

CHAPTER 8.

AN ACT to provide for the indeterminate sentence of persons convicted of crime, and to authorize and regulate the paroling of prisoners so sentenced.

CHAPTER 9.

AN ACT to regulate and require the attendance of school children upon schools in the State of Tennessee, and to provide means for the enforcement of this Act.

CHAPTER 10.

AN ACT to be entitled "An Act to amend an Act passed April 9, 1907, and approved April 12, 1907, being Chapter 390 of the Acts of 1907 and entitled 'An Act to amend an Act to create a Railroad Commission in this State and define its duties and powers; to prohibit extortion, unjust discrimination, and undue and unreasonable preferences by railroad companies and other persons operating railroads in this State in their charges for transportation of freight and passengers; to secure just and reasonable rates and charges for all such services; and to impose penalties and provide adequate civil remedies for and punish violations of this Act, and to secure the due

execution and enforcement of its provisions and all lawful orders, rules, and regulations of the said Railroad Commission.'

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CHAPTER 11.

A BILL to be entitled An Act creating a State Department of Workshop and Factory Inspection; providing for the appointment of a Chief Inspector of Workshops and Factories and Deputy Inspectors; defining their powers, salaries, and expenses; providing for the division of the State into inspection districts; and providing for an appropriation to pay the salaries and expenses of the Chief Inspector of Workshops and Factories and his deputies.

CHAPTER 13.

AN ACT to be entitled An Act to create a Criminal and Law Court for the counties of Hancock, Claiborne, Campbell, Morgan, Scott and Anderson, to be known as the Criminal and and Law Court for the Second Judicial Circuit of Tennessee; and for the payment thereof; and to provide for the Judge of said Criminal and Law Court to hold the Circuit Court in the said counties until September 1, 1914; and to provide for the election of a Judge to hold said court at the general election to be held in August, 1914; and to fix his salary and provide to fix the time of holding the courts in said counties, and to provide for the appointment of a Judge to hold the courts in the counties of Hancock, Clairborne, Campbell, Scott, Morgan and Anderson;

to provide for the election of a Judge and an AttorneyGeneral for said Criminal and Law Court at the general election for Judges, Attorneys-General, and other officers in August, 1918; and to detach the counties of Hancock and Claiborne from the First Judicial Circuit, and to detach the counties of Campbell, Scott, Morgan and Anderson from the Second Judicial Circuit, to take effect September 1, 1918; but for the purpose of electing Judges and Attorneys-General in the First Judicial Circuit, the Second Judicial Circuit, and the Criminal and Law Court for the Second Judicial Circuit, to take effect at the general election in August, 1918; and to amend an Act entitled "An Act to divide the State of Tennessee into judicial circuits

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