Catholic writing. Catholic Tractates of the 16th Century (ed. T. G. Law, Scottish Text Society, Edinburgh, 1901), gives further material of somewhat the same character. Raynaldus, Annales Ecclesiastici, should most certainly be used although on many points not to be depended upon. For the Council of Trent the old classical histories of Sarpi and Pallavicino remain the best works. For the Popes: W. Voss, Die Verhandlungen Pius IV mit den katholischen Machten (Leipzig, 1887); an article by Maitland, "Queen Elizabeth and Paul IV" (English Historical Review, vol. xv, p. 326); Mendham, Life and Pontificate of Pius V (London, 1832; supplement, 1833). Works of value in the study of the treatment of the English Catholics are: Phillips, Extinction of the Ancient Hierarchy (London, 1905); T. E. Bridgett and T. F. Knox, The True Story of the Catholic Hierarchy deposed by Queen Elizabeth (London, 1889); T. F. Knox, Records of Anglican Catholics under the Penal Laws (London, 1878); Bishop Challoner, Memoirs of Missionary Priests and Other Catholics of Both Sexes that have suffered Death in England on Religious Accounts from 1377-1684 (ed. T. G. Law, Manchester, 1878); Charles Buller, Historical Memoirs of the English, Irish and Scottish Catholics since the Reform (3d ed., 4 vols., London, 1822); Cardinal Manning, Calendar of Martyrs of the 16th and 17th Centuries (London, 1887); T. G. Law, A Calendar of the English Martyrs of the 16th and 17th Centuries (London, 1876); Pollen and Burton, Lives of the English Martyrs, 1583-1588 (1914), is the latest. All these works must be used with considerable caution. The work of J. H. Pollen, a modern Catholic scholar, deserves the highest consideration. Cf. especially his Unpublished Documents relating to the English Martyrs (vol. 1, 1584-1603, Catholic Record Soc. Pub. v, 1908); Acts of the English Martyrs hitherto unpublished (London, 1891), and various articles in The Month. Especially "Religious Terrorism under Q. Elizabeth" (March, 1905); "Politics of English Catholics during the Reign of Q. Elizabeth" (1902); "The Question of Queen Elizabeth's Successor" (May, 1903). Consult also the following: F. A. Gasquet, Hampshire Recusants, a story of their troubles in the time of Elizabeth (London, 1895); J. J. E. Proost, Les refugiés anglais et irlandais en Belgique à la suite de la reforme religieuse établie sous Elisabeth et Jacques I; Guilday, English Catholic Refugees on the Continent (vol. I, 1914); M. A. S. Hume, Treason and Plot, Struggles for Catholic Supremacy in the Last Years of Q. Elizabeth (new edition, London, 1908); the article by R. B. Merriman, "Notes on the Treatment of the English Catholics in the reign of Elizabeth" (American Historical Review, vol. XIII, no. 3), is by an American scholar and exceedingly fair. On the Bull of Excommunication two of the most interesting contemporary pamphlets are Bulla Papistica ante brennum contra sereniss. Anglia Francia et Hibernia Reginam Elizabetham et contra inclytum Angliæ regnum promulgatæ Refutatio, orthodoxæque Regina et Universi regni Angliæ defensio Henrychi Bullingeri (London, 1572), and A Disclosing of the great Bull and certain calves that he hath gotten and specially the Monster Bull that roared at my Lord Bishops Gate. (Imprinted at London by John Daye.) On the same topic see M. Creighton, "The Excommunication of Q. Elizabeth" (English Historical Review, vol. VII, p. 81). For the Jesuits consult: Robert Persons, The First Entrance of the Fathers of the Society into England (ed. J. H. Pollen, Catholic Record Society, Miscellanea, vol. II, 1906); Henry Foley, Records of the English Province of the Society of Jesus (8 vols., London, 1877-83); Ethelred L. Taunton, The History of the Jesuits in England, 1580-1773 (Philadelphia and London, 1901); T. G. Law, Historical Sketch of the Conflicts between Jesuits and Seculars in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth with a Reprint of Christopher Bagshaws' 'True Relation of the Faction begun at Wisbich' (London, 1889). Biographical material: Richard Simpson, Edmund Champion, a Biography (London, 1867); The Letters and Memorials of Wm. Cardinal Allen, 1532–1594 (edited by the Fathers of the Congregation of the London Oratory, London, 1882); Morris, Life of Father John Gerard (London, 1881). For the student particularly interested in the development of toleration and liberty the following books are suggested: James Mackinnon, A History of Modern Liberty (3 vols., London, 190608, vol. II, The Age of the Reformation, and vol. III, The Stuarts). Sir Frederick Pollock, "The Theory of Persecution," in Essays on Jurisprudence and Ethics; Schaff, Religious Liberty (in Publications of the American Historical Association, 1886-87); Mandell Creighton, Persecution and Tolerance (Hulsean Lectures, 189394, London and New York, 1895); J. O. Bevan, Birth and Growth of Toleration (London, 1909); Sir James Fitzjames Stephen, Liberty, Equality and Fraternity. One of the best studies is A. A. Seaton, Theory of Toleration under the Later Stuarts (Cambridge, 1911), and it has an introduction of primary importance. Cf., also, C. Beard, The Reformation of the 16th Century in its relation to modern Thought and Knowledge (London, 1883). H. T. Buckle, History of Civilization in England (2 vols., New York, 1891, from the 2d London ed.), takes a view now somewhat antiquated, but worth considering. The intellectual aspects of the development are ably presented by J. B. Bury, A History of Freedom of Thought (Home University Library), and in greater detail by J. M. Robertson, A Short History of Freethought (2 vols., New York, 1906). |