"I accompanied Dr. and Mrs. Bradley from their | which have afforded pleasures in their way, and which humble dwelling, where they leave all the little com- are foregone by many, only with a broken heart: the forts which circumstances allow, to the dispensary, a young, without the predilections of their fathers, are small floating house on the river. The voyage was pioneers in a new order of things; with yet no social made in a sanpan of the commonest kind, without relations established, without the proper checks and shelter from a blazing sun. balances to their new condition, they resort to untried expedients; and while it is gradually regulating itself, they meet with reverses, are cast down, and in their generation, only succeed by many trials and disappointments in preparing the way for those who come after them.

"We found nearly a hundred individuals crowded under the veranda, and many still in their boats, awaiting the Doctor's arrival. Among the number was a considerable proportion of talapoins* in their yellow robes, and I thought all manifested pleasure at our coming.

We have had an opportunity of seeing the mission.

"The males on the veranda were separated, but aary plan for christianizing heathen nations in operation, stranger would be unable to distinguish the sexes by their features, and, being aware of this, the Doctor very kindly said, "These are females, and those the males.' The front of the dispensary is divided into two apartments,-one occupied by Mrs. Bradley, who dispenses prescriptions to the women, and, where the treatment of the case is continuous, manages the detail, thus leaving Dr. Bradley more time to bestow on new, or more urgent cases. In every instance, the prescription is written on a slip of paper, upon the reverse of which is a text from scripture, in Siamese, and the patients have acquired the notion, that this is an important part of the treatment. Whether this plan of disseminating the scriptures be a feasible one, I question; seeming very much like exhibiting chippings from the sculptor's chisel, as a sample of a fine piece of statuary, or a brick as a specimen of architectural structure. Besides it may lead to the impression that these texts are spells essential to the cure of the disease." p. 311-312.

Instead of likening these texts to 'the chippings from the sculptor's chisel,' the Doctor would have been more happy in his simile, had he compared them to specimens from the quarry, which may induce some to examine it carefully with the hope of finding a treasure there.

This plan of distributing texts is a beautiful little artifice, which the missionary, in honest zeal for his cause, resorts to. With him, it is an object of primary importance to disseminate the scriptures; accordingly he cuts them up into texts, disguises them under the forms of tracts, stories, incidents of conversation, and like the lapidary with his jewels, presents them in every light and shade, hoping to attract attention to his pearls.

The missionary's cause is the cause of humanity; and he has to resort to many little expedients to advance it. It is a scheme for nothing short of revolutionizing more than half the earth, and of crowning all people with the blessings of civilization. Like all great revolutions in the condition of men, much human misery must necessarily be involved in it; and though the sufferers themselves may not enjoy the price of their misery, those who come after them, will say the price is well worth the cost.

Philanthropists are in favor of speedy civilization; and justly so. Yet, nevertheless, that generation through which a nation passes from a savage to a civilized state, must needs be a miserable generation. The old see the social system of their fathers broken up; they are called on to cast forth their penates, and to resist the force of confirmed habits and early education, all of Siamese priests of the Budha religion.

and of witnessing it in practical detail. We have compared the system of the American Board with the system of England. A residence of several weeks among the laborers of each, served only to confirm first impressions, and to satisfy us that the American works much better than the English plan. The difference in result is mainly attributable to the difference in the organization of the two corps, and the manner in which the plans are carried out; for, philologists have shown that the two people among whom our scene is laid, are descendants from the same race; and their condition in all respects, when the missionary first made his appearance among them, approached as nearly to one and the same, as the influence of climate, the difference of latitude, productions and resources of countries will allow. Although on opposite sides of the equator, there is a striking resemblance, indeed scarcely any obvious difference, to the casual observer, between the Society and Sandwich islander, either in manners, customs, features, or language.

The English have a missionary station at the Society Islands; the Americans at the Sandwich. When we were among them, the laborers in the first field had been there thirty-four years; in the second, nine years. The latter had been more profitably worked, and gave promise of the better harvest.

Our voyage lay from the Marquesas to the Society Islands, and thence to the Sandwich. In it we saw the savage in his rude state of nature, and in his transition thence to civilization. We had an opportunity of contrasting the social condition of man in his fig-leaf state, as at the Marquesas, with his condition in his chrysilis state towards civilization, as at the Society, and in his dawning life of civilized existence, as at the Sandwich Islands.

At the Marquesas Islands, the climate is a delightful one of perpetual summer; the soil and the sea, of their own accord, yield fruits in abundance; no labor is required of the hospitable native, but to pluck the ripe bread-fruit, cocoa-nuts, and plantains, almost his only food, from the trees. With his smiling face and cheerful countenance, he has but few necessities, and knows no want: happy in his ignorance, he fulfils the conditions of the familiar apothegm, 'Where ignorance is bliss, 'tis folly to be wise.' His island is the dreamer's Utopia, where nature is law, and law is love. And if human happiness be that ideal thing which philosophers have described it to be; and if we estimate the condition of the savage, not by our, but by his, standard of what constitutes true happiness, by far a greater portion of it falls to the lot of the unlettered and simplehearted Marquesan, than to the Society islander, who,

in his pilgrimage of thirty-four years towards civiliza- | this nerve; and being irritated and inflamed, its tention, has become familiar with the vices, but rude in-dency with all who have felt its influence, has been to deed in the virtues both of savage and civilized life. make enemies of those who should be friends of the We speak of the mass; of course there are individual mission.

exceptions.

In the march to civilization, made under the woolwhite flag of the missionaries, the islanders have learned duly to estimate the value of their property; and, consequently, under their improved system of barter and trade with foreigners, the latter are continually reminded by this delicate nerve, that the natives do understand the problem of “ quid pro quo" in its practi

We shall not pretend to discuss the policy of the course pursued in the missionary system at the Society Islands. We only speak of what our own observations and conclusions have presented to us, without intending to censure, or disparage. For certain it is, that the labors of the missionary at the Society Islands, have not been crowned with success, by any means commen-cal operation. surate with the fruits of similar labor at the American station, on the opposite side of the line.

We have heard such gravely urged among other reasons equally sound, as a cause why the foreign trader The thirty odd years of missionary labor at the So- should oppose the missionaries, and triumphantly adciety Islands, seem to have brought the natives, (we duced as an instance of the injury which these have been speak of the mass,) to that state in which they are to the Sandwich Islands. "The time was," said a respectneither able to supply the new wants, which the changeable ship-master, who had been trading there for more in their condition has made necessary to them, nor to than a quarter of a century; "the time was," said he substitute new sources of amusement and happiness to us, "in the days of old Tommy-hommy-haw, and before for those they have been taught to despise. Like mis-old Bingham, or any of his psalm-singing crew had ever chievous schoolboys, their principal study seems to be been here, when I could lay in a full supply of pigs and to cheat their teachers. poultry for an old coat, and with a bit of red flannel, or a string of beads, buy vegitation enough to last a week. In 1804, I put in here for refreshments; and among other old clothes that I had, was a threadbare black coat; I had it brushed up and the seams inked, and

At church, we saw breechless wardens stationed among the congregation, with wands in their hands, which, by frequently goading and tapping remiss members, were used to preserve proper decorum. Some, whom we saw officiating at a prayer meeting after-traded it off with the king, who for it, supplied the wards, in "puris naturalibus”—because the dark would conceal their copper-colored skins from view-came to us by night, but with far other than Nicodemus' intentions. The views of the untutored Marquesan, we could pity; but the hypocrisy of these, we despised.

ship with vegetables while we staid, and with live stock when she sailed. The coat was always too small for me, and the king was a much larger man than I am, and one day he came in great trouble, complaining that he could not fix the coat to look on him as it did on me; it did not meet by about a foot. So I told him it was because he was a great warrior, and that in Cook's country, soldier man wore blue ribbons in his buttonhole. I put some loops of blue ribbon to it, and buttoned them up across his breast, and he went away much pleased with his soldier coat. But times are changed since then, and whatever you get here now, you must pay for. And its all owing to these missionaries."

Filthy in their persons, the missionary has found it expedient to introduce the fashion of shaven heads, both for male and female. An assemblage of them in holiday dress, some with a shirt, some with a coat, some with breeches on, as an only garment; while here and there a few with the more comely rig of whole garments or the clean tappa, afforded to the unmissionary eye of the stranger by no means a pleasing sight; on the contrary, it presented to his mind, ideas of the squalid wretchedness and abject poverty, which would As we approaced Honolulu, but while yet in the be called forth by the same motley group in more civi-outer harbor, and before we had any communication

lized countries.

with the shore, we were boarded by a person, the only Of less commercial importance, and consequently object of whose visit, appeared to be, to bespeak our more isolated in their situation than the Sandwich prejudices in favor of the anti-missionary party. In a Islands, the missionaries at Tahiti have neither at- short time this worthy had read over to us the whole tracted as much public attention, nor had the opposing catalogue of charges and specifications against the misinfluence of foreign residents among the natives, to con- sionaries, the most grave of which were that they lived tend against, which their brethren across the line have. meanly, and worked with their own hands. Nor did This faction among resident foreigners has not failed to we afterwards hear any of a different character, except create partisans, and to make the missionary sensible that of the oft-repeated Catholic missionary affair, and of its strength; for it has exercised strong influences insinuations that certain of them had a back stairs' inagainst him and his cause. True, the Tahitian mis-fluence in the councils of state which they used to missionaries have their enemies in the Tuteoures, a band of natives who will neither hear their doctrines nor receive their instructions; but these have neither the influence nor the cunning of foreigners.

The most sensitive nerve, and that which whenever touched, is sure to rouse man into action, has been placed by those who have studied the secret springs of human action, not among the blood vessels of the system, but in the pocket of the man. The collateral results of missionary labor have sometimes twitched

sionary purposes.

The principal missionary station is at Honolulu ; though the condition of the mass has undergone more ameliorations at those ports and islands of the group that are less frequented by foreign shipping. At these latter, where the natives are not tempted by the lurements of foreign vice, nor the missionary thwarted in his business by the example of white men, he gains more of their time and attention for his work, and consequently they are more industrious, less vicious, and

therefore in a more prosperous state on some of the over his faults, if faults he have, we would cast the other stations than they are at Oahu. mantle of charity, as long as it contains any virtue in its folds.

The Doctor's motto is, "Believe me, I speak as my understanding instructs me, and as mine honesty puts it to utterance." And whenever the missionaries came up to his standard, which we think is pitched too high, he does not withhold from them their due meed of praise, nor deal it out grudgingly. He bears ample testimony of the devotion and success with which the American missionaries in British India have labored in their cause. He gives an interesting account of his visit to the missionary school at Bombay, in charge of Miss Farrar. Under the judicious management of this lady, her school constitutes the only neutral ground, which has ever been afforded where the haughty Mus

We visited several of these "out-of-the-way" stations, and no where, in a single instance, did we witness the slightest misdemeanor among the islanders; but on the contrary, a rigid and scrupulous adherence to honesty and morals was observed in all their dealings. "They learn the Bible by rote," said one of the missionaries, "faster than we can print it. It is distributed to them in single sheets just as we get it from the press. They are continually asking for more, and frequently want to know, if after learning the next one, they will not have learned all the books in the world. And in our walks, we are constantly called on to point out the right from the wrong." Every where we were forcibly struck with the improved and improving condition of the islanders, and had palpable proof that the mis-sulman, the persecuted, but honest fire-worshipper, and sionaries had so far conducted their nine years of labor in the most judicious manner.

the exclusive Hindoo, with all his prejudices of caste, could ever meet on any thing like terms of equality. "Already," continues our author, in his interesting narrative, "the feeling against caste has received a shock, and the little girls associated together without much repugnance; and their parents, for the sake of what they learn from their worthy instructors, suffer them to attend the schools." p. 127.

The Doctor left Miss Farrar's school "fully impressed, that the plan of educating native females must succeed, and in the course of time be attended with very beneficial results throughout India"-and adds, "that the great obstacles which the missionaries have to contend against there, are the prejudices of caste; and these are incredibly strong." p. 125.

"The missionaries stationed at the Sandwich Islands, as a class, are inferior to all those whom it has been our fortune to meet at other stations during the cruise. Many of them are far behind the age in which they live, deficient in general knowledge, and I think I can trace in them more of the lineaments of the Mucklewraths and Poundtexts of by-gone days, than is desirable in divines of the nineteenth century. Belonging to a sect, many of whose numbers, by some unusual combination of circumstances, have been made to reflect, and consequently change their manner of life suddenly, they have quitted their workshops to expound the scriptures; fancying all to be as bad as they themselves were previous to conversion, they go zealously to the work, and, feeling the deep importance of their subject, deal damnation and destruction, in a peculiar slang, to all whose opinions and course of life differ from their own. This is no sketch of fancy, and we can only lament there is no power to shield the pulpit from the vulgar spoutings of unlettered ignorance. It is heard in the United States, and I have no doubt, but the 'Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions' sends abroad the best they have at command. In some rare instances we find combined in the person of the mis-history, inquired of tradition, and tortured their own sionary polished manners, knowledge of the world, unimpeachable piety, and a mind firm in solid learning, and graced by various acquisitions of elegant literature. But it unfortunately happens that such men have generally held the subordinate and least distinguished places in the missions, doomed to be ruled by the majority, and labor in the detail of systems which their intelligence will not approve. I might mention such an one, but I must not individualize." p. 475.

The Monolithic caves of India, are splendid temples of Hindoo antiquity, hewn, as their name signifies, out of the solid rock. They are found among the mountains of Elephanta and Salsette; they are adorned with verandas, spacious and elegant apartments, supported by pillars and columns; and ornamented with massive pieces of statuary, and numerous specimens of the sculptor's art on the walls and near the doorways, many of which are wrought out of the living rock.

The learned of different ages have in vain searched

ingenuity, for some account of the origin of these caves. But the remotest history is silent on the subject, and the people who carved them out, are lost to tradition. All that is known of them is gathered from the stony idols and silent monuments, which a heathen people, at a remote period, and with immense cost of time and labor, had erected to their gods. From the grandeur, number and style of them, it is inferred that they were executed under some powerful dynasty in the East, which must have reigned many years before works of such extent could have been completed.

There is a striking similarity in the architectural style of these caves, and the Monolithic temples of Nubia. The manner in which they are decorated, the

The manner in which the missionaries have reduced the Sandwich Island language to letters, does not show any deficiency of talent among them. In the structure of an edifice it is not essential, or even expedient, that all the laborers should be master-workmen. The missionaries had much rubbish to clear away at the Sand-resemblance between the symbolical representations wich Islands, but they have laid the foundation of their found in the two cases, and other traces of like forms edifice upon firm groud, and have built it up thus far in of worship, favor the conjecture, that the people who admirable proportions. The workmanship shows no hollowed out these temples in the mountains, had a want of skill. But "perfection is like the mountain of common descent; for they bowed before similar idols, the talisman, no one has ever yet reached its summit." and worshipped the same powers of nature and spirits We have been led unwittingly away by this interest-of the universe.

ing subject. If the missionary err, humanum est, and The recent discovery in ancient Edom of the Mono

lithic city of Petra, adds plausibility to the conjecture | seven years they are invested with the "Gheber belt" that the upper Nile was peopled from Western India. of goats' hair, which they never take off, or put on, Though the biblical history of early times rather favors the hypothesis, that the bloody Bozrah* was the fatherland, whence commerce, by means of caravans, found her way into India and Nubia, carrying along with other customs in her train, the stone-cutting art.

without prayer. They believe in one God, and that Zoroaster was his prophet. After their expatriation they had no temples, "but morning and evening they assembled on the highways, or near some fountain, where they worshipped the rising and the setting sun. The ancient temples of Hindoostan and Egypt, the They are generous to all classes of men, without regard city of Petra, and the ruins of Palenque, afford an in- to their religious opinions: they often display their teresting field of research to the antiquary, who shall charity and benevolence by purchasing slaves, and, seek among their remains for traces of similar architec-after instructing them in some useful art, giving them tural designs, or other monuments of art, that may their liberty." p. 137. serve as a connecting link bewteen the nations of the old world and the aborigines of the new.

Their number, their union, and their wealth, have excited jealousy, and sometimes made them objects of suspicion; but such is the mildness of their manners, and the rectitude of their conduct, that instances are rare of their being cited before a judge for any misdemeanor. They are fond of poetry. And a Parsee, while tolerant of all religions, has never been known to change his own. p. 133.

From Bombay the squadron proceeded to Colombo, (Ceylon,) and were the first American men-of-war that have anchored there. The officers were cordially received, and hospitably entertained. The Doctor's "SKETCHES IN CEYLON," are replete with valuable information, and entertaining accounts of incidents and

Besides the caves of Salsette and Elephanta, among the other subjects of general interest touched upon in the "SKETCHES IN HINDOOSTAN," are the policy of the English East India government, many graphic sketches of rides, scenes, manners and customs about Bombay, and a short account of the Parsees or fire-worshippers. Without the avarice, or the Jewish curse upon them, the Parsees are among the heathen what the Jews are to the christian nations of the earth. Both of them have been driven from their land, and neither of them have a country. Conducting a thrifty trade wherever they are known, both people have preserved, among all nations, and through every revolution, their peculiar re-things. "Spicy breezes,"* salt, government, cinnamon ligion and forms of worship. The Parsees are celebrated for their upright dealing and honorable bearing. In some parts of the East, it is said, that sealed bags of money are received and passed currently among merchants, with no other knowledge or voucher of their contents, than that afforded on the outside by the brand of the Parsee merchant.

gardens, commerce, pearls and missionaries, are only a portion of the varied and agreeable topics discussed in these delightful sketches. The chapter on pearl fishing is particularly instructive. The fishery is a government monopoly, and is farmed out for only a few days in the year, during which time alone, the pearl banks are fished. The oysters taken are sold on the spot to the highest bidder. And those who consider a pearl oyster a treasure, will be astonished to learn that a bushel of them may be purchased for a less sum than a bushel of common oysters costs at Feversham or Col

success at Ceylon than in any part of India. And what
may be flattering to our national pride at least, is, that
though the American missionaries there, have been
passed over in silence by writers on British India, "they
are acknowledged on all hands," says the Doctor,
be more exemplary and more useful, and more emi-
nently successful than any other religious people in
India." p. 166.

to

Moore's beautiful oriental story, the FIRE-WORSHIPPERS, is familiar to every one. The deep-toned pathos with which this poem is sung by the young minstrel to his tulip-cheeked bride, delights the fancy, and, in the youthful mind, flings an air of romance around the gal-chester. p. 190. The missionaries have met with more lant Hafed and his devoted band, which the mention of fire-worshippers in after-life always calls to memory. They suppose the throne of the Almighty to be situated in the sun, which dispenses light and heat to the earth; hence the worship of that luminary; hence also their worship of fire which is emblematical. The stated times for their devotions are at the rising and setting of the sun. They will kindle a fire, and make use of it in their household economy; but they pay it reverence, and will not extinguish it. We recollect an instance of grave offence to a Gheber, by a squirting son of brother Jonathan, who, on a visit to the "rebel son of fire," spit his tobacco juice into the blazes of that emblem of deity.

More than a thousand years ago the fire-worshippers were driven from Persia, their country, by the Arabs, under the father of the "dark-eyed Hinda." Fleeing from the persecutions of their Mussulman tyrants, they sought refuge in various countries of the East. At last they found an asylum among the Guzeratees, who allowed them to exercise their religious rites, on condition that they would reveal the mysteries of their faith, and conform with the customs of the country. Whence, in the pursuits of commerce, they have emigrated to all parts of the East. At the age of Isaiah lxiii. t Lalla Rookh. Lalla Rookh.

Passing from Ceylon, the reader joins hands with our author, and is "shown about" Batavia, where his fruit-loving mouth waters for the delicious mangustin ; thence he accompanies him to Bankok on many a pleasant jaunt, and amidst curious scenes and people. Here the treaty was exchanged with his magnificent majesty, the king of Siam.

Thence, on a short allowance of provisions, and with languid minds, under the exhausting influence of an enervating climate, to Turon, where they failed in the second attempt, on the part of the United States, to open a commercial negotiation with the Cochin-Chinese government; and from here they hie merrily on with a leading Monoon, to the celestial provinces of the cousin of the sun, and brother of the moon.

A few days after their arrival at Canton, they were called on to perform the last sad offices of friendship to *Vide Bishop Heber's Missionary Hymn.