Francis Bacon's Philosophy of Science: An Account and a ReappraisalBacon's scientific method is commonly thought to proceed mechanically to its infallible end. In this book however, Urbach presents Bacon's philosophy in an alternative light which acquits him of several errors. Urbach describes Bacon as an experimental scientist and examines the criticisms made against him, one of which was that he did not understand the roles of mathematics and science. Bacon was not a traditional metaphysician and was alarmed at the lack of progress in science since ancient times, especially the lack of practical results. He attempted to open up a middle path between practical experience and unsupported theorizing. The author intends to clarify rather than defend Bacon's work. |
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الصفحة 31
instrumentalism ' , which was popular , especially in astronomy , in Bacon's time , and which has also , incidentally , enjoyed renewed support more recently from such philosophers as Duhem , Mach , Wittgenstein , Ryle , and Hanson .
instrumentalism ' , which was popular , especially in astronomy , in Bacon's time , and which has also , incidentally , enjoyed renewed support more recently from such philosophers as Duhem , Mach , Wittgenstein , Ryle , and Hanson .
الصفحة 148
Moreover , astronomical theories were fixed and protected by defence mechanisms which were applied systematically ... as astronomy had done , and as some critics , I believe , have alleged of certain branches of modern economics .
Moreover , astronomical theories were fixed and protected by defence mechanisms which were applied systematically ... as astronomy had done , and as some critics , I believe , have alleged of certain branches of modern economics .
الصفحة 200
... 1-2 celestial bodies : SEE astrology ; astronomy certainty , 49 , 188 ( SEE ALSO infallibility ) in astronomy , 125-128 , 132 as extreme degree of confidence , 43 , 189 generalization , 55 , 67 histories , natural and experimental ...
... 1-2 celestial bodies : SEE astrology ; astronomy certainty , 49 , 188 ( SEE ALSO infallibility ) in astronomy , 125-128 , 132 as extreme degree of confidence , 43 , 189 generalization , 55 , 67 histories , natural and experimental ...
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المحتوى
The Standard Interpretation | 17 |
Bacons Principles of Induction | 25 |
1 | 59 |
حقوق النشر | |
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عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
anticipation appear argued argument astronomy atoms axioms Bacon believe bodies called causes certainly Chapter claim clearly cold collection colour complete concerning conclusion considered correct course criticism described detailed direct discovered discovery discussion doubt earth effect established evidence example experimental experiments explain expressed facts final follows force further Gilbert hand heat hypotheses idea idols induction infallible instances interpretation italics kind knowledge laws lead light Magnete material mathematics matter means merely method mind motion namely nature necessary never objects observations original particles particular perhaps phenomena philosophy physical Popper positive possible practice predictions present principles probable produce question reason referred regarded rejected remarks scientific seems sense similar simple specific speculation substances suggested tables theory things thought true understanding University vacuum various writings