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FROM our infancy we have been accustomed to connect ideas of boundless magnificence and inexhaustible treasure, with the regions of the East; and nearly every document which, in maturer years, has been presented to our imagination or our understanding, has, in a greater or a less degree, contributed to sustain the illusion. The causes which have tended to confirm and to increase this, are various: the exaggerations of Eastern writers; the richness of Oriental dress and decoration; the passion for pomp and splendour which has distinguished many of the Asiatic monarchs, together with the highly wrought descriptions of travellers, dazzled by the glare of jewelry which adorned the persons of the Shahs and Rajahs of gorgeous Ind'; have all contributed to feed the vulgar taste for the marvellous, and to create and keep up a vague and undefinable, but universally diffused belief of the measureless wealth of the East. Subsequent events, and more distinct knowledge, have but imperfectly assisted in scattering these floating visions, by communicating more specific and far humbler notions on this point. Mr. Maurice, who, in language of singular self-complacency, assumed to himself the high office of historian of India, and who has been probably so considered by superficial readers, has contributed greatly to strengthen these misconceptions. He seems to have taken the Oriental writers for his models: his style is almost as florid and unimpressive as theirs; and he exhibits a similar disposition to receive with uncriticising admiration, the various exaggerations which it was his task to sift and to reduce. His work, however, was not without value, as it brought together much information that lay scattered; it was evidently, too, the comVol. XIII. N. S. I position of a scholar, and bore the marks of praiseworthy diligence. Had a somewhat severer discretion been exercised, could Mr. Maurice but have desisted from his perpetual puffs, his nauseous flattery, and his querulous intimations of public neglect; had he abstained from undignified complaints of an expense which nobody had asked him to hazard, from flourishing his bookseller's bill in the eyes of his readers, and from consuming in idle apologies for brevity, the space that would have sufficed for important but rejected details, he would have established a much stronger claim to what he rather too arrogantly anticipated, the thanks of posterity, than by weakly challenging comparison with Robertson and Hume. But the romantic dream of Oriental wealth and magnificence will last no longer. The theories which have assigned a remote and refined civilization to the nations of Eastern Asia, and all the exaggerations on which those speculations are founded, have been brought down to their just dimensions by Mr. Mill, who has produced a work than which we never read any affording stronger and surer indications of a penetrating and powerful mind, and of extensive and accurate knowledge. He has evaded nothing. He has passed, with firm step and discriminating eye, through all the infinite entanglements of Hindu law, society, literature, arts, mauners, religion, and government; with a mastery and decision of which we cannot sufficiently express our admiration, he has relieved his subject of all that was extraneous, steadily rejected all that had no claim to deference as authority, brought scattered and apparently incoherent particulars, into order and arrangement, and, above all, by the clear, consistent, and determined application of principles, has given definition to the distressing vagueness, and thrown strong light upon the bewildering obscurity, which so greatly embarrass the most attentive reader, in the theology and literature of Hindustan. The condensation of matter and reasoning in these volames, is altogether extraerdinary; and the language, though occasionally awkward, is, on the whole, an admirable medium of thought and narrative: it is always clear, vigorous, and distinct, and not unfrequently characterised by as much of polish and ornament as can well consist with closeness and strength. The Author has kept in view, with unvarying constancy, the spirit of his motto: he has investigated and narrated presse et distincte; sermone quodam activo et masculo, nusquam digrediendo, nil amplificando. In whatever direction the investigator of Indian history may prosecute his inquiries, he finds himself embarrassed, not only by the various and sometimes conflicting authorities to which he must recur, but by the extensiveness and irregularity of the ground which it is necessary for him to pre-occupy and clear, before he can make his way with steadiness and success. In these |