his personal accomplishments as a man, and his ability and usefulness as a physician.

Alpheus Fletcher Stone, son of Capt. John Stone. Studied with Dr. John Stone, and commenced business here in 1805. Hon. degree of M. D. Williams College. Seth Washburn, native of Leicester. Studied with Dr. Flint, Northampton. Died January 1825, aged 34much respected as a man, and for his skill as a physician.

Amariah Brigham, a native of Berkshire County. Commenced practice here in 1821. Removed to Hartford 1831. Author of several medical works.

Helaz Alvord. South Hadley and Montague. Removed here in 1827. Died in 1829, aged 38.

Stephen Bates, son of Dr. Bates, Charlemont. Grad. Williams Coll. 1826. Studied with Hunt and Barrett, Northampton, and at Jefferson College, Philadelphia. M. D. at the same. Commenced practice here in 1831. James Deane, son of C. Deane, Colerain. Studied with A. W. Ives, New York city. Med. Grad. University of the State of New York, 1831. Received the hon. degree of A. M. from Amherst Coll. 1838. Commenced practice here 1831.

Francis Dana, Cambridge. Grad. Harv. Coll. Commenced practice here in 1831. Removed to Boston 1834.

CHAPTER XI.

Notice of the Early Traders-Newspapers-Schools

Stages-Banks--Factories--Scenery-Witches Turner's Falls-Society, &c.

Samuel Bliss, of Boston, built the store on the corner, now occupied by E. W. Kingsley and others. Not favoring the Revolution, he joined the British, and was made a Captain. He was included among the outlawed

in 1778. Their first return was punishable by transportation to the British dominions: the second with death. George Grennell, Saybrook, Connecticut, was his successor in business.

Reuel and Beriah Willard, Shrewsbury, came about the year 1770. Samuel Field, Deerfield. William

Moore, Rutland.

of

Jerom Ripley, Hingham. Removed to this town from Boston in 1789. Mrs. Ripley is a native of Boston, and descendant of Benjamin Franklin. Mr. R. built the house and store he now occupies in 1790. For half a century or more has this venerable man stood behind the counter: more years, probably, than any other individual in New England, whose integrity, like the virtue of Cæsar's wife, was never even suspected whose virtue and uprightness a long course of years leaves no question; who never took from any man the ten thousandth part of a fraction unjustly; a living and eminent example of the beneficial effects of steady industry and perseverance in one calling, and of minding one's own business and letting others alone. A change has passed over all who have stood around him. More than eighty persons have been concerned in trade in this town, from the time he began. He has been a Justice of the Peace near fifty years, a Representative, and one of the Justices of the Court of Sessions. If all these facts make it invidious to speak of the living, then be it

So.

A few others of the early traders, were, Samuel Field, E. Upham, Caleb Alvord, and Abner Smead. Joseph Taylor and John. E. Hall, Middletown, C. Samuel Pierce, do. Daniel Forbes, William Forbes, Brookfield. Hart Leavitt, Calvin Munn, Thomas Dickman, Newton & Green, O. Wilkinson. Norton & Bird, Simsbury, C. John Russell, Abner Wells. David Ripley, Hingham, died 1836, universally respected. Drugs and Medicines, Edward Billings. Marble-Dix, Brinley, C. Clapp.

1

MANUFACTORIES.-The Satinett Factory of N. E. Russell & Co. at Fall river, employs a large capital and numerous hands. The building first used was burnt, in Nov. 1829. Loss estimated at about $30,000. A spacious stone building now supplies its place. A large amount of prime quality cloths are annually turned off.

The CUTLERY WORKS of J. Russell, Jun. & Co. first established in this town, were burnt down in 1836, and since rebuilt, on Green river, a few rods beyond the south line of the town, within the bounds of Deerfield, are much enlarged, and calculated for an extensive business. Superior cutlery of various kinds, is manufactured.

NOTE. FIRES. Besides the fires referred to, there have been the house of Col. Gilbert, T. Chapman, shop of W. Wilson, R. E. Field-and in 1826, 8 buildingshouse of A. Clark, and Mrs. Munn; shops of Clay & Field, D. Long, A. Ames, &c.

NEWSPAPERS.-The first newspaper printed in this part of the country was established here by Thomas Dickman, a native of Boston, in February 1793, who served his time with Benjamin Edes & Son. It was called the Impartial Intelligencer. He had at first 800 subscribers, but the number soon increased to 1600. The name was soon after changed to that of Greenfield Gazette. It was afterwards for a time printed by Francis Barker, and from 1802 to 1810 by John Denio. From that period under the title of the Traveller, Herald and Advertiser, &c. by Col. Ansel Phelps, a native of Northampton. The Gazette printed by J. Denio and Alanson Clark (Northampton) in 1825, united with the Herald in 1827. Franklin Federalist, by Russell Wells, 1816, (discontinued.) Franklin Post and Christian Freeman, 1825, removed to Northampton and discon tinued. Freedom's Sentinel, by Alonzo Rawson, (dis.) Franklin Freeman, by J. P. Fogg, 1831. Franklin Mercury, by G. T. Davis; united with the Gazette 1837.

Workingman's Advocate, 1836, by J. M. Campbell, (dis.) Greenfield Courier, by Kneeland & Eastman. 1838.

When Mr. Dickman's paper was first published, newspapers were procured for him by a company who sent to Springfield every week. A Post Office was soon after established, and he was appointed Postmaster, which office he held till 1804, when the present Postmaster, Capt. A. Ames, was appointed.

MAILS AND STAGES.-A notice was published in 1792 by T. Pickering, Postmaster General, for contracts for carrying a mail from Springfield to Brattleboro, once a week to leave Springfield Mon. 1 o'clk. A. M. arr. at B. 5 P. M. next day : leave B. next Sat. noon, arr. at S. 9 A. M. next Mon. From Brattleboro to Hanover once a week. For every hour's delay one dollar fine. In 1796 a stage was run from Hartford to Brattleboro three times a week, during five months of the yearremainder twice, by R. Sikes, and others.

About the year 1806, a stage commenced running every other day from Hartford to Brattleboro, as now, to which is recently added a daily line up and down, both by Chapin & Deming, J. Spencer and others.

The mail hither from Boston, for a few years previous to 1809, was brought once a week on horseback. In 1810 in a covered carriage, by John Phelps, and soon after to Albany. About the year 1817, every other day to Boston and Albany, and for several years past, by different routes, every day to both, and to Worcester Rail Road.

SCHOOLS.-The High School for the instruction of Young Ladies was established in 1828, since which it has flourished under the care of the Rev. Henry Jones, of Hartford, C. and Graduate of Yale College in 1820. The course of study, comprising all branches of a female education, is systematic and apparently as complete as

a

could be devised or desired, with an instructor to each department. So powerful is the influence of females upon society, and so almost entirely dependant is the happiness of the other sex, upon their good or ill education; so enduring is that of the mother upon those entrusted to her care, that the importance of that education, which should begin at home, and afterwards continue to be of a domestic character, that it cannot be measured or weighed by any measure or scale hitherto existing even in fancy. Refined manners will in general be duly esti mated : a certain undefinable delicacy of mind and thought, arising from a proper education, can alone give that true dignity and grace, which place woman where she should be, but a little lower than the angels; with which mere personal beauty is no more to be compared, than the meanest insect which sports in the sunbeam to the glorious luminary itself.

The situation of the buildings is elevated and beauti. ful, and probably surpassed by no other for convenience. The eye of the traveller, especially coming from the south, rests with pleasure upon these buildings, and from the School itself a prospect is spread out before and under the eye, of sloping hills and mountains, meadow and vale and stream, overlooking the windings of Green river, as picturesque and pleasing as it often rests upon or can desire.

An INSTITUTION for the education of females in all the branches usually taught in High Schools, has recently been opened by the Misses Stone, daughters of Dr. A. F. Stone, (who are experienced and well qualified instructors,)—in a pleasant and commodious situation and with a suitable building. This school promises much usefulness.

No. of Public Schools, 7; No. of Scholars of all ages in all the Schools, in Winter, 317; in Summer, 278; average attendance in the Schools in Winter, 253; in Summer, 218; No. of persons between the ages of 4 and 16 years of age in the town, 494; aggregate length