Orychoma was the same as the fort Achaia, which is said to have been the first settlement of the Heliadae in the island (Diod. Sic. v. 57; Athen. viii. p 360); at any rate, Achaia was situated in the territory of Ialysus, which bore the name Ialysia. (Comp. Hom. Il. ii. 656; Pind. Ol. vii. 106; Herod. ii. 182; Thucyd. viii. 44 ; Ptol. v. 2. § 34; Steph. B. s. v.; Scylax, Peripl. p. 81; Dionys. Perieg. 504; Ov. Met. vii. 365; Pomp. Mela, ii. 7.) The site of ancient Ialysus is still occupied by a village bearing the name Ialiso, about which a few ancient remains are found. (Ross, Reisen auf den Griech. Inseln, vol. iii. p. 98.) [L. S.] IAMISSA. [THAMESIS.] IAMNA, IAMNO. [BALEARES, p. 374, b.] ΙΑΜΝΙΑ (Ιαθνής, LXX.; Ιάμνια, Ἰαμνεία 'leurad), a city of the Philistines, assigned to the tribe of Judah in the LXX. of Joshua xv. 45 (Teura); but omitted in the Hebrew, which only mentions it in 2 Chron. xxvi. 6 (JABNEH in the English version), as one of the cities of the Philistines taken and destroyed by king Uzziah. It is celebrated by Philo Judaeus as the place where the first occasion was given to the Jewish revolt under Caligula, and to his impious attempt to profane the temple at Jerusalem. His account is, as follows:In the city of Iamnia, one of the most populous of Judaea, a small Gentile population had established itself among the more numerous Jews, to whom they occasioned no little annoyance by the wanton violation of their cherished customs. An unprincipled government officer, named Capito, who had been sent to Palestine to collect the tribute, anxious to pre-occupy the emperor with accusations against the Jews before their well-grounded complaints of his boundless extortion could reach the capital, ordered an altar of mud to be raised in the town for the deification of the emperor. The Jews, as he had anticipated, indignant at the profanation of the Holy Land, assembled in a body, and demolished the altar. On hearing this, the emperor, incensed already at what had lately occurred in Egypt, resolved to resent this insult by the erection of an equestrian statue of himself in the Holy of Holies. (Philo, de Legat. ad Caium, Op. vol. ii. p. 573.) With respect to its site, it is assigned by Josephus to that part of the tribe of Judah occupied by the children of Dan (Ant. v. 1. §22); and he reckons it as an inland city. (Ant. xiv. 4. § 4, B. J. i. 7. § 7.) Thus, likewise, in the 1st book of Maccabees (x. 69, 71), it is spoken of as situated in the plain country; but the author of the 2nd book speaks of the harbour and fleet of the Iamnites, which were fired by Judas Maccahaeus; when the light of the conflagration was seen at Jerusalem, 240 stadia distant. The apparent discrepancy may, however, be reconciled by the notices of the classical geographers, who make frequent mention of this town. Thus Pliny expressly says, “Iamnes duae; altera intus,” and places them between Azotus and Joppa (v. 12); and Ptolemy, having mentioned 'lauv, "the port of the Iamnites," as a maritime town between Joppa and Azotus, afterwards enumerates Iamnia among the cities of Judaea. From all which it is evident that Iamnia had its Majuma, or naval arsenal, as Gaza, Azotus, and Ascalon also had. (Le Quien, Oriens Christ. vol. iii. col. 587, and 622.) The Itinerary of Antoninus places it 36 M. P. from Gaza, and 12 M. P. frota Diospolis (or Lydda); and Eusebius (Onom. s. v. 'Iάuveia) places it between Diospolis and Azotus. Its site is still marked by ruins which | retain the ancient name Yebna, situated on a small eminence on the west side of Wady Rubin, an hour distant from the sea. (Irby and Mangles, Travels, p. 182.) "The ruins of a Roman bridge," which they noticed, spanning the Nahr-el-Rúbín between Yebna and the sea, was doubtless built for the purpose of facilitating traffic between the town and its sea-port. [G. W.] IAMPHORINA, the capital of the Maedi, in Macedonia, which was taken B. c. 211 by Philip, son of Demetrius. (Liv. xxvi. 25.) It is probably represented by Vrania or Ivorina, in the upper valley of the Moráva. (Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iii. p. 473.) [E. B. J.] IANGACAUCA'NI [MAURETANIA.] JANUA'RIA ('Iavovapíα ăкpa), a promontory on the coast of Cilicia, near Serrepolis, between Mallus and Aegaea. (Stadiasm. §§ 149, 150.) It is now called Karadash. [L. S.] IA'PIS ('Iarís), a small stream which formed the boundary between Megaris and the territory of Eleusis. [ATTICA, p. 323, a.] IA'PODES, IA'PYDES ('Iάπodes, Strab. iii. p. 207, vii. p. 313; 'láπudes, Ptol. ii. 16. § 8; Liv. xliii. 5; Virg. Georg. iii. 475; Tibull. iv. 1. 108), an Illyrian people to the N. of Dalmatia, and E. of Liburnia, who occupied IAPYDIA (Plin. iii. 19), or the present military frontier of Croatia, comprised between the rivers Kulpa and Korana to the N. and E., and the Velebich range to the S. In the interior, their territory was spread along MONS ALBIUS (Velika), which forms the extremity of the great Alpine chain, and rises to a great elevation; on the other side of the mountain they reached towards the Danube, and the confines of Pannonia. They followed the custom of the wild Thracian tribes in tattooing themselves, and were arined in the Keltic fashion, living in their poor country (like the Morlacchi of the present day) chiefly on zea and millet. (Strab. vii. p. 315.) In B. C. 129, the consul C. Sempronius Tuditanus carried on war against this people, at first unsuccessfully, but afterwards gained a victory over them, chiefly by the military skill of his legate, D. Junius Brutus, for which he was allowed to celebrate a triumph at Rome (Appian, B. C. i. 19, Illyr. 10; Liv. Epit. lix.; Fasti Capit.) They had a "foedus" with Rome (Cic. pro Balb. 14), but were in B. C. 34 finally subdued by Octavianus, after an obstinate defence, in which Metulum, their principal town, was taken (Strab. I. c.; Appian, Illyr. l. c.). METULUM (METOûλov), their capital, was situated on the river COLAPIS (Kulpa) to the N., on the frontier of Pannonia (Appian, l. c), and has been identified with Möttling or Métlika on the Kulpa. The Antonine Itinerary has the following places on the road from Senia (Zergg) to Siscia (Sissek) :AVENDONE (comp. Peut. Tab.; Abendo, Geog. Rav.; Avevdeάtai, Appian, Illyr. l. c.; Overdos, Strab. iv. p. 207, vii. p. 314.); ARUFIUM (Arypium, Peut. Tab.; Parupium, Geog. Rav.; 'Apoumivo, App. Illyr. 16., perhaps the same as the 'Аpoukкía of Ptolemy, ii. 16. § 9), now Ottochatz. At BIBICM, which should be read BIVIUM (Wesseling, ad loc.), the road divided, taking a direction towards Pannonia, which the Itinerary follows, and also towards Dalmatia, which is given in the Peutinger Table. Neigebaur (Die Sudslaven, pp. 224-235) has identified from a local antiquary the following sites of the Table: EPIDOTIUM (Uselle); Aucus (Chauke); Au Polybius (iii. 76: coins, ap. Sestini, pp. 132, 163; Num. Goth.). [P.S.] IA'DERA ('Iádepa, Ptol. iii. 16. § 10; 'Iadapa, Nicet. p. 348; Iadera, Plin. iii. 26; Iader, Pomp. Mela, ii. 3. § 13; Peut. Tab.; Geog. Rav.; on the orthography of the name see Tzchucke, ad Melam, 1. c. vol. ii. pt. 2. p. 275: Eth. Iadertinus, Hirt. B. A. 42: Żara), the capital of Liburnia in Illyricum. Under Augustus it was made a Roman colony. ("Parens coloniae," Inser. ap. Farlati, Illyr. Sacr., vol. v. p. 3; comp. Ptol. l. c.) Afterwards it bore the name of DIODORA. and paid a tribute of 110 pieces of gold to the Eastern emperors (Const. Porph. de Adm. Imp. 30), until it was handed over, in the reign of Basil the Macedonian, to the Slavonic princes. Zara, the modern capital of Dalmatia, and well known for the famous siege it stood against the combined French and Venetians, at the beginning of the Fourth Crusade (Gibbon, c. lx.; Wilken, die Kreuzz. vol. v. p. 167), stands upon the site of ladera. Little remains of the ancient city; the sea-gate called Porta di San Chrysogono is Roman, but it seems likely that it has been brought from Aenona. The gate is a single arch with a Corinthian pilaster at each side supporting an entablature. Eckhel (vol. ii. p. 152) doubts the evidence of any coins of Iadera, though some have been attributed to it by other writers on numismatics. (Sir G. Wilkinson, Dalmatia and Montenegro, vol. i. He Fazello assures us that there was a mediaeval fortress called Iato on the summit of a lofty mountain, about 15 miles from Palermo, and 12 N. of Entella, which was destroyed by Frederic II. at the same time with the latter city; and this he supposes, probably enough, to be the site of Iaeta. says the mountain was still called Monte di Iato, though more commonly known as Monte di S. Cosmano, from a church on its summit. (Fazell. x. p. 471; Amic. Lex. Top. Sic. vol. ii. p. 291.) The spot is not marked on any modern map, and does not appear to have been visited by any recent travellers. The position thus assigned to Iaeta agrees well with the statements of Diodorus, but is wholly irreconcilable with the admission of 'Ierás into the text of Thucydides (vii. 2): this reading, however, is a mere conjecture (see Arnold's note), and must probably be discarded as untenable. [E. H. B.] p. 78; J. F. Neigebaur, Die Sudslaven, pp. 181-Euseb.), a city of Gilead, assigned to the tribe of 191.) [E. B. J.] IADO'NI, a people in the extreme NW. of Hispania Tarraconensis, mentioned only by Pliny, who places them next to the Arrotrebae. (Plin. iv. 20. s. 34.) [P. S.] IAÉTA or IETAE ('Ieral, Steph. B. : Eth. 'Ieraios, Id.; but Diodorus has 'Iaurivos, and this is confirmed by coins, the legend of which is uniformly 'Iativwv, Eckhel, vol. i. p. 216: in Latin, Cicero has Ietini, but Pliny Letenses), a town of the interior of Sicily, in the NW. of the island, not very far from Panormus. It was mentioned by Philistus (ap. Steph. B. 8. v.) as a fortress, and it is called by Thucydides also (if the reading 'Ierás be admitted, in vii. 2) a fortress of the Siculians (Teixos TŴV ZIKEAŵy), which was taken by Gylippus on his march from Himera through the interior of the island towards Syracuse. It first appears as an independent city in the time of Pyrrhus, and was attacked by that monarch on account of its strong position and the advantages it offered for operations against Panormus; but the inhabitants readily capitulated. (Diod. xxii. 10, p. 498.) In the First Punic War it was occupied by a Carthaginian garrison, but after the fall of Panormus drove out these troops and opened its gates to the Romans. (Id. xxiii. 18, p. 505.) Under the Roman government it appears as a municipal town, but not one of much importance. The letini are only noticed in passing by Cicero among the towns whose lands had been utterly ruined by the exactions of Verres; and the Ietenses are enumerated by Pliny among the "populi stipendiarii" of the interior of Sicily. (Cic. Verr. iii. 43; Plin. iii. 8. s. 14.) Many MSS. of Cicero read Letini, and it is probable that the Añтov of Ptolemy (iii. 4. § 15) is only a corruption of the same name. The position of Iaeta is very obscurely intimated, but it appears from Diodorus that it was not very remote from Panormus, and that its site was one of great natural strength. Silius Italicus also alludes to its elevated situation ("celsus Ietas," xiv. 271). Gad by Moses. In Numbers (xxxii. 1), "the land of Jazer" is mentioned as contiguous to "the land of Gilead, and suited to cattle." In Jeremiah (xlviii. 32), "the sea of Jazer" occurs in some versions, as in the English; but Reland (s. v. p. 825) justly remarks, that this is not certain, as the passage may be pointed after the word "sea,” and “Jazer." as a vocative, commence the following clause. But as "the land of Jazer" is used for the country south of Gilead, so the Dead Sea may be designated "the sea of Jazer." Eusebius (Onomast. s. v. 'Aoúp) places it 8 miles west of Philadelphia or Ammon; and elsewhere (s. v. 'Iaop), 10 miles west of Philadelphia, and 15 from Esbon (Heshbon). He adds, that a large river takes its rise there, which runs into the Jordan. In a situation nearly corresponding with this, between Szalt and Esbus, Burckhardt passed some ruins named Szyr, where a valley named Wady Szyr takes its rise and runs into the Jordan. This is doubtless the modern representative of the ancient Jazer. "In two hours and a half (from Szalt) we passed, on our right, the Wady Szyr, which has its source near the road, and falls into the Jordan. Above the source, on the declivity of the valley, are the ruins called Szyr." (Syria, p. 364.) It is probably identical with the ráçopos of Ptolemy which he reckons among the cities of Palestine on the east of the Jordan (v. 16). [G. W.] IALYSUS (Ιάλυσος, Ἰάλυσσος, οι Ἰήλυσσος : Eth. 'laλúσoios), one of the three ancient Doric cities in the island of Rhodes, and one of the six towns constituting the Doric hexapolis. It was situated only six stadia to the south-west of the city of Rhodes, and it would seem that the rise of the latter city was the cause of the decay of Ialysus; for in the time of Strabo (xiv. p. 655) it existed only as a village. Pliny (v. 36) did not consider it as an independent place at all, but imagined that Ialysus was the ancient name of Rhodes. Orychoma, the citadel, was situated above Ialysus, and still existed in the time of Strabo. It is supposed by some that Orychoma was the same as the fort Achaia, which is said to have been the first settlement of the Heliadae in the island (Diod. Sic. v. 57; Athen. viii. p. 360); at any rate, Achaia was situated in the territory of Ialysus, which bore the name Ialysia. (Comp. Hom. Il. ii. 656; Pind. Ol. vii. 106; Herod. ii. 182; Thucyd. viii. 44; Ptol. v. 2. § 34; Steph. B. s. v.; Scylax, Peripl. p. 81; Dionys. Perieg. 504; Ov. Met. vii. 365; Pomp. Mela, ii. 7.) The site of ancient Ialysus is still occupied by a village bearing the name ĺaliso, about which a few ancient remains are found. (Ross, Reisen auf den Griech. Inseln, vol. iii. p. 98.) [L. S.] IAMISSA. [THAMESIS.] IAMNA, IAMNO. [BALEARES, p. 374, b.] ΙΑΜΝΙΑ (Ἰανής, LXX.; άμνια, Ἰαμνεία 'Ieuvad), a city of the Philistines, assigned to the tribe of Judah in the LXX. of Joshua xv. 45 (réuva); but omitted in the Hebrew, which only mentions it in 2 Chron. xxvi. 6 (JABNEH in the English version), as one of the cities of the Philistines taken and destroyed by king Uzziah. It is celebrated by Philo Judaeus as the place where the first occasion was given to the Jewish revolt under Caligula, and to his impious attempt to profane the temple at Jerusalem. His account is, as follows:In the city of Iamnia, one of the most populous of Judaea, a small Gentile population had established it-elf among the more numerous Jews, to whom they occasioned no little annoyance by the wanton violation of their cherished customs. An unprincipled government officer, named Capito, who had been❘ sent to Palestine to collect the tribute, anxious to pre-occupy the emperor with accusations against the Jews before their well-grounded complaints of his boundless extortion could reach the capital, ordered an altar of mud to be raised in the town for the deification of the emperor. The Jews, as he had anticipated, indignant at the profanation of the Holy Land, assembled in a body, and demolished the altar. On hearing this, the emperor, incensed already at what had lately occurred in Egypt, resolved to resent this insult by the erection of an equestrian statue of himself in the Holy of Holies. (Philo, de Legut. ad Caium, Op. vol. ii. p. 573.) With respect to its site, it is assigned by Josephus to that part of the tribe of Judah occupied by the children of Dan (Ant. v. 1. §22); and he reckons it as an inland city. (Ant. xiv. 4. § 4, B. J. i. 7. § 7.) Thus, likewise, in the 1st book of Maccabees (x. 69, 71), it is spoken of as situated in the plain country; but the author of the 2nd book speaks of the harbour and fleet of the Iamnites, which were fired by Judas Maccabaeus; when the light of the conflagration was scen at Jerusalem, 240 stadia distant. The apparent discrepancy may, however, be reconciled by the notices of the classical geographers, who make frequent mention of this town. Thus Pliny expressly says, "Iamnes duae: altera intus," and places them between Azotus and Joppa (v. 12); and Ptolemy, having mentioned 'IaμvηTŵv, "the port of the lamnites," as a maritime town between Joppa and Azotus, afterwards enumerates Iamnia among the cities of Judaea. From all which it is evident that Iamnia had its Majuma, or naval arsenal, as Gaza, Azotus, and Ascalon also had. (Le Quien, Oriens Christ. vol. iii. col. 587, and 622.) The Itinerary of Antoninus places it 36 M. P. from Gaza, and 12 M. P. frota Diospolis (or Lydda); and Eusebius (Onom. 8. v. 'Iάuveia) places it between Diospolis and Azotus. Its site is still marked by ruins which retain the ancient name Yebna, situated on a small eminence on the west side of Wady Rúbín, an hour distant from the sea. (Irby and Mangles, Travels, p. 182.) "The ruins of a Roman bridge," which they noticed, spanning the Nahr-el-Rûbîn between Yebna and the sea, was doubtless built for the purpose of facilitating traffic between the town and its sea-port. [G. W.] IAMPHORINA, the capital of the Maedi, in Macedonia, which was taken B. C. 211 by Philip, son of Demetrius. (Liv. xxvi. 25.) It is probably represented by Vrania or Ivorina, in the upper valley of the Moráva. (Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iii. p. 473.) [E. B. J.] LANGACAUCA'NI [MAURETANIA.] JANUA'RIA ('Iavovaρía ăкpa), a promontory on the coast of Cilicia, near Serrepolis, between Mallus and Aegaea. (Stadiasm. §§ 149, 150.) It is now called Karadash. [L. S.] IA'PIS ('Iaπís), a small stream which formed the boundary between Megaris and the territory of Eleusis. [ATTICA, p. 323, a.] IA'PODES, IA'PYDES ('Iάmodes, Strab. iii. p. 207, vii. p. 313; 'láudes, Ptol. ii. 16. § 8; Liv. xliii. 5; Virg. Georg. iii. 475; Tibull. iv. 1. 108), an Illyrian people to the N. of Dalmatia, and E. of Liburnia, who occupied IAPYDIA (Plin. iii. 19), or the present military frontier of Croatia, comprised between the rivers Kulpa and Korana to the N. and E., and the Velebich range to the S. In the interior, their territory was spread along MONS ALBIUS (Velika), which forms the extremity of the great Alpine chain, and rises to a great elevation; on the other side of the mountain they reached towards the Danube, and the confines of Pannonia. They followed the custom of the wild Thracian tribes in tattooing themselves, and were armed in the Keltic fashion, living in their poor country (like the Morlacchi of the present day) chiefly on zea and millet. (Strab. vii. p. 315.) In B. C. 129, the consul C. Sempronius Tuditanus carried on war against this people, at first unsuccessfully, but afterwards gained a victory over them, chiefly by the military skill of his legate, D. Junius Brutus, for which he was allowed to celebrate a triumph at Rome (Appian, B. C. i. 19, Illyr. 10 ; Liv. Epit. lix.; Fasti Capit.) They had a “foedus" with Rome (Cic. pro Balb. 14), but were in B. C. 34 finally subdued by Octavianus, after an obstinate defence, in which Metulum, their principal town, was taken (Strab. I. c.; Appian, Illyr. l. c.). METULUM (METOûλov), their capital, was situated on the river COLAPIS (Kulpa) to the N., on the frontier of Pannonia (Appian, l. c), and has been identified with Möttling or Metlika on the Kulpa. The Antonine Itinerary has the following places on the road from Senia (Zergg) to Siscia (Sissek) :AVENDONE (comp. Peut. Tab.; Abendo, Geog. Rav.; Avevdeάтai, Appian, Illyr. l. c.; Ovevdus, Strab. iv. p. 207, vii. p. 314.); ARUPIUM (Arypium, Peut. Tab.; Parupium, Geog. Rav.; 'Apovmivo, App. Illyr. 16., perhaps the same as the 'Apoʊkкía of Ptolemy, ii. 16. § 9), now Ottochatz. At BIBICM, which should be read BIVIUM (Wesseling, ad loc.), the road divided, taking a direction towards Pannonia, which the Itinerary follows, and also towards Dalmatia, which is given in the Peutinger Table. Neigebaur (Die Sudslaven, pp. 224-235) has identified from a local antiquary the following sites of the Table : EPIDOTIUM (Uselle); Aucus (Chauke); Av. SANCALIO (Vissuch, near Udbina); CLUMBETAE sea. IAPY'GIUM PROMONTORIUM ( ̓́Ακρα Ιαπυ· The same point was also not unfrequently termed We have no clue to the origin or meaning of the name of Iapygians, which was undoubtedly given to the people (Lapyges, 'láñʊyes) before it was applied to the country which they inhabited. Niebuhr (vol. i. p. 146) considers it as etymologically connected with the Latin Apulus, but this is very doubtful. The name appears to have been a general one, including several tribes or nations, among which were the Messapians, Sallentini, and Peucetians: hence Herodotus calls the Messapians, Iapygians (Innvyes Meσσámot, vii. 170); and the two names are frequently interchanged. The Greek mythographers, as usual, derived the name from a hero, lapyx, whom they represented as a son of Lycaon, a descent probably intended to indicate the Pelasgic origin of the Iapygians. (Anton. Liberal. 31; Plin. iii. 11 s. 16.) For a further account of IA'RDANUS ('Iápdavos), a river on the N. coast JASO'NIUM ('Iaσóviov Ptol. vi. 10. § 3), a town JASO'NIUM (Td 'Iaσóviov, Ptol. vi. 2. § 4; JASO'NIUM ('Iaowviov), a promontory on the i coast of Pentus, 130 stadia to the north-east of Po. | nium. IASPIS. [CONTESTANIA.] IASSII (láσσto), mentioned by Ptolemy as a population of Upper Pannonia (ii. 14. § 2). Pliny's form of the name (iii. 25) is Iasi. He places them on the Drave. [R. G. L.] land by a small isthmus. Part of the city walls still exist, and are of a regular, solid, and handsome structure. In the side of the rock a theatre with many rows of seats still remains, and several inscriptions and coins have been found there. (Comp. Spon and Wheler, Voyages, vol. i. p. 361.) A second town of the name of Iassus existed in Cappadocia or Armenia Minor (Ptol. v. 7. § 6), on the north-east of Zoropassus. [L. S.] IASTAE ('lãoTai, Ptol. vi. 12), a Scythian tribe, whose position must be sought for in the neighbourhood of the river lastus. [E. B. J.] IASTUS ("laσTos), a river which, according to Ptolemy (vi. 12), was, like the Polytimetus (Kohik), an affluent of the Caspian basin, and should in fact be considered as such in the sense given to a denomination which at that time embraced a vast and complicated hydraulic system. [JAXARTES.] Von Humboldt (Asie Centrale, vol. ii. p. 263) has identified it with the Kizil-Deria, the dry bed of which may be traced on the barren wastes of Kizil Koum in W. Turkistan. It is no unusual circumstance in the sandy steppes of N. Asia for rivers to change their course, or even entirely to disappear. Thus the Kizil-Deria, which was known to geographers till the commencement of this century, no longer exists. (Comp. Levchine, Hordes et Steppes des Kirghiz Kazaks, p. 456.) [E. B. J.] IASTUS, a river mentioned by Ptolemy (vi. 14. §2) as falling into the Caspian between the Jaik and the Oxus. It is only safe to call it one of the numerous rivers of Independent Tartary. [R. G. L.] IASUS. [OEUM.] [V.] IASSUS, or IASUS (laσoos, or 'Iagos: Eth. 'large's), a town of Caria, situated on a small i-land close to the north coast of the Iasian bay, which derives its name from Iassus. The town is said to have been founded at an unknown period by Argive colonists; but as they had sustained severe losses in a war with the native Carians, they invited the son of Neleus, who had previously founded Miletus, to come to their assistance. The town appears on that occasion to have received additional settlers. (Polyb. xvi. 12.) The town, which appears to have occupied the whole of the little island, had only ten stadia in circumference; but it nevertheless acquired great wealth (Thucyd. viii. 28), from its fisheries and trade in fish (Strab. xiv. p. 658). After the Si- IATII ('lario, Ptol. vi. 12. § 4), a people in the cilian expedition of the Athenians, during the Pelo-northern part of Sogdiana. They are also mentioned ponnesian war, lassus was attacked by the Lace- by Pliny (vi. 16. s. 18); but nothing certain is known daemonians and their allies; it was governed at the of their real position. time by Amorges, a Persian chief, who had revolted IATINUM (IάTIVOV), according to Ptolemy (ii. from Darius. It was taken by the Lacedaemonians, S. § 15) the city of the Meldi, a people of Gallia who captured Amorges, and delivered him up to Lugdunensis. It is supposed to be the same place Tissaphernes. The town itself was destroyed on that as the Fixtuinum of the Table [FIXTUINUM], and occasion; but must have been rebuilt, for we after- to be represented by the town of Meaux on the wards find it besieged by the last Philip of Macedonia, Marne. Walckenaer, who trusts more to the accuwho, however, was compelled by the Romans to re- racy of the distances in the Table than we safely store it to Ptolemy of Egypt. (Polyb. xvii. 2; Liv. can do, says that the place Fixtuinum has not in xxxii. 33; comp. Ptol. v. 2. § 9; Plin. v. 29; Stad. the Table the usual mark which designates a capital Mar. Magn. §§ 274, 275; Hierocl. p. 689.) The town, and that the measures do not carry the posimountains in the neighbourhood of Iassus furnished tion of Fixtuinum as far as Meaux, but only as far a beautiful kind of marble, of a blood-red and livid as Montbout. He conjectures that the word Fixwhite colour, which was used by the ancients for tuinum may be a corruption of Fines latinorum, and ornamental purposes. (Paul. Silent. Ecphr. S. Soph. accordingly must be a place on the boundary of the ii. 213.) Near the town was a sanctuary of Hestias, little community of the Meldi. This conjecture with a statue of the goddess, which, though stand- might be good, if the name of the people was latini, ing in the open air, was believed never to be touched and not Meldi. [G. L.] by the rain. (Polyb. xvi. 12.) The same story is related, by Strabo, of a temple of Artemis in the IATRA or IATRUM ('Iarрóv), a town in Moesia, same neighbourhood. Iassus, as a celebrated fish- situated at the point where the river Iatrus or Iantrus ing place, is alluded to by Athenaeus (iii. p. 105, empties itself into the Danube, a few miles to the xm. p. 606). The place is still existing, under the east of Ad Novas. (Procop. de Aed. iv. 7; Theonaine of Askem or Asýn Kalessi. Chandler (Tra-phylact. vii. 2; Notit. Imp. 29, where it is erronevels in As. Min. p. 226) relates that the island on which the town was built is now united to the main JATRIPPA. [LATHRIPPA.] ously called Latra; Geogr. Rav.. iv. 7, where, as in the Peut. Tab., it bears the name Laton.) [L. S.] IATRUS (in the Peut. Tab. IANTRUS), a river traversing the central part of Moesia. It has its sources in Mount Haemus, and, having in its course to the north received the waters of several tributaries, falls into the Danube close by the town of latra. (Plin. iii. 29, where the common reading is Ieterus ; Jornand. Get. 18; Geogr. Rav. iv. 7.) It is probably the same as the Athrys ("A@pus) mentioned by Herodotus (iv. 49). Its modern name is Iantra. [L.S.] |