PAGE

60. Terrific Scene at the Great Natural Bridge, Va... Elihu Burritt. 152

63. Golden Rules of David Copperfield

66. The Story of Parnell's Hermit...

...Charles Dickens. 158

Warton. 162

68. Passage of the Potomac through the Blue Ridge.. Thos. Jefferson. 165

70. Windows

71. Recreation..

75. Confessions of a Bashful Man......

.Henry Ward Beecher. 167

76. Confessions of a Bashful Man-concluded..

77. Contrasted Soliloquies

......

78. Contrasted Soliloquies-concluded..

80. The Journey of a Day-A Picture of Human Life... Dr. Johnson. 188

81. Indian Summer in New England..

84. Mount Vernon in 1759..

86. Agriculture.....

87. Agriculture-concluded

89. Memory and Hope.

91. North American Indians..

93. Rural Life in Sweden.

95. Children...

97. Judge not

98. Judge not-concluded

100. The True Dignity of Labor.

102. Escape from a Panther..

104. A Challenge to America.

105. War.......

106. Battle Fields, or Vultures' Shambles..

108. The Golden Age of New York..

109. Lilias Grieve....

110. Lilias Grieve-concluded..

THE KNIGHT, the Hermit, and the Man..

112. The Knight-Part First..

113. The Hermit-Part Second.

114. The Man-Part Third.....

.Joseph Story. 191

Washington Irving. 196

Edward Everett. 200

204

.James K. Paulding. 208

Sprague. 215

Henry W. Longfellow. 218

R. II. Dana. 224

227

230

William Howitt. 234

.J. Fenimore Cooper. 239

.Punch. 245

Robert Hall. 247

Dr. Johnson. 250

Washington Irving. 254

John Wilson. 258

262

T. S. Arthur.

267

269

271

115. No life pleasing to God that is not useful to Man.. Hawkesworth. 273

116. No life pleasing to God that is not useful to Man-concluded. 275

119. An Interview with a Malay

120. The Burdens of Mankind

121. The Burdens of Mankind-concluded

123. The Morning..

124. Flowers.

126. The Sense of Beauty.....

Thomas De Quincy. 283

Joseph Addison. 285

288

Daniel Webster. 293

.Henry Ward Beecher. 295

William E. Channing. 298

144. Feelings excited by a Long Voyage-concluded..

146. Crime its own Detecter..

151. The History of Prince Arthur..

153. The White Stone Canoe

155. Queen Isabella of Spain.

157. Character of Henry Clay.

159. The Wreck of the Arctic.

161. Sorrow for the Dead...

163. Promises of Religion to the Young

165. Death of Little Nell

170. Discovery of America

173. The Decay of Nature and of Man..

336

.Daniel Webster. 340

Charles Dickens. 352

.H. R. Schoolcraft. 358

William H. Prescott. 362

William H. Seward. 366

.Henry Ward Beecher. 371

Washington Irving. 374

..Archibald Alison. 377

.Charles Dickens. 380

. Edward Everett. 393

.Archibald Alison. 399

174. The Decay of Nature and of Man-concluded..

II. PIECES IN VERSE.

2. The Awakening Year

4. The Notes of the Birds.

401

8. The Boy

11. The Last Leaf

13. Life ..

14. The Two Boys.

15. We were Boys together..

19. Clear the Way..

22. Scenes of Childhood.

25. Our Native Ships

28. My Mother's Bible.

30. The Stormy Petrel

31. The Falcon

32. The Skylark..

36. The Son of Sorrow

.N. P. Willis.

.Oliver Wendell Holmes. 65

.Robert Southey. 68

.L. Elizabeth Maclean. 68

George P. Morris. 69
Charles Mackay. 76
Blackwood's Magazine. 83

.J. T. Fields. 87
George P. Morris. 93
.Park Benjamin. 97
.B. W. Procter. 98

..James Hogg. 100
From the Swedish. 109

38. The Old Arm-chair.

41. The Worth of Hours.

43. The Country Church.

45. Epitaph on a Candle

47. True Freedom, and How to Gain it..

54. Look Aloft

56. Love of Country and of Home..

58. Woodman, spare that Tree..

61. The Sailor's Song..

62. The Landsman's Song.

64. Cruelty to Animals

65. Sensibility.

67. To a Waterfowl

PAGN

.Eliza Cook. 112
.R. M. Milne. 117

T. Buchanan Read. 120
. Punch. 125

.....Charles Mackay. 128

..Jonathan Lawrence. 143

.James Montgomery. 146

George P. Morris. 149

B. W. Procter. 156

.B. W. Procter. 157

William Couper. 160

Hannah Moore. 161

William Cullen Bryant. 164

Thomas Moore. 166

.Henry Ware, Jr. 176

.Charles Mackay. 186

Thomas Hood. 193

T. Buchanan Read. 198

Willis Gaylord Clark. 207

Henry W. Longfellow. 212

.R. M. Carlton. 217

From the German of Rückert. 221

...Charles H. Lyon. 226

William D. Gallaher. 233

Osgood. 237

Thomas Hood. 244

.Charles Mackay. 252

..James Beattie. 266

.Mrs. Barbauld. 278

.Alexander Pope. 281

Henry W. Longfellow. 291

William Cullen Bryant. 297

145. Lines to a Child on his Voyage to France.

147. The Greek Emigrant's Song....

..Mrs. Norton. 300

Mrs. Norton. 307

.M. F. Tupper. 307

. Charles Sprague. 313

Mrs. Anne Hunter. 316

..Charles Sprague. 324

James Montgomery. 332

Christian Disciple. 338

James G. Percival. 342

73. The Study of History-concluded....
83. The Miser...

148. From the Tragedy of King John..

149. From the Tragedy of King John-continued.
150. From the Tragedy of King John-concluded....
168. A Sister Pleading for a Condemned Brother.

Miss Edgeworth. 100
Ruhnken. 170
173

Henry Fielding. 194
.Shakspeare. 344

346

350

.Shakspeare. 387

THE

NATIONAL FOURTH READER.

PART I.

ELOCUTION.

ELOCUTION is the delivery of extemporaneous or written
composition. Its more general divisions are ARTICULA-
TION, SYLLABICATION, ACCENT, EMPHASIS, INFLECTION, MOD-
ULATION, and PAUSES.

SECTION I-ARTICULATION.

DEFINITIONS.

1. ARTICULATION is the distinct utterance of the Oral

Elements, in syllables and words.

2. ORAL ELEMENTS are the sounds that, uttered sepa-

rately or in combination, form syllables and words.

3. ELEMENTS ARE PRODUCED by different positions of

the organs of speech, in connection with the voice and

the breath.

4. THE PRINCIPAL ORGANS OF SPEECH are the lips, teeth,

tongue, and palate.

5. VOICE IS PRODUCED by the action of the breath

the larynx.1

upon

6. ELEMENTS ARE DIVIDED into three classes: eighteen
Tonics, fifteen Subtonics, and ten Atonics.

7. TONICS are pure tones produced by the voice, with
but slight use of the organs of speech.

8. SUBTONICS are tones produced by the voice, modified
by the organs of speech.

'The larynx is the upper part of the trachea, or windpipe.