publication of his first historical work, Mr. Roscoe retired from his practice as a solicitor and entered himself at Gray's-inn, where he for some time pursued his studies, with the intention of ultimately practising at the Bar. Soon after was completed his Life of Leo the Tenth, which was published in 1805. In the same year Mr. Roscoe entered the firm of Clarke & Sons, Bankers, of Liverpool, and received a strong public testimonial to his merits in being returned member of Parliament for that town. His political career was brief, but during its continuance he distinguished himself as a steadfast advocate of the principles he had always professed, and as a warm partizan of the cause of Emancipation throughout the debate upon the African Slave Trade. After the dissolution of Parliament in 1807, Mr. Roscoe, distrusting the power of his friends to secure his re-election, declined entering upon a new contest, and from that time interfered with politics only by means of occassional pamphlets upon topics of general interest. The remainder of his life was devoted to the foundation and support of the many noble institutions which first called into existence through his instrumentality, reflect so much honor upon the town of which he was long an inhabitant. His attention was also occupied by the concerns of the extensive commercial establishment with which he was connected, and latterly by a consideration of the grand question of Criminal Jurisprudence. We understand that his correspondence upon this subject with various individuals in the United States has been productive of considerable improvements in the prisons of New York and Pennsylvania. Mr. Roscoe's latter days were subject to many difficulties, owing to the losses sustained by the firm under his management; and one instance of his disinterestedness (we allude to his honorable refusal to retain his library) must be fresh in the recollection of all. Yet, upon the whole, his life can neither be considered unhappy, nor his death, which occurred at the advanced age of eighty, premature. Distinguished through a long period of existence by the friendship of the gifted and noble, his days were spent in a free intercourse with kindred minds, amidst the comforts of a sufficient fortune and the enjoyment of a cultivated intellect. JULY. Crown'd with a wreath of lilies, breathing cool Bidlake. The seventh month received its name, Julius, in honour of Julius Cæsar, who was born on the twelfth day of it. 1, 1831. THE EARL OF DUNDONALD, ÆTAT. 82. The Right Honorable Archibald Cochrane, ninth Earl of Dundonald, Lord Cochrane of Paisley, Ochiltree, and Dundonald, and a Baronet of Nova Scotia, was born January 1, 1748-9, and succeeded to his family titles June 27, 1778. In early life he served in both the army and navy, but afterwards devoted himself entirely to scientific pursuits. Among his inventions area method of extracting tar, pitch, essential oils, volatile alkali, mineral acids, salts and cinders from pit-coal,-a method of preparing a substitute for gum-senegal, and other gums, extensively used in certain manufactures,—and a mode of preparing hemp and flax, so as materially to aid the operation of the tools called heckles, in the division of the fibre. He also published an Account of the qualities and uses af Coal Tar and Coal Varnish. The present state of the manufacture of Salt explained, &c. Treatise on the Connexion between Agriculture and Chemistry. In the Annual Address of the Registrars of the Literary Fund Society in the year 1823, appeared the following remarks in allusion to this nobleman:-" A man born in a high class of the old British peerage, has devoted his acute and investigating mind solely to the prosecution of science; and his powers have prevailed in the pursuit. The discoveries effected by his scientific research, with its direction altogether to utility, have been in many instances beneficial to the community, and in many have been the sources of wealth to individuals. To himself alone they have been unprofitable; for with a superior disdain, or (if you please) a culpable disregard of the goods of fortune, he has scattered around him the produce of his intellect with a lavish and wild hand. If we may use the consecrated words of an Apostle, though poor, he has made many rich,' and though in the immediate neighbourhood of wealth, he has been doomed to suffer, through a long series of laborious years, the severities of want. In his advanced age, he found an estimable woman, in poverty, it is true, like himself, but of an unspotted character and of a high though untitled family, to participate the calamity of his fortunes; and with her virtues and prudence, assisted by a small pension which she obtained from the benevolence of the Crown, she threw a gleam of light over the dark decline of his days. She was soon, however, torn from him by death; and, with an infant whom she bequeathed to him, he was abandoned to destitution and distress (for the pension was extinguished with her life). To this man, thus favored by nature, and thus persecuted by fortune, we have been happy to offer some little alleviation of his sorrows; and to prevent him from breathing his last under the oppressive sense of the ingratitude of his species," His Lordship died at Paris, where he had lived some time on his scanty pittance. 2. VISITATION OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY. This festival was instituted by Pope Urban VI. to commemorate the visit of the Virgin Mary, to the mother of John the Baptist. 4. TRANSLATION OF ST. MARTIN. This day celebrates the removal of St. Martin's body to a more splendid tomb, by order of Perpetuus, his successor in the see of Tours. (See November 11.) 4. 1831. THE HON. JAMES MONROE died, ÆTAT. 72. The late President of the United States, was born on Monroe's Creek in Virginia, in September, 1758; and descended from a respectable Scotch family. He served in the revolutionary war, and was afterwards in succession, Member of Congress, Governor of Virginia, Envoy Extraordinary to France and Great Britain, Secretary at War, and for eight years President of the United States. He alone, since Washington, was so elevated without opposition; and he was, without exception, the most popular chief magistrate the Americans have ever had. After having dispensed the patronage of the government for twice the constitutional term, he retired to the ranks of private life in honorable poverty; and having been induced, by broken health and domestic afflictions, to leave Virginia for New York, died in the bosom of a daughter's family in that city. It is very extraordinary that this is the third instance of a President of the United States dying on the anniversary of their independance, the previous instances being Adams and Jefferson. 4, 1761. SAMUEL RICHARDSON DIED. While in the zenith of his popularity, and towards the close of his life, Richardson resided in the house here represented, at Parson's Green, near Fulham. It stood at the south-west corner, facing the road to London, and a few years since it was pulled down. The admirers of Grandison and Clarissa will view with interest this relict of an author whose admirers are always enthusiasts. Hence he dated many of his published letters, and here he entertained the most intellectual society of his time. Nothing could be more pleasant and cheerful than the site of the house-a pleasant green -handsome country houses, and a very cheerful road, were always present from its windows-while the gardens behind were open and spacious. 7, 1831. ROBERT WILLIAM ELLISTON Died, This eminent comedian, the son of a watchmaker at Bloomsbury, was born the 7th of April, 1774. His uncle, the late Dr. Elliston, Master of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, is said to have intended him for the Church, and to have taken upon himself the care and expense of his education at St. Paul's School, where some declamations delivered with the unusual applause of his hearers, gave him the first encouragement to exhibit his theatrical abilities before a more extensive audience. His entrance upon his new career, however, drew upon him the serious displeasure of his friends, and he was compelled for some time to remain in the situation of a clerk in a lottery-office. His first appearance in public took place at Bath, in the character of Tressel in "Richard the Third." He was afterwards engaged by the well-known Tate Wilkinson, for the York Theatre, and subsequently, after having effected a reconciliation with his friends, returned to Bath, where he continued the reigning favourite, til! June 1796, when he first appeared as a successful candidate for the favors of a London audience. Mr. Elliston's management of Drury-Lane involved |