XIX. Sound of o as in done. Marked with a dot over it, thus-ỏ. This sound is identical with short u as in sun. XX. Sound of o as in move. Marked with two dots under it, thus-o. This sound is identical with that of oo in moon, and of u after r, as in rule. Avoid the provincialism of reducing the sound of o, 00, and u to that of long u dew for do, trew for true, tew for to, or ew, thusyew for you, or u is one of the extremes of the vowel scale, made correctly by skewl for school, etc. The sound of o, 00, projecting the lips free from the teeth. XXI. Sound of o as in fôr. Marked with a circumflex, thus-ô. This sound of o is identical with broad a as in all. It occurs before r in words of one syllable; in accented syllables when not followed by another r; and also in the derivatives of such words as nôrth, nôrthern, etc. Be careful to giver its full sound. Marked with a dot under it, thus-o. This sound is identical with that of short oo, as in book, and that of XXIII. The long sound of u. Marked with a macron, thus—ū. This is a compound sound, formed of a slight sound of y joined with oo long. After d, t, l, n, and s, it is somewhat difficult to introduce the y sound. Avoid the two extremes: (1) That of overdoing the y sound, so as to make dū'ty sound like jū'ty. (2) That of sounding u like oo long, as doo'ty for duty. Marked with a breve, thus-u. Avoid the vulgarism of saying op for up, on'der for un'der, etc. Say hurry, not hûrry; courage, not eûr'age. Marked with two dots under it, thus-u. This sound of u, when it follows the consonant r, is identical with that of o as in move, and oo in moon. Rule rhymes with fool, rude with mood, true with too, you with grew. Marked with a circumflex, thus-û. This sound occurs. in monosyllables before r not followed by a vowel; in accented syllables before r final, or r followed by one or more consonants different from itself, and in derivatives from any such words. It coincides with e as in verge, i as in thirst, and o as in word, except that û is somewhat broader and more guttural. Marked with a dot under it thus-u. This sound is identical with that of o as in wolf, and short oo as in XXVIII. The diphthong oi as in oil. The diphthongs oi and oy are equivalents. The sound of oi is a compound of a+1. XXIX. The diphthongs ou and ow. The diphthong ou, identical with ow, is a compound of äo. Open the mouth freely in giving the initial Concert drill exercises on the following table may be given as follows: 1. Preliminary breathing exercise. 2. Concert phonic spelling of the words under each vocal. 3. Concert pronunciation of words, with various degrees of force from the whisper to loud force, and with the rising, the falling, and the circumflex inflections. 4. If time will allow, require each pupil, singly, to take the drill indicated above. II. TABLE OF VOCALS. ā.—āle, sāil, pāy, they, vein, gāuģe, breāk, ģāol. |