From the repeated notices these daily accounts give of the visits of the de Mortimers to Bogo de Clare, from the mention of his acquaintance with the prior of Striguil, and Henry de Ludlow who was the builder of Stokesay, it seems very probable that he was some connection of the great earls of Clare, who held extensive possessions contiguous to those of these distinguished people.

On the back of this expense roll, there occurs, amongst others, the following curious entries. For a chaplet of flowers, bought for John de Belchamp on the day of Pentecost, fourpence halfpenny. For two rings, bought and given to lady Margery la Rouse and her daughter by the precept of the lord at London, four and sixpence. For one hat of felt, bought for the lord and given to Edmund Mortimer, twenty pence. On Sunday the feast of the Holy Trinity, in an oblation of the lord Edmund de Mortimer and his lady and their knights and companions of the lord at London, according to the precept of the lord, eightpence. In alms, given at the same time, two-pence. For a chest, bought to hold the spoons of the lord, sixpence; and paid to William Pilk the jester of Sarum, two shillings.

With these entries the analysis of these accounts would naturally close, but a small rider is attached to them of so singular a nature, that it is quite worth giving it in a translated form. I am not aware of any statement in the least degree similar. We have already seen that when Bogo de Clare despatched Walter de Reyny on his business to the king and queen at Carnarvon, a certain John de Wortley was appointed to take charge of the household accounts. We have now to notice one concerning the funeral expenses of this useful official, who died in the service of his master, and who was buried at his expense.1

This document gives a full account of the ceremonies and the charge of a funeral of an individual in the middle ranks of life; he may be called a clerk or secretary. It, therefore, affords a clear insight into the customs attending the interment of this class of people. Judging from the entire cost, which came to as much as three pounds, three and fourpence, there was as much money uselessly spent on his obit, as would have to be borne by survivors at the present day, though the money passed according to mediSee Appendix B.

æval usage chiefly into the hands of ecclesiastics or inferior people connected with the church; whereas at present a most reprehensible feeling of false respect for the dead shows itself by yielding to the extravagant ideas of an undertaker. Let us, however, examine the different items as they stand, when the poor clerk of Bogo de Clare was buried.

Paid to twelve clerks, saying the psalter for the soul of John de Worteley, eighteen pence; of whom six took twelvepence because they said it both day and night, and the rest took sixpence because they said it only by night. Also paid for five wax lights for the monastery of the Holy Trinity at London, for the soul of the aforesaid, by the hands of Walter de Reyny, at the command of the lord. Also two wax lights for the Friars Preachers; two for the brethren of the Augustines; one for the church of All Saints, and one for the church of St. Mary Magdalene. Also to Aunger, the lay sacristan, according to his right, fourpence. Also to the clerk of the parish, for twice beating the whole of the bells, twopence. Also for tolling the great bell of St. Paul's, sixpence. Also to the common porter of the bell for divulging his death, sixpence. For bread bought and given for the soul of the foresaid John, by the hands of Walter the clerk, ten shillings. In carriage of wheaten bread from the corn at Dorking, to wit three quarters, and sixpence for carriage of the bread. For carrying wax lights inside the church, fourpence. For carrying the coffin in which the body was deposited, one penny. In making the sepulchre, fourpence.

Also for half a hundred of wax, twenty-three shillings and sixpence. For making it into square wax lights, and for the driver, and for the horse, and for the carriage of wax lights, and for bringing the herse, in all, four and fourpence. For incense, threepence; earthen jars, a penny. For a chest, sixpence. Also for a bed brought for Jordan to lie upon before John de Wortley for six nights, sixpence. Also for a certain woman from Swaneschamp keeping him by the command of the lord, two shillings. Also in an oblation the day of his death, seventeen shillings and fourpence.

ILLUSTRATIONS.

APPENDIX A.

Expensæ domus Bogonis de Clare factæ per manus Waltere de Reyny, 12, 13, Edw. I.

Expensæ domus factæ per manus Walteri de Reyny a festo Sancti Gregorii, A.D. 1284, usque ad festum Sancti Michaelis proximo sequent. Die Mercurii proxima post festum translationis Sancti Ricardi Cicestrensis, eodem die recessit dominus Bogo de Thacham versus London, præsentibus dominis Abel, W. de Reyni, R. de Sullie et aliis de familia. In pane ad cenam apud Maidenhid 14d.; in vino 10 d., unus sextarius de Stauro de Thacham. In cervisia 123d.; in uno lupo aquatico 10d.; in menuse 10d.; in ovis 6d. ; in salsa 2d.; in feno pro 20 equis 10d.; in uno quarterio uno bussello avenarum emptarum 2s. 8d.; item de stauro de Thacham 2 busselli et dimidium de remanenti carectarionum qui cariaverunt carnes de Retherfeld; in lettera 2s. 0дd.; in lectis 5d.; in candelis 1d.; in bosco et carbone 7d.; in potu domini per viam una cum pane empto pro equis apud Reding 123d.; in vadiis 14 garcionum et unius pagani 1s. 10d.

Summa 15s. 1d.

Die Sabbati in Vigilia Pentecostes, Dominus ibidem (London), præsentibus Domino Edmundo de Mortuo Mari, Domino Willielmo de Mortuo Mari, Domino Rogero de Moubray, Domino Roberto de la Warde, Domino Johanne de Clinton, Domino Rogero de Molton, Domino Henrico de Kokington, Domino Rogero de Beltofte Gilberto de Cliftone, Henrico de Lodelowe et aliis. In pane 6s., vinum de stauro decem sextarii et dimidium; in cervisia 118.; in butiro 3d. Coquinain morue et Stocfis 3s. 10d.; in congre, playz, et soles 8s. 6d.; in lupis aquaticis et barbellis 78.; in lampredis 6s. 8d.; in capriolis marinis pro infirmis 2d.; in salsa 71⁄2d.; in 4 libris amigdalarum 6d.; in potagio d.; in sale 2d.; in cepo 1åd.; in portagio 1d. Marescalcia-in feno pro 39 equis 2s. 54d.; in prebenda 2 quarteria et dimidium avenæ de stauro, et Boscus de Stauro; in lectis 4d.; in 4 libris candele de cepo 7d.; in litera 2s. 1d.; in cyrpis 20d.; in vadiis 27 garcionum et 2 paganorum 3s. 6d.; item 15 ferra ferrata de stauro

Summa 55s. 8d.

Die dominica in festo Pentecostes præsentibus domino Edmundo de Mortuomari et omnibus prædictus excepto domino Rogero de Moubray. In pane 8s. ; item vinum de Stauro 10 sextarii; item cervisiæ de Stauro; in cyphis 8d.; Coquina-in bove 8s. 6d. ; in vitulo 2s. 2d.; in lardo 2d.; in albo sagimine 3d.; item duo multones de stauro de Dorkinge 3s.; in aucis 58. 10d.; in capriolis 2s. 8d. ; in pullis 10d.; in columbis 2s.; in lacte 5d.; in potagio d.; in salsa 4d.; in pane pro coquina 3d. ;

1862

10

in portagio 1d. Marescalcia—in feno pro 40 equis 2s. 6d. ; in præbenda 2 quarteria et dimidium et dimidium busselli de stauro; in bosco et carbone 6s. 8d.; in lectis 4d.; in vadiis 25 garcionum et 2 paganorum 3s. 4 d.; in sagimine pro equis 2d.

Summa 48s. 3d.

Die Lunæ sequente, Dominus ibidem, præsente Domino Henrico de Cokington, Domino Willielmo de Lamborne clericis de scackario et aliis. In pane 6s.; vinum de stauro 8 sextarii; in cervisia 3s. 6d. Coquinain bove 5s. 6d. ; in vitulo 14d.; in carne porcina 3d.; item dimidium porci de Dorkinge de stauro 20d.; in caponibus 68.; in columbis et pullis 3s.; in ovis 11d.; in pastillis faciendis 10d.; in pane pro coquina 2d.; in lacted.; in potagio 1d.; in salsa 31d.; in portagio 1d. Marescalcia-in feno pro 40 equis 2s. 6d.; in prebenda 2 quarteria et dimidium, et dimidium busselli de stauro. Boscus et carbo de stauro; in lectis 5d.; item 13 ferra ferrata de stauro; in vadiis 26 garcionum et 3 paganorum 3s. 6d.; in candela alba 1d. Summa 36s. 1 d.

APPENDIX B.

Expense circa Liberati duodecim clericis dicentibus Salterum pro Obitum Johannes Anima Johannes de Wrteley 18d.; de quibus sex de Wrteleye. capiunt 12d. quià dixerunt per diem et noctem, et cæteri 6d. per solomodo per noctem. Item liberatæ 5 cireæ monasterio Sanctæ Trinitatis London, pro anima dicti Johannis de Wrteleye per manus Walteri de Reyny, præcepto domini; item liberata 2 cireæ fratribus prædicatoribus London; item 2 cireæ fratribus minoribus London; item 2 cireæ fratribus Sancti Augustini London; item 1 cireæ Ecclesiæ Omnium Sanctorum, London; item Ecclesiæ Mariæ Magdalenæ, London 1 cerea; item liberati Maglar Sanctæ Trinitatis, London, 4d.; item Aungero Sacristie laico pro jure suo 6d.; item clerico parochiæ pro glassio bis pulsato 2d.; item pro magna campana Sancti Pauli, London, pulsanda 6d.; item vulgari portitori campanæ ad devulgandum ejus obitum 6d.; item in pane empta data pro anima dicti Johannis per manus Walteri Clerici 19s.; in portagio panis frumenti de frumento de Dorking scilicet 3 quarteriorum et in prædicto pane portando 6d. ; item in portagio cereorum infra ecclesiam 4d.; in portagio cista in qua corpus depositum fuerat 1d.; in sepulchro faciendo 4d.; item in dimidio centum ceræ emptæ 23s. 6d.; item in factura prædictæ ceræ in cereos quadratos et pro limmone et pro quadam hercia conducta et pro portagio cereorum et herciæ conductæ in omnibus 4s. 4d.; item in incenso 3d. ; item pro ollis luteis 1d.; item pro cista 6d.; item pro uno lecto conducto pro Jordano jacente coram eo per sex noctes 6d. ; item cuidam mulieri de Swaneschamp custodienti eum præcepto domini 2s.; item in oblatione die obitus sui 17s. 4d.

Summa 63s. 4d.

APPENDIX C.

In the Rolls of Parliament of 18 Edward I. occur the following notices : Bogo de Clare was attached to answer the king on a charge of having cited the earl of Cornwall on his way to Parliament, which being a direct contempt against the king, he had to pay £10,000. In defence he alleged his ignorance of the extreme nature of the offence, and it was afterwards decided that he should be confined in the Tower of London during his majesty's pleasure; but bail being found for him he was set free after paying another heavy fine to the king and one to the Church, which was remitted from £1000 to £100.

On another occasion he was embroiled with one Johannes le Waleys, inasmuch as the latter had entered his house and forcibly taken away certain documents which incriminated Bogo de Clare, and caused him to be imprisoned on a charge of contempt for the king and church. Soon after he was confronted with the king, but the final hearing seems to have been adjourned sine die.

ON THE COINS OF URICONIUM.

BY BEALE POSTE.

THE name of Uriconium, referring as it does to an ancient city of renown, is found mentioned on coins; and forms a subject which requires to be duly noticed and examined. The topic is one of interest; and as there are three or four varying types of them, it is my purpose briefly to describe them, in order that it may be understood what they are. Further, as this subject must be new to many, and indeed to most persons, I have to make the prefatory remark that these coins, which are all in gold, are of that class which is called "ancient British ;" that the inscriptions on them are in the Celtic language, in a dialect much resembling the modern Welsh or Irish; and that the word TASCIO which is read on them implies the same as the Latin word IMPERATOR, in the sense, not of emperor, but as ruler or commander merely, and is frequently so applied to Cunobeline, a powerful king in Britain of that day, mentioned by ancient historians; and who, it may be inferred from these moneys, was recognized and acknowledged by this city as its sovereign. Further, that the name of the place is expressed on the coins by the word "Vricon" and its varieties;