VII. Sound of a as in what.

Marked with a dot under it, thus-a. This sound is

equivalent to short o, as in not.

pronounced hwot, not wut.

The word what is

Marked with a macron, thus-ē. Long e is one of the three vowel extremes, ä and o being the other two.

Marked with a breve, thus-ě. Avoid yĭt for yet, aig

x. Sound of e as in verge.

Marked with a wave or tilde, thus-ẽ.

This sound

nearly coincides with the sound of u as in urge, but is not quite so broad and guttural. Avoid the error of sounding ĕ like ai, as airth for earth, etc.

after its full sound.

Give the r

XI. Sound of e as in thêre.

Marked with a circumflex, thus-ê.

This sound is

identical with the sound of a as in câre.

Marked with a macron under it, thus-e. This sound

XIII. The long sound of i and y.

Marked with a macron, thus—ī, ỹ.

XIV. The short sound of i and y.

Marked with a breve, thus-1, ỹ.

Marked with a wave or tilde, thus-ĩ. identical with the sound of e as in her. the broader and more guttural sound of Be careful to give r its full sound.

This sound is

Avoid giving u as in ûrge.

XVI. Sound of i as in pïque.

Marked with two dots over it, thus-ï. This sound

is equivalent to that of long e as in mē.

XVII. The long sound of o.

Marked with a macron, thus-ō. Avoid shortening or obscuring the sound of long o as in ōld, in such words as road, coat, hōme, bōne, stōne, etc.

bōne

eōlt

eōmb

jōlt

mōst

smoke

yōke

yōlk

m

spōke

quĀth
beau

ōn'ly ō'ral whōl'ly close'ly lōne'ly trō'phy

ō'pal ō'dor

flown

stōne

bōth

dōlt

brōke

fōlks

chōke

hōld

cloak

hōme

crōak ōak

rōam

mōre

hōld

rōar

whōle

show

won't

dō n't

gōat

I. WORDS OFTEN MISPRONOUNCED.

Avoid the error of saying hôrse for hōarse, fôrce for

II. WORDS OFTEN MISPRONOUNCED.

In words like the following, avoid the error of giving long o the sound of o as in ôr'der; as bôr'der for board'er, fôr'ger for forger, pôrtrait for portrait, etc. Give o its full, long sound.

XVIII. The short sound of o.

Marked with a breve, thus-ŏ. The sound of short o, as in not, is slightly modified by the different consonants with which it is combined. In words like cough, gone, loss, etc., the sound of short o is modified, so that it tends towards a sound intermediate between short o and broad a. Avoid the common error of saying dawg or dorg for dog; gawd or gord for god; also, that of gut for got, etc.

I. WORDS OFTEN MISPRONOUNCED.

In every word give o its clean-cut short sound.