SHE

536

Shepenput, wife of Psamatik I., ii.
463, 471

Shepherds, two dynasties of, esta-
blished in the Eastern Delta con-
currently with the thirteenth, ii.
182; not after Apophis, the last
Hyksos monarch, 188 (see Hyksos)
Shepseskaf, a variant of Aseskaf,
which see

Sheshach, mystical spelling of Babel,
ii. 417 n.'

Sheshonk I. (Shishak), erects statues

to Bast, i. 382 n.; Bubastite an-
cestry of, ii. 418; married to a
Tanite princess, but mode of his
accession doubtful, ib.; his throne-
name, 419; receives Jeroboam as
a refugee, 420; invades Judæn
and takes Jerusalem, 421; his
victorious progress through Israel
into Arabia, 422; bas reliefs and
hall of, at Karnak, 423; cavalry
force of, i. 449, 450

-II. (Seses-khepr-ra-sotep-en-Am-
mon), reign of, ii. 428

- III. (User-ma-ra-sotep-en-ra, Si-
Bast), ii. 429

-IV. (Aa-khepr-ra), ii. 429

Silver mines, Diodorus's statement
concerning, i. 93

Simyra, a town of the Ruten, ii:
231, 233

Sinaitic peninsula, invaded by Se-
neferu, ii. 48; by Khufu, 54-55;
by Sahura, 70; by Ranuser, 73;
by Thothmes I., 217
Singara, identification of, ii. 309 n.
Siouph, ii. 490

Siphthah (Ra-khu-en-sotep-en-ra),
ousts Seti II. from the throne, ii.
338; marries a Rameside princess,
339; troubled and inglorious reign
of, ib.; his tomb in the Biban-el-
Moluk, ib.; anarchy after his
death, 339-340, 363-364
Sirius (Sothis), heliacal rising of, i.
303

414

son of Osarkon I., ii. 426

the name, ii. 417 n.

Shields, Egyptian, i. 446-447
Shilbe fish, i. 85

Shittim wood (see Seyal)
Shoes, use of, ii. 139

Shrewmouse sacred to Maut, i. 338
Shu, the sun-god, described, i. 351-
353; connection of, with Tafnó,
387

Shupot (see Aupot)
Si-Ammon (see Her-hor)

Si-Bast, title of Osarkon II. and.
Sheshonk III., ii. 418, 426, 429

the hand of Namrut, ii. 441
S-kem-ka-ra, a son of Shafra, ii. 62 ;
tomb of, 40

Slaves, treatment of, i. 105; employ-
ment of, 154, ii. 314–315; royal
hunts for, 313

Slingers, Egyptian, i. 449
Snakes, Egyptian, i. 87

So of Scripture representative of
Shabak, ii. 13

Sobat, an affluent of the Nile, i. 12,

18

Sokari, a form of Phthah, i. 335, ii.
38, 117; distinct from Phthah,
84

561

SOK

Sokhem-khepr-ra-sotep-en-ra (see
Osarkon I.)

Soldiers, inferior military qualities
of, i. 106; conditions of their
service, 431; number and social
rank of, 442-443; divided into
Hermotybies and Calasiries, 443;
not maintained permanently, 444;
training of, 444-445; infantry,
heavy- and light-armed, 445-449;
cavalry, conflicting statements con-
cerning, 449-450; use of chariots
by, 450-456; weapons of, 456-
461; tactics of, 461-462; standards
employed by, 463-464; command
and organisation of, 464; siege
operations of, 464-469; service of,
in war-galleys, 470-472; treat-
ment of prisoners by, 472-474, ii.
361; and of the slain, i. 474-475,
ii. 361; encampment of, i. 475-
477; disposition of, on the march,
477; signals used by, 477-478;
triumphal return of, 478-479
Soleb, temple of Amenôphis III. at,
ii. 263, 264

Solomon marries a Tanite princess,
ii. 414

Solpuga spider, i. 91

Somauli country identified with the
land of Punt, ii. 131-132

Somerset river, or Victoria Nile, i.
10

Sont, native name of the acantha
tree, i. 52

Soris, identified with Seneferu, ii.
46

Sotep-en-ptah, a name of Rameses
XIII., ii. 401

Sothiac cycle, i. 303; festival, ii. 139
Sothis, connection of Isis with, i.
369

Soul, belief in the immortality of
the, i. 317; entertained from the
beginning, ii. 39-40; its judgment
in the next world, i. 138-139,
317; its temporary resurrection
on earth, 319; its absorption into
the divine essence, ib.; the doc-
trine dated from Shafra, ii. 64
Spar fish, i. 84

Spears, Egyptian, i. 456–457
Sphinx, great, i. 269; temple of the,

VOL. II.

SUT

ii. 60; cleared of sand by Thoth-
mes IV., 258

Spoons, i. 549

Staan, Shepherd king, ii. 198
Staël, Mme. de, quoted, on the sculp-
tures of animal figures, i. 276 n.
Standards, military, i. 463–464
Stanley, Dean, quoted, on the colossus
of Rameses II., ii. 344; on the
twin colossi of Amenôphis III.,
345; on the deification of Rameses
II., 351 n.

Stars, tabulation of, by the Egyp-
tians, i. 301-302

Statues, Osiride, i. 244; single, 261-
263; grouped, 263; peculiar back
support of, ib.; wooden, 265 n.;
grotesque, of the gods, 266; fabri-
cation of, 515; erection of, 516;
of primitive times, ii. 37; of the
pyramid period, 81-83; of other
periods, 115, 137, 171, 347, 403,
430, 484, 497, 504, 505 (see Colossi)
Statuettes, i. 268-270, 499
Stone, conveyance of, down the
Nile, i. 92, 308; cutting of, 484-
486, ii. 44

Strabo, quoted, on the Arsinoïte
nome, i. 32 n.

Succoth, a Semitic name, introduced
into Egypt, ii. 181

Suez canal, i. 28; gulf of, a natural
protection to Egypt, 38

Suicide, detestation of the Egyptians
for, i. 119 n., ii. 114
Sulphur mines, i. 94

Sun, connection of, with the religion,
i. 342; festivals in honour of the,
420; exclusive worship of the,
favoured by Amenôphis III., ii.
262-263; adopted by Amenôphis
IV., 273; not embraced by the
people, 348; hymns of its votaries,
274
Sun-dials, when first used by the
Egyptians, i. 299

Sun-gods, i. 315, 342-364
Sûs (mare), etymology of, i. 74 n.
Sutech, representative of the sun in
the Hittite religion, ii. 199; temple
to, 377 (see Set)
Suten-rekh, title of the grandsons of
kings, ii. 41

Syria, i. 38-42; origin of Egypt
from, 98; trade of, with Egypt,
482, ii. 168; commencement of
Egypt's wars with, 212-213; cam-
paigns of Thothmes III. in, 233,
234; of Amenôphis II., 255; em-
bassy from, to king Tutankh-amen,
277; conquest of, by the Hittites,
287, 288; campaign of Psamatik I.
in, 467-468; subjugation of, by
Neco, 475-478; reconquered by
Nebuchadnezzar, 478-479
Syrians, character of the, i. 41

ΤΑΤ

caves, ii. 293; routed by Seti I.,
293; war of Rameses II. with
the, 312 (see Ribu)
Tahrak, the name, ii. 445 n.
Taia (Tii), wife of Amenôphis III.,
ii. 261; apparently associated with
her husband, 269; filial love of
Amenôphis IV. for, 276

a lady concerned in the harem
conspiracy against Rameses III.,
ii. 380

Takelot, the name, ii. 417 n.
Takelut I. or Takerut, accession of,
ii. 425; supposed struggle of, with
his brother Sheshonk, 426; reign
of, 426

- II., ii. 429

Takhaut or Takhot, wife of Neco, ii.
481

Takheba, country of, ii. 105
Takhira, slaughter of captive kings

by Thothmes III. at, ii. 255
Talmis, worship of Merula at, i. 378
Tamahu, land of, ii. 224
Tambourines, Egyptian, i. 521-522
Ta-Mera (see Egypt)

Tanasa-Tanasa, mystic name of Am-
mon, i. 326

Tânauna, name of a people, ii. 371;
identification of, 513
Ta-neter, the 'holy land,' ii. 222
Tanganyika, lake, i. 8 n.
Tanis, city of, ii. 316-318; inscrip-
tion of, fixing the date of Saïtes,
16; temple built by Rameses II.
at, 320; the favourite residence of
the Ilyksos kings, 194, 408; tem-
ples built by the Hyksos in, 194
Tanite kings of the twenty-first dy-
nasty, ii. 408-415

Taouris, feminine principle of evil,
described, i. 393-394

Tapé, the original of the Greek
Thebai,' ii. 126

Tapur (Dabir), ii. 309 n.
Tarakennas, Hittite cavalry com-
mander, ii. 308

Tarakos, Greek rendering of Tirha-
kah, which see

Taraua, negro tribe, ii. 375
Tatam, territory of, ii. 104
Tat-asu, name of Teta's pyramid, ii.

101

563

TAT

Tatius, on the Egyptian origin of
the sign of the Balance, i. 302
Tat-ka-ra, a pyramid king (with the
family name of Assa), accession
of, ii. 76; visits the mines of
Wady Magharah, ib.; his title of
Sa-ra, 77; extant papyrus belong-
ing to his time, 77, 91-93
Tatkaura, throne-name of Shabatok,
ii. 449

Tattu (see This)

Ta-user or Ta-usert, wife of king
Siphthah, ii. 339

Tearchon, Greek rendering of Tir-
hakah, which see
Tecnaphthus (see Tafnekht)
Tekaru, name of a people, ii. 371;
identification of, with the Teucri,
515

Tel-Basta (see Bubastis)
Tel-el-Amarna, the site of Khu-aten,
ii. 275

Tel-el-Yahoudeh, i. 498
Temples, primitive, i. 215, ii. 38,

80; progressive changes in the
construction of, i. 216; that of
Medinet-Abou, 217-220; the Mem-
nonium or Rameseum, 220-224;
the great temple of Karnak, 224.
233; obelisks as ornaments of,
233-235, 245-246; 'palace tem-
ples,' 236, ii. 342; southern tem-
ple of Karnak, i. 236; mammeisi
temples, ib.; worship in the, 311,
404-411; endowments of the,
436, ii. 85; offerings to the,
436-437, 479; the earliest, ii. 38,
80

Temu, the name, i. 347
Temuu, African tribe, ii. 312
Tenfu, African tribe, ii. 312
Tennu, same as Silsilis, which see
Tentkheta, wife of Amasis, ii. 498
Termes, plant so named, i. 61
Terra-cotta, pottery in, i. 498
Teshir crown, i. 341

Tet, same as Thoth, which see
Teta, a supposed early king, ii. 27,
101; signification of the name,
30; tradition concerning, 31;
priests of, 41 n.

Teta-an, a Nubian chief, his contests
with king Aahmes, ii. 208

THO

Tethmosis, Josephus's rendering of
the name Aahmes, ii. 209 n.
Teti, king, ii. 29

Tetrads of gods, i. 385
Tetraodon, a poisonous fish, i. 85
Teucri, identified with the Tekaru,
ii. 515

Thamphthis, king, probably fictitious,
ii. 69

Thebaïd, the, i. 25 n.; natural fea-
tures of, ii. 125

Thebes, site of, ii. 124-126; native
name and early condition of, 126;
independent monarchy established
at, 127; special deities of, i. 322,
337; supposed eight great gods at,
402; high priest of, 434; the
office made hereditary, ii. 395;
native dynasty at, under the Iyk-
sos, 195 n., 199; depressed state
of, at the close of the Ethiopian
rule, 458; public library esta-
blished at, 360; Memnonium or
Rameseum at, i. 220-223; other
temples, 370, ii. 144, 149, 216,
257, 280, 318, 321, 337, 377, 390,
401

Theriotrophi, Egyptian priests, i. 435
Thes-bast-per, daughter of Osarkon
II., ii. 428

Theseus, the myth of, i. 27 n.
This (Tattu), antiquity of, ii. 41 n.;
worship of Osiris at,i. 360; temple
to Onuris at, ii. 377
Thmuïs (Leontopolis), temple of
Amasis at, ii. 496
Thoth, the month, i. 303
Thoth, or Tet, a moon-god, described,
i. 371-374; ascription of the
'Ritual of the Dead' to, 136;
earliest monumental evidence of,
ii. 30, 38; office of, in Amenti, i.
318; animals sacred to, 81, 411;
tablet of, relating to the mafka
mines, ii. 76

Thoth-em-hebi, a scribe, ii. 397
Thoth-hotep, a functionary of the
pyramid period, ii. 38

Thothmes I. (Aa-khepr-ka-ra), im-
portance of his reign, ii. 212-213;
Nubian conquests of, 214-215;
commences a war of aggression in
Syria and Mesopotamia, 215; com-

THO

memorative tablet of, 216; en-
larges and embellishes the temple
of Ammon at Thebes, 216-217
Thothmes II. (Thothmes-ne fer-shau,

--

Aa-khepr-en-ra), his campaign
against the Arabs, ii. 217; subse-
quent inactive life of, 218; builds,
with his sister Hatasu, the temple
at Medinet-Abou, ib.; extract
from a tablet of, i. 142-143

III. (Thothmes - nefer- khepru,
Men-khepr-ra), harsh treatment of,
by his sister Hatasu, during his
minority, ii. 220; admitted to a
share of the throne, 224; erases
his sister's name from her monu-
ments, 225; accession of, to the
sole monarchy, ib.; called the
Egyptian Alexander, 226; in-
vades Asia, 227; vanquishes the
Kharu and the Katu at Megiddo,
228; campaigns of, in Judæa,
Syria, and Mesopotamia, 229;
against the Syrian coast cities,
233; against Hansatu, 233–234;
his eighth campaign, in Mesopo-
tamia, 234–235; his elephant hunt
at Ni, 236; object and limit of
his conquests, ib.; his booty and
collection of natural objects, 237;
foreign plants and animals por-
trayed on his monuments, 238;
reconstructs Usurtasen's cell in
the temple of Karnak, 149, 240;
his ancestral tablet and pillared
hall, 24 n., 240; obelisks and other
erections, 240-242; captives forced
to labour upon his works, 242-
244; condition of the Israelites
under his rule, 244-247; his
southern wars, 247; his supposed
maritime empire, 247-249; hymn
of victory on which this supposi-
tion is founded, 250-251; sun-
mary of his character, 251-253;
his personal appearance, 253-254

IV. (Men-khepru - ra, Sha-
shau), vision of Harmachis to, ii.
258; removes the sand from the
Sphinx, ib.; his memorial tablet
and temple to the Sphinx, ib.;
his expeditions against the Hit-
tites and Cushites, 259; his hunt-

TRA

ing and athletic tastes, 259-
260

Throw-stick, used in fowling, i.
540-541, ii. 91

Ti, royal architect, i. 529; tomb of,
529, ii. 72 n., 74-75, 81
Tiglath-Pileser, ii. 400; the name,
417 n.

Tii, wife of Amenôphis III. (see
Taia)

wife of king Ai, ii. 277 n.
Tii-meri-hesi, wife of king Setnekht,
ii. 367 n.

Tiles, glazed, manufacture of, i. 497–
498

Tin, how obtained by the Egyptians,

i. 94

Tirhakah, king, length and date of
his reign, ii. 12; Egyptian and
Greek forms of his name, 450; his
connection with Hezekiah, 450;
his monuments, 451; Greek tra-
ditions of his military prowess,
ib.; defeated and driven into Ethi-
opia by Esarhaddon, 452 ; recovers
his Egyptian sovereignty, 453;
defeated anew by Asshur-bani ·
pal, ib.; retakes Thebes, but re-
tires before Neco, 454;, court
added by, to the temple of Me-
dinet-Abou, 458 n.

Tombos, memorial of Thothmes I.
at, ii. 215

Tombs, solicitude of the Egyptians
for, i. 182; most ancient examples
of, 183; pyramidal, 184-212;
rock-cut, 212-214, 247, 255; suc-
cessive additions to, suggested the
idea of the pyramids, 183-189, ii.
35-36; earliest, i. 183-189, ii.
34-36; bas-reliefs of the, i. 283-
285; burglary of, ii. 392 (see
Pyramids)

Toora, tablets of Amenôphis III. at,
ii. 264; of Neco, 481
Tosorthrus, king, traditions related
of, ii. 31

Totun, temple to, at Koummeh, ii.

257

Trade, flourishing condition of, under
the Pharaohs, i. 482-483; develop-
ment of, by the kings of the
eleventh and twelfth dynasties, ii.