THE

LATIN HYMN-WRITERS

AND

THEIR HYMNS.

BY THE LATE

SAMUEL WILLOUGHBY DUFFIELD,

AUTHOR OF

"THE HEAVENLY LAND," "WARP AND WOOF," "THE BURIAL OF THE
DEAD," AND "ENGLISH HYMNS: THEIR AUTHORS AND HISTORY."

EDITED AND COMPLETED BY

PROF. R. E. THOMPSON, D.D.,

Of the University of Pennsylvania.

"Et semper

in hunc studiorum quare munitissimum portum ex hujus temporis tempes-
tatibus lubenter confugissem."-H. A. Daniel.

"In diesem Sinne betrachte ich diese, uns von der Vorzeit überlieferten ehrwürdigen
und erhabenen Kirchlichen Dichtungen als ein geistiges Gemeingut."-G. A. Konigsfeld.

Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1889, by

FUNK & WAGNALLS,

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington, D. C.

EDITOR'S PREFACE.

SOME months before the death of my true hearted friend, Rev. S. W. Duffield, he wrote to express his wish that I should complete this work, if he did not live to finish it. As I was not aware how grave, and even hopeless, was his illness, I did not feel that I was undertaking a serious responsibility in assenting to his wish. But his untimely death brought to me the duty of discharging a wish which "the emphasis of death" made imperative.

In our conferences over the book and its subject, which we had had for three years past, I had come to appreciate Mr. Duffield's ideas as to its form and content, and read with much interest his preliminary studies in the Christian Intelligencer, the Sunday-School Times, and the New Englander. On coming into possession

of his manuscript and notes, I found that the greater part of the book had been carried almost to the point of readiness for the printer, although several chapters had not been written and all needed careful revision.

I have revised throughout the chapters Mr. Duffield left, but in doing so I have been embarrassed by the very vitality and personal quality in Mr. Duffield's style. He reminds one of what Archdeacon Hare says of the freshness and living force in a page of Luther's. This has constrained me to leave intact many a phrase or expression I should not have used, but which was natural and even inevitable in him. It is my hope that I have not sacrificed this admirable quality of his writing to any pedantry of judgment.

The chapters on Pope Damasus (Chapter IV.) I have rewritten throughout. That on Bernard of Cluny I have rearranged, but without much alteration. That on Thomas of Celano I have rewritten to the top of page 252. That on Hermann of Reichenau I should have liked to rewrite; but as I dissented from some of its arguments, I feared to more than retouch it. It stands as a

monument of its author's vehement conviction that in Hermann
he had found the true author of the Veni Sancte Spiritus.

The later chapters, from Thomas Aquinas, with the exception of
those on Jacoponus and Xavier, are the work of the editor alone.
In preparing them I have followed the author's own plan for the
book, except (1) in treating of the less-known as well as the un-
known hymn-writers in Chapters XXX. and XXXI.; (2) in insert-
ing a chapter on the relations of Protestantism to Latin hymnol-
ogy; and (3) in giving in the last chapter only a selection from
Mr. Duffield's great Index of the Latin Hymns, which I hope to see
published complete in a separate book. Translations not credited
other person are the work of Mr. Duffield.

to any

Mr. Duffield's own idea of his book is well expressed in the
Introduction which follows this Preface. I give it as he left it,
although he had noted his purpose to prepare another which
would cover the ground more fully. It now remains to say some-
thing of the man personally, and in this I am indebted much to
the assistance of his faithful coworker in his hymnological studies,
Miss Lilian B. Day of Bloomfield, who copied his great Index of
the Latin Hymns, and who prepared the indexes to both his Eng-
lish Hymns and the present volume.

Samuel Augustus Willoughby Duffield was born at Brooklyn,
on September 24th, 1843. His family was of French Huguenot
extraction (Du Field), and found a home in the North of Ireland
after the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Between 1725 and
1730 George Duffield, his ancestor by five removes, settled in
Lancaster County, as one of the great Ulster emigration which
was flowing into Pennsylvania. His son George graduated at
Princeton, and after several pastorates was settled in Philadelphia
in the Pine Street church. He was an ardent patriot, chaplain in
Washington's army, and Bishop White's associate in the chaplaincy
of the Continental Congress. Of two sons who survived him, one
became a minister, while the other took a prominent part in pub-
lic life. His grandson, Rev. George Duffield, D.D. (1796-1868)
was a leader of the New School division of the Presbyterian
Church, both before and after the separation of 1837, and while
pastor at Carlisle was arraigned for unsound teaching in his work
on Regeneration. Barnes, Beman, and Duffield" were the

three names most offensive to the Aristarchuses of orthodoxy in that time. He was married to a sister of Dr. George W. Bethune. His son, generally known in our times as Dr. George Duffield, Jr., to distinguish him from his father, was born in 1818 at Carlisle, graduated at Yale College in 1837, and at Union Theological Seminary. One of his pastorates was in Brooklyn, from 1840 to 1847, during which his son, Samuel Augustus Willoughby, was born. He is best known as a hymn-writer, two of his hymns being known and loved wherever the English language is spoken. They are, "Blessed Saviour, Thee I love," and "Stand up, stand up for Jesus," the latter being suggested by the dying words of Dudley Tyng in 1858.

Samuel W. Duffield was of the sixth American generation of his family. From his youth he was a young giant, with an inborn love of active sports, quick in movement, and apparently incapable of fatigue. His mind showed equal vigor and freshness, and he early developed a passion for poetry. By his tenth year he had mastered Chaucer, in spite of difficulties much more serious to beginners in those days than in our own. And he very early began to find expression for his own ideas in verse. He united with the Church at the age of thirteen, when his father was a pastor in Philadelphia, being the only one who did so at the time, so that the act was the result of personal decision and not of a revival excitement. He graduated at Yale in 1863; and after teaching for a while, he began the study of theology under the care of his grandfather and his father. Not until after he had been licensed to preach, and had had charge of a mission in Chicago, did he present himself as a student in Union Theological Seminary.

His first pastorate was from 1867 to 1870 at Tioga, one of the northern suburbs of Philadelphia. As he frequently came to the office of the American Presbyterian, on which I was assisting the late Dr. John W. Mears, I then formed an acquaintance with him, which ripened into a friendship that was to be lifelong, and I hope even longer. He was an impressive figure, of more than the ordinary height, and yet so massively built that he was seen to be tall only when beside another person. His manner was cheerful, affectionate and buoyant, giving evidence in various ways of his French descent. His character was winning and attractive by its openness, and its entire freedom from selfishness. He was a man