The colonial departments were 13, but France has not now a single possession out of Europe.... The following was their arrangement :

2. Beside the city of Paris, which is the capital, which are the most considerable cities in France?

A. Lyons, Marseilles, Bordeaux, Lisle, Rome, Milan, Amsterdam, Hamburg, Brussels, Flo

rence ... } 21

The principal rivers in France are the Rhone, Garonne, Seine, Sambre, Meuse, Moselle, and the Rhine, which is on the frontier next to Germany, Switzerland, and Batavia..

What beside is interesting in France?

A. The public works, such as canals and harbors, are worthy of admiration; the canal of Languedoc is 180 miles long, and admits a complete navigation from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic. Several great canals have been constructed lately.fimog ni and s

What is the state of Switzerland ?

A. It has assumed its ancient classic name of Helvetia, and preserves a confederated form of government, and consists of the 13 old states of Zurich, Berne, Underwalden, Zug, Basil, Glaris, Soleure, Uri, Schwitz, Appenzel, Lucern, Friburg, and Schafhausen; six other new cantons are formed out of the territories whch were formerly in alliance or dependent on Helvetia with-out any rights of interference in the government.. What districts were dependent ?

A. Baden, Bremgarten, Mellingen, Rheinthal,. Thurgau, Lugano, Locarno, Mendris, and Maggia.

2. Which were the Helvetian allies?

A. There were the Grisons, Valais, St. Gal,. Sargans, Tockenburg, Neufchatel, Mulhausen, Chiavena, Geneva, Bormio, and the Valteline.... Q. Were there not some others called independent Cantons?

A. Yes....but they are now either united with the Swiss Cantons, or with France or Italy,, or under new princes, such as Neufchatel, Bienne, Gerisau, Engleberg, Raperschweil, Hal

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denstein, Baden, Morat, Granson, Echalen, Orbe, Schwartzenberg, Utznach, and Gaster.. 2. You mentioned Geneva, is that an inde pendent state?

A. No; it has been incorporated with France, and some of the other districts, as part of the Valais had been added to the Italian republic, under the treaty of Campo Formio, concluded in 1797: but a department has been formed out of the Valais, called the Simplon, by a decree of December 1810.

2. What are the principal cities and towns of Helvetia?

A. Every canton has its peculiar capital, but Berne is the largest, Zurich and Basil rank next.

Helvetia is a mountainous country, it is divided by the Alps from Italy; St. Gothard in Uri; and Mont Blanc on the borders of the French department of that name, are the highest in Europe. The principal lakes are Constance, Lemman near Geneva, Lucern, Zurich, and others. The Rhine, the Rhone, and the Aar, have their sources in this country. Helvetia contains about 18,000 square miles, population 2,500,000. 9. Was not the Batavian republic a prodigy ot human industry?

A. Its banks (called dykes) for keeping out the ocean and securing the land; its canals and industry, are not to be conceived but by examination. Amsterdam is one of the largest cities in Europe, is built upon piles drove into the earth, in a mørass: the canals through the country are equally useful and curious.

The extent of the Batavian territory was 8,500 square miles, being about the same size as New Hampshire, something larger than Jersey, about one fifth of the size of Pennsylvania. The population 3,500,000, about 412 to a square mile.

dobra ded

WE CLASS V....LESSON V.

OF EUROPE.

2. WHAT is the state of Great Britain?

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A. Our former connexion with that country, and speaking the same language, render our acquaintance with its state more familiar than with others. Great Britain consists of the coun tries called England, Scotland, and Wales, and its government from the beginning of this century is called the United Kingdom of Great Brit tain and Ireland. Wales has for a long time ceased to be considered as separate from Eng land, and the name of Scotland is nearly lost in that of Great Britain. England contains 40 counties, Wales 12, Scotland 33, and Ireland 32.

2. Name them separately, og broddrobit A. England, taken from north to south, con

The principal city of the whole nation is London; Bristol, Liverpool, Hull, Newcastle, Oxford, and Cambridge, other principal cities; the two last are its most celebrated universities. Its rivers are the Severn, Thames, and Mersey; none of which are equal to our river Delaware in extent; and all of them inferior to rivers of the third degree in the United States: the principal lakes are those of Winandermere, but compared with our American lakes they are mere bathing tubs. tho Pin

Wales, a mountainous country contains the following counties.... buvo pili

The principal city is Edinburg, and Glasgow and Aberdeen are two universities. The principal rivers the Firth, Tay, and Tweed, but they are not much larger than many of our American creeks; their lakes, like those of England, are small, as Loch Lomond and Loch Ness.